Monotonic and cyclic characteristics of K0-Consolidated saturated soft clay under a stress path involving a variable confining pressure

In certain field conditions such as offshore projects under wave loads or embankments under traffic loads, both the vertical and horizontal stresses are variable. However, previous investigations rarely considered the variation in horizontal stress. To better understand the characteristics of natural saturated soft clay, a series of monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests with a K₀-consolidation state were carried out under a variable confining pressure (VCP) stress path. The development of axial strain, pore water pressure and effective stress path is analysed. The results show that with the increase in η (the ratio of the variation in the mean effective principal stress to that of the deviatoric stress), the undrained shear strength (q_f) decreases continuously. The pore water pressure generation is slightly improved under a stress path with increasing confining pressure. Based on the test results, a unified formula was established to predict the pore water pressure under VCP stress paths. The unique p–q–e relationship of normally consolidated clay in monotonic VCP triaxial tests was also demonstrated. Under VCP stress paths, the amplitude of the pore pressure increases, and the effective stress path tilts more sharply to the right. Moreover, a unified formula was established that can provide a good reference for predicting effective stress paths under cyclic VCP triaxial tests.

     

地下水水动力弥散问题中弥散度的单孔确定方法研究

本文提出了利用单孔进行弥散实验,确定地下水含水层弥散度的新方法,给出了数学模型、求解过程及方法。提出了用计算机自动处理求得最佳参数的直线回归法与非线性迭代法相结合的方法。不但进行了理论上的详细推导,而且通过实例进行了验证,结果很好。本文提出的方法原理通俗易懂,计算过程简单,易于实行,成本低,具有重要实际意义。     

裂隙岩石介质中核素迁移的模型及其算子分裂、迎风、均衡格式

建立了放射性核素在裂隙岩石介质中迁移的双重介质模型,对模型的求解提出了一种新的数值方法—Galerkin有限元法与算子分裂、迎风、均衡格式相结合的新方法,给出了水质模型算子分裂、迎风、均衡格式的稳定性条件,且所得到的计算格式是非负的。最后通过对核素90Sr 100年、99Tc 1000年的预测计算,验证了本文所提方法的有效性和稳定性,并得出了一些有重要意义的结论。     

Genetic variability of half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis populations using microsatellite markers

Ten highly variable microsatellite loci were performed in order to evaluate the genetic variability of wild and hatchery samples of half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis. A group of 200 genotypes belonging to four wild samples, Laizhou (LZ), Weihai (WH), Qingdao (QD), Rizhao (RZ) and one hatchery sample, Mingbo (MB), were screened. All of the ten microsatellite loci screened in this study showed marked polymorphism. A total of 70 different alleles were observed over all loci. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4.2 to 10.6. The average of expected and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.67 to 0.82, and from 0.77 to 0.87, respectively. A total of 10, 16, 10, 11 and 5 unique alleles each were found in LZ, WH, QD, RZ and MB populations. The effective number of alleles varied from 2.87 for HSTS_7 to 6.83 for HSTS-h. The number of average genotypes ranged from 6.0 for HSTS_a to 15.4 for HSTS_h. As compared with the wild populations, the hatchery population, MB, showed significant genetic changes such as fewer alleles per locus (P <0.05), a smaller number of low frequency alleles (P <0.05), a small number of unique alleles and a small number of genotypes (P <0.05), all indicative of a reduction in genetic diversity.     

三维地震勘探综合解释技术在探测3煤层中的应用

七五煤矿是枣庄矿业集团旗下主要生产煤矿,地质条件比较复杂,不仅断层较发育,而且主采3煤层存在冲刷、沉缺、采空区和岩浆岩侵入等地质现象,对下一步巷道及工作面布置造成很大影响,北七采区为七五煤矿接续采区,急需查明区内地质构造及煤层赋存状况,通过采用常规地震时间剖面及地震属性综合解释技术,结合钻探资料查明了区内3煤层上述地质现象的赋存边界,后期巷道揭露与三维地震解释结果吻合度较好,取得了较好的应用效果。     

斑岩铜矿床研究进展

斑岩铜矿不但形成于环太平洋成矿域,还形成于特提斯成矿域和中亚成矿域（古亚洲洋成矿域）。成矿物质来源于深部,经过“洋壳一地幔熔岩流”、“原始岩浆”、“浅部富矿岩浆”和“岩浆结晶一成矿”4个阶段,其中在“原始弧岩浆”阶段,通过MASH过程,有大量成矿物质和能量的聚集。成矿流体为富H2O、高温、高压、高盐度、强氧化性、高氧逸度的富矿气液相流体,这些特点有利于成矿物质在岩浆一热液分离过程中向流体富集,并以氯络合物的形式运移。随着成矿流体的上侵,温度和压力的降低是成矿物质沉淀的主要影响因素。磁铁矿的结晶为成矿流体提供了大量的S2-离子,也是导致成矿物质沉淀的主要因素。斑岩型蚀变带从里向外为石英内核、钾化带、SCC带和泥化带,铜矿化主要发育在矿化带外围以及SCC带。目前,斑岩铜矿成矿模型主要有经典模型、系统模型和多阶段叠加模型。     

风场预报客观释用的方法

文章介绍了数值预报提供的风场格点资料在客观预报软件中的释用方法,主要从资料处理、天气系统判断、涡旋度判断、急流判断、地面锋区判断及稳定度判断等方面作了详细阐述。为风场预报的客观释用作了较好的总结,在业务科研开发中具有一定的实用价值。     

水环境中三氮转化的化学动力学规律及其在环境评价中的应用

在对“三氮”转化动力学规律进行总结分析、论证的基础上,建立了地表水和地下潜水环境中的“三氮”转化运移数学模型、通过理论—实验—应用三个环节,提出了一套水环境中氮污染的评价与研究的工作方法和程序。     

Application of AFLP markers for population genetic study on half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis

The genetic diversity of wild and hatchery populations of half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis, based on observation of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was described. Two hundred individuals from four wild populations, Laizhou (LZ), Weihai (WH), Qingdao (QD), Rizhao (RZ), and one hatchery population, Mingbo (MB), were screened using eight different AFLP primer combinations. A total of 384 loci were screened in the five studied populations. 48.4%, 51.3%, 50.7%, 49.3% and 45.8% of these loci were polymorphic among the individuals tested in the LZ, WH, QD, RZ and MB populations, respectively. The number of polymorphic loci detected by single primer combinations ranged from 17 to 35. The average heterozygosity of the LZ, WH, QD, RZ and MB populations was 0.072, 0.093, 0.092, 0.090 and 0.063, respectively. The WH population showed the highest genetic diversity in terms of total number of AFLP bands, total number of polymorphic bands, average heterozygosity and percentage of low frequency (0-0.2) polymorphic loci among all the populations, while the LZ population was the lowest among the wild populations. Compared with the wild populations, the hatchery population showed a low genetic viability.