THEDIAGNOSTICNUMERICALSIMULATIONOFTHREE－DIMENSIONALBAROCLINICCIRCULATIONINTHEYELLOWANDBOHAISEAS

给出一黄渤海三维斜压的数值诊断环流模式，并进行了环流的数值模拟。在黄渤海冬季及夏季的环流模拟研究中，考虑了影响环流的因素，如海面风应力、热盐效应、地形及边界流量交换等影响因子。由模拟结果，正确再现了黄海冷水团密度环流、黄海暖流和沿岸流等的三维特征，并对这些特征的成因进行了分析     

渤海近岸海水扩散规律的研究

随着工业和科学的迅速发展,研究和解决近岸海水扩散及污染问题日益受到广泛的注意,许多国家相继进行了大量的工作。六十年代初,考虑到美苏核试验的影响,我国就开展了海洋放射性污染的调查。七十年代又开展了石油和重金属污染的研究。目前,这项工作已成为国家的重点研究项目之一。研究污染物质的通量、变化、形态和海水对污染物质的容量,及其稀释扩散规律都是这项研究的重要内容。     

ANALYSIS OF DRIFT BOTTLE AND DRIFT CARD EXPERIMENTS IN BOHAI SEA AND HUANGHAI SEA (1975-80)

The results of drift bottle and drift card experiments in the Bohai Sea and Huanghai Sea obtained by researchers of the Institute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica from 1975-1980 are reported in this article. Of over 50,000 bottles and cards released, around 10,000 were recovered.The results gave some convincing evidences for the existence of the Huanghai Sea Coastal Current, theHuanghai Sea Warm Current, the cyclonic movement around the northern Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass,the anticyclonic eddy in the area near the Shidao-Qingdao coast and the flow of some of the Huanghai Seawater to the Japan Sea and to the North Pacific off Tokyo. The results show that the drift bottles and cardsare still useful for getting the flow pattern of enclosed and semi-enclosed seas.     

长江口外海流结构及其季节变化

为考察长江三峡工程对河口区生态环境的影响，有必要探讨长江径流量的季节变化对河口区及口外陆架区流场结构的影响。在“长江三峡工程对长江口区流场的影响”的一文(本集)中，作者己着重探讨了三峡工程的流量调节方案将给长江口区流场带来的可能影响。本文试图从长江径流量的季节变化来分析长江口外陆架海域海流结构的季节变化，从而为三峡工程流量调节方案的设计提供某些依据。 关于长江口区及其邻近陆架海域的海流结构问题，根据实测海流资料所作的分析，迄今为止，主要限于洪水季节(即夏季)(乐肯堂，1987，1986，1984;赵保仁，1982;上海航道局设计研究所，1978;中国科学院海洋研究所，1977;华东师范大学地理系河口海岸研究室，1975,1973; Le Kentang，1986；Cannon, et al. , 1983; Beardsley et al.，1983)。长江口区枯水季节(冬季)的海流结构曾已讨论(Le Kentang, 1988)。至于春、秋两季，迄今尚未见有专题论述。本文将根据已收集到的实测余流资料(其中包括1959-1976年的资料，1980-1981年间的中美联合考察资料和1985-1986年的专题调查资料)，结合有关的水文观测资料，对本区各个季节余流的结构作一初步的分析。     

TURBULENT DIFFUSION IN A SHEARING OSCILLATORY FLOW

The diffusion in a shearing oscillatory flow from an instantaneous surface point source is considered. An analytical solution is obtained by Fourier transform. The results show thai, for three dimensional diffusion in an oscillatory flow with constant shear, the distribution of the contaminant follows the multivariate Gaussian distribution rule. When the frequency is very high, or the time very short, the shear does not influence the diffusion. For moderate values of time, there are fluctuations with longitudinal variance. For large values of time the longitudinal variance increases as t, and the peak concentration decreases as t-1.5, which are faster than those in a flow without shear, but much slower than those in a steady flow, where the longitudinal variance increases as t3 and the peak concentration decreases as t-2.5. The contaminant patch is elongated in the longitudinal direction of the shear flow and moves back and forth with the water motion.     

A THREE-DIMENSIONAL THERMOCLINE MODEL FOR THE YELLOW SEA AND NORTHERN EAST CHINA SEA

A time-dependent, three-dimensional finite difference model is presented for simulating the stratifiedYellow Sea and northem East China Sea. The mode is forced by time-dependent observed wind, surfaceflux of heat, and tidal turbulence. With this model, momentum and temperature distribution can be computed,and an approximation for the sub-grid scale effects is introduced by the use of mass and momentumexchange coefficients. The vertical exchanges are quite dependent on these assumed coefficents, whichare complicated functions of the turbulence energy of tide and wind, of the stratified strength and otherfactors. This model was applied to describe the mechanics of the variations in strength and thickness ofthe thermocline covering almost the whole Yellow Sea and northern East Chna Sea in summer. Comparisonsof the computed output with obtained survey data led to some important conclusions.     

海河口和渤海湾潮流场和COD扩散的三维数值模拟

随着我国经济建设的蓬勃发展，工农业和城市生活产生的污染物日益增多。如何处理这些污染物成了一个急待解决的问题。将污染物化有毒为无毒，当然是最彻底的办法，但这样做花费巨大，我们目前尚难做到。目前最常用的办法是将污染物排放人海。但过多的排放，超过了海洋的自净能力，就会污染海洋环境和海洋资源，进而影响人民的健康。所以，须要对污染物排放人海的方式、地点等加以选择，并对其排放人海的数量、速率等加以控制。这就要求我们了解海区对污染物的净化能力和在国家规定的标准下海区对污染物的最大容量。为了很好地解决这个问题，我们必须了解特定海区对污染物的稀释扩散起重要作用的海水运动情况。1984年5, 8, 10三个月，我们在渤海湾海河口区进行了海上调查，并结合历史资料，以COD 为指示因子，进行了渤海湾有机污染物在潮流作用下稀释扩散的数值计算。     

南黄海沉积学研究新进展——中韩联合调查

于１９９６年６￣７月开展了中韩南黄海联合调查,此次调查取得若干新进展：（１）根据沉积物颜色探讨了黄河物质的影响;（２）从东到西获得到了连续的回声测深记录;（３）首次查明了东部泥的分布特征;（４）对中部泥有了进一步的认识;（５）取得了有关悬浮物分布的的新资料;（６）揭示了东部泥形成的水动力环境。