高精度层序格架下的陆相断陷湖盆沉积体系演化:以南堡凹陷老爷庙地区东营组三段为例

南堡凹陷为典型的陆相断陷湖盆,凹陷北部老爷庙地区是油气勘探的重要目标区.充分利用南堡凹陷岩心、测井、三维地震等资料,运用层序地层学及沉积学理论,对南堡凹陷老爷庙地区东营组三段沉积特征及其主控因素进行了研究.结果表明,南堡凹陷老爷庙地区东三段为一完整的三级层序,主要发育扇三角洲、湖泊和浊积扇３种沉积体系类型.从低位体系域(LST)到高位体系域(HST),扇体展布范围呈现“大－小－大”的演化特点,扇三角洲沉积中心总体上由东向西迁移;区内构造活动对沉积体系的分布和演化的控制作用显著,同沉积断裂的活动性差异控制了扇体发育的规模和位置,构造坡折带控制着沉积相带纵向分异特征,构造古地貌单元的空间配置控制着沉积微相的规模和形态;在此基础上,在研究区内识别出梳状断裂式、转换带式、滚动背斜式和多级断阶式４种砂体空间分布样式,对该区沉积模式的建立和有利储集相带的预测都具有重要指导意义.      

基于PSR-WSVM模型的边坡位移预测

为建立高精度的边坡位移预测模型，采用相空间重构（PSR）将边坡位移时间序列数据转换为多维数据，同时构造小波核函数改进的支持向量机模型，建立PSR-WSVM模型并应用于边坡位移预测。将PSR-WSVM模型预测结果与传统支持向量机（SVM）模型、小波支持向量机（WSVM）模型和基于相空间重构的支持向量机（PSR-SVM）模型预测结果进行对比，通过平均绝对误差（MAE）、平均绝对误差百分比（MAPE）和均方根误差（RMSE）3个精度评价指标验证PSR-WSVM模型的可行性。工程实例结果表明，PSR-WSVM模型预测结果的3个精度评价指标都优于另外3种模型，边坡位移预测的精度明显提升。     

新疆和田地区耕地面源污染生态风险评价

随着化肥、农膜等在农业生产中的过量投入，耕地面源污染的程度随之加重。文章选取塔里木河流域上游和田地区为研究区域，依据P-S-R框架理论，构建和田地区耕地面源污染生态风险评价指标体系，加入土壤理化数据，使用生态风险评价模型对和田地区1980 年及2016 年耕地面源污染状况进行生态风险评价，运用耕地生态风险模型、生态风险转移矩阵、Arcgis分析和田地区耕地面源污染时空分异状况。研究结论如下：和田地区1980 年耕地生态风险等级均为II级或III级，呈“中间高，两侧低”分布；2016 年耕地生态风险等级上升至IV级或V级，呈“倒W型”分布，各县耕地面源污染程度较1980 年均有较大幅度的上升，其中墨玉县和于田县在2016 年耕地生态风险等级达到最高的V级，而民丰县因自身生态环境的强脆弱性，同样需要提高关注。根据面源污染“从源头治理”的原则，应切实推进和田地区耕地生态环境保护与治理，提高政府重视程度，增强技术指导，开展试点工作，改善和田地区耕地面源污染现状。     

饲料中添加凝结芽孢杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长、血清非特异性免疫指标及抗病力的影响

通过42天饲喂添加有不同浓度凝结芽孢杆菌(Bacillus coagulans)NJ1701(5.0×10~9、1.0×10~(10)、5.0×10~(10)和1.0×10~(11)cfu/kg)的对虾饲料,研究凝结芽孢杆菌对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)幼虾生长、血清非特异性免疫指标和对副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)抗病力的影响。研究表明:各组对虾的成活率均在90%以上,各处理组间差异不显著(P0.05)。与对照组相比,各处理组凡纳滨对虾的体重、特定生长率、饲料效率和表观消化率均显著提高(P0.05),其中以凝结芽孢杆菌添加浓度5.0×10~9~1.0×10~(10)cfu/kg时效果较佳。不同凝结芽孢杆菌添加浓度对对虾血清非特异性免疫酶活性影响的差异较大。其中,1.0×10~(10)cfu/kg添加浓度下,对虾血清中溶菌酶(LSZ)、总一氧化氮合酶(TNOS)和诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活性显著高于对照组(P0.05),而5.0×10~(10)cfu/kg添加浓度下,对虾血清的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著高于其他处理组和对照组(P0.05)。添加凝结芽孢杆菌不影响血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,血清iNOS活性则随添加浓度的提高而升高,以1.0×10~(11)cfu/kg添加水平下最高。副溶血弧菌攻毒后,5.0×10~9和1.0×10~(11)cfu/kg处理组(分别为40.0%和13.3%)对虾累计死亡率显著低于对照组(66.7%)(P0.05),但1.0×10~(10)和5.0×10~(10)cfu/kg处理组(53.3%)与对照组差异不大(P0.05)。各处理组间比较,以1.0×10~(11)cfu/kg处理组对虾累积死亡率最低。研究结果表明,饲喂凝结芽孢杆菌可有效促进凡纳滨对虾的生长,提高其血清非特异性免疫水平和对副溶血弧菌的抗病力。以特定生长率为评价指标,凝结芽孢杆菌的适宜添加量为1.0×10~(10)cfu/kg。     

跟类星体红移宇宙学解释相符合的证据

分析类星体吸收线红移和发射线红移的特征。我们从Hewitt和Burbidge（1993）的星表中选择了吸收线红称和发射线红移都同时提供的类星体，得到了包含401个对象的样本。这是至今对类星体红移研究的最大样本。我们从吸收线红移和发射线红移之间的关系图发现绝大多数（93．6％）对象的吸收线红移都小于相应的发射线红移。这个结论人们在20世纪70年代已经从很小的类星体样本（样本大小50左右）中得到。本文进一步支持了这个结论。它表明类星体红移确实是距离的指示器。这跟宇宙学对类星体红移的解释是一致的。     

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE FLOODING AND DROUGHT CLAMITY DURING PAST 1500 YEARS IN THE HAI′AN REGION，JIANGSU PROVINCE

Collection and arrangement of the historical records of climatic changes and environment evolution,espectial-lyin the aspect of calamities,are made on the history documents of past 1500 years about Haiˊan region,Jiangsu Province.There existed two obvious flooding-drought frequently-occurring periods:one was from 1550 AD to 1850 AD and another was 100 AD to 1200AD.The period of 1550 AD to1850 AD is interrupted by two relatively arid and cold climatic periods:one was from 1630 AD to 1700 AD and another was 1750 AD to 1820 AD.The main characteristic of the calamity periods is that they occurred by turns,and sometimes,both drought and flooding occurred in the same year.The instability of the climatic changes in the Little Ice Age may be the main reason of the frequently-occurring flooding and drought in Haiˊan region.Research results also show that the frequently-occurring periods of flooding and drought is in close relationship with the solar activity,and therefore,occurrence of the flooding and drought may be in relation with the intensity of the solar activity.This hypothesis may need further study in the future.     

A STUDY ON LAND SYSTEM INNOVATIONS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SMALL TOWNS IN CHINA

The economic development in China and the rising of the living standard need to speed up the urbanisa-tion.The development of small towns is an important way to Chinese urbanization.Land use plays a very important role in the development of small towns.However there are many problems in the development of small towns,esp.in land use.The paper first discusses the land problems in the development of small towns.Such as much cultivated land lies idle,under-utilization and waste of land,increasing illegal use of land,unstable contractural relationship for land use.The relationship between the development of small towns and land use is also studied.Then the guidelines for the land system innovations of small towns are put forward.Namely the sustainability of social and economic development,the bal-ance between land reservation and land utilization,the provision of service to village ,agriculture and farmer,the manage-ment of land resource and land assets,the parsimonious andlegal use of land.The basic framework of land system innova-tions of small towns is put forward finally.It include the land replacement policy for small towns and the permanent tenan-cy of farmland,the overall plan for land uses and other plans in harmony,the establishment of a flexible system of land supplies,using land with payments ,the transfer of agricultural land and refining the land law related to the construction of small towns.     

A CASE STUDY ON CONCENTRATION AND DECENTRALIZATION：BEHAVIOR AND DYNAMIC MECHANISM OF SPATIAL EVOLUTION IN METROPOLITAN AREA，NANJING，CHINA

In rapid socio-economic development,the process of concentration and dispersal of various elements tends to be more dramatic,tremendously influencing the shaping and transformation of the space in metropolitan area.Survey of spatial concentration and decentralization has thus become a basic method in examining metropolitan spatial evolution.In this research,three elements were selected as the essential indicators of the process:demographic density distribu-tion,employment density distribution and business office location.Performance of these elements in Nanjing City was exam-ined historically.As Nanjing City could be regarded as a representative of metropolitan areas in China,its situation large-ly suggestes the general characteristics in similar areas of China.Hence based on the investigation of Nanjing City,four general implications were highlighted.First ,metropolitan areas in China are in a violent process and shift of spatial concentra-tion and decentralization.Second,from now to at least the near future,concentration will continue to be the central fea-ture.Third,the landscape of metropolitan areas basically exhibits a dual structure character.The gap in environmental and ecological qualities among different districts will continue for a long time.Fourth,Central Business District (CBD) is playing an important role in helping to convert the traditionally single-centered city structure into a polycentric one.     

Variability of Soft X—ray Spectral Shape in Blazars Observed by ROSAT

1 INTRODUCTION Blazars, including BL Lac objects, highly polarized and optically violently variable quasars,and flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), are characterized by highly variable non-thermalemission which dominates their characteristics from radio to y-ray bands. The mechanismbelieved to be responsible for their broadband emission is synchrotron radiation followed by in-verse Compton (IC) scattering at higher energies (e.g. Blandford & Konigl 1979). Relativisticbeaming of a jet…