姜提取物生物合成纳米银及其对水产病原菌抑菌性的研究

With the development of aquaculture, there is an urgent demand for an alternative antibacterial agent to reduce the drug resistance and environmental pollution caused by the abuse of antibiotics. Recently, silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs) have been viewed as a novel type of antimicrobial agents due to their unique advantages. In this study,Ag NPs were biosynthesized with the ginger rhizomes extract. The biosynthesized Ag NPs were characterised by UV–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activities of the Ag NPs were fully analyzed against six typical aquatic pathogens. The results indicated that the components in ginger extract could function as the chemical reductant to synthesize Ag NPs. Moreover, compared with the Ag NPs synthesized by chemical methods, the biosynthesized Ag NPs were smaller, and had higher stability and antibacterial activity. Therefore, the biosynthesized Ag NPs using ginger extract may have prospective applications in aquaculture.     

山楂提取物生物合成纳米银对四种常见水产病原菌的抑制作用

近年来,"绿色"生物合成纳米抑菌材料以其方法简单、价格低廉、环境友好的优势已成为纳米技术领域中的一项激动人心的发展策略。为了研究生物合成纳米银(Silver nanoparticles,Ag NPs)对水产病原菌的抑菌效果,本研究分别以山楂果实超纯水提取物和山楂乙醇提取物作为还原剂和稳定剂,采用生物合成法制备出两种纳米银抑菌材料W-Ag NPs和E-Ag NPs。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)、透射电镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等方法对合成产物的光学特性、形貌特征以及晶体结构等指标进行了比较,并采用琼脂扩散法初步检测了W-Ag NPs和E-Ag NPs对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌两种典型病原菌的抑菌活性。研究结果显示,W-Ag NPs的合成效果较为理想,它的粒径较小、更加均一,并且具有较高的抑菌活性。在此基础上,我们进一步检测了W-Ag NPs对鳗弧菌、溶藻弧菌、副溶血弧菌及点状气单胞菌等4种典型的水产病原菌的抑菌圈,并测定了其抑菌动力学曲线、最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。研究结果表明,W-Ag NPs对四种供试水产病原菌均有显著的抑菌效果,10μg/m L和20μg/m L的W-Ag NPs均对鳗弧菌的生长产生明显的抑制作用,对鳗弧菌的MIC和MBC分别为6.5μg/m L和12.9μg/m L。研究表明山楂提取物制备的纳米银抑菌剂对水产病原菌有显著的抑制和杀灭效果,在水产养殖领域中有着广阔的开发和利用前景。