黑龙江七星河含煤盆地古近纪-新近纪沉积相及层序地层特征

黑龙江省东部七星河盆地是一新生代聚煤盆地,其含煤地层为古近系宝泉岭组、新近系富锦组。宝泉岭组由各级砂岩、泥岩、炭质泥岩以及褐煤组成,发育滨浅湖相、深-半深湖相、三角洲平原相,属于湖泊沉积体系、三角洲沉积体系。富锦组主要由泥岩、粉砂岩、中砂岩、含砾粗砂岩及煤层、炭质泥岩、硅藻岩组成,发育滨浅湖相、扇三角洲平原相,分别属于湖泊沉积体系和扇三角洲沉积体系。层序SI相当于宝泉岭组,发育低位体系域、湖侵体系域和高位体系域,煤层主要发育高位体系域中后期,成煤环境以滨浅湖淤积沼泽为主。层序SII相当于富锦组,主要发育湖侵体系域、高位体系域,局部地区发育低位体系域,煤层亦主要发育高位体系域中后期,成煤环境以扇三角洲淤积沼泽和滨浅湖淤积沼泽为主。层序SI、SII的高位体系域中后期,盆地基底沉降速率和物源供给处于相对平衡状态,主要发育了扇三角洲淤积沼泽、滨浅湖和滨浅湖淤积沼泽环境,发育可采煤层。     

气测录井在页岩气勘查中的应用——以潍北凹陷昌页参1井为例

潍北凹陷是昌潍坳陷的次一级凹陷盆地,也是传统油气开采区。潍北凹陷孔店组二段沉积了较厚的暗色泥岩、泥页岩,多为良好的烃源岩,也是凹陷内页岩气的主要生、储层位。通过分析昌页参1井气测录井数据,并结合现场解析实验数据,系统阐述了应用录井采集数据综合判别油气层的方法,以及该方法在实际油、气层判别中的应用情况。研究表明,利用该方法可对页岩气富集层段含油气情况作出较为准确的判断。     

一种基于小波变换的波达方向估计方法

通过利用最大重叠离散小波变换对信号进行预处理,以减小噪声的功率,从而提高信噪比,使传统的波达估计方法在低信噪比情况下也能正常使用;所用的小波变换方法不要求数据长度为2的整数次方,且具有移位不变性,使得该方法的实用性更强;最后,通过数字仿真试验验证该方法的有效性。     

页岩气现场解析气量影响因素探讨—以潍北凹陷昌页参1井为例

潍北凹陷是昌潍坳陷的次一级凹陷盆地,也是传统油气开采区,潍北凹陷孔店组二段沉积了较厚的暗色泥岩、泥页岩、油页岩,多为良好的烃源岩,也是潍北凹陷内页岩气的主要生、储层位。通过分析昌页参1井现场解析实验数据,探讨了潍北凹陷孔店组二段地层损失气量、损失时间、样品深度、样品岩性等与解析气量的对应关系。分析现场解析实验数据发现,样品的损失气量大于解析气量,两者的变化趋势基本一致;深度相近、岩性相同时,解析气量随着损失时间的增长而减小,深度相近时,泥岩解析气量大于粉砂质泥岩;岩性相同时,解析气量随深度的增加而增加,增速随深度的增加而减小。     

An anionic biopolymer γ-polyglutamate enhanced the microbially induced carbonate precipitation for soil improvement: mechanical behaviors and underlying mechanism

The use of biopolymer to improve the performance of microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP)-treated sands is a novel and eco-friendly concept. This work found an anionic biopolymer, γ-polyglutamate (γ-PGA), could significantly improve the performance of MICP-treated sands. Comparing the control with absence of γ-PGA, the concentration of 0.1–9 g/L γ-PGA increased the compressive strength of MICP-treated sands by 1.54–3.96 times and significantly reduced the brittleness. The MICP process analysis and microstructural detection demonstrated that γ-PGA in the specimens provided many nucleation sites and templates for calcite generation, partially kept the bacterial urease activity by replacement of the bacteria as nucleation sites, thereby improving the calcite generation. The γ-PGA also cemented sand grains with calcite through the hydrogen bond-type intermolecular interactions. Both the calcite generation and the hydrogen bond-type intermolecular interactions by γ-PGA played vital roles in enhancing MICP for soil improvement. Additionally, γ-PGA, as a viscoelastic admixture between the crystals and sand grains, effectively dissipated the energy of stress and thus reduced the brittleness of MICP-treated sands. This is the first report on the application of anionic biopolymer to MICP technology. It provides a novel concept in promoting the efficiency and sustainability of MICP.

     

综合物探方法在铁矿采空区勘查中的应用

介绍了一个高精度磁测、高密度电法和CSAMT法(可控源音频大地电磁)在山东省济南市铁矿采空区勘查中的应用实例,首先在工区内进行高精度磁测圈定磁异常区域,然后在异常区域内采用高密度电法和CSAMT法对采空区进行探测。120 m深度范围内采用高密度电法,100～200 m深度范围内采用CSAMT法探测。研究总结了铁矿采空区勘探中取得的实际地质效果,主要研究结果有:①依据地层磁性和电性差异划分了闪长岩侵入界面。②较准确地圈定了采空区的分布范围。后期进行了钻探验证,结果较吻合,为综合治理工作的开展提供了基础性资料。