RESISTIVITY TYPE CURVES OVER OUTCROPPING VERTICAL DYKE—II *

The theoretical horizontal resistivity profiles Over an outcropping vertical dyke with two-electrode and Schlumberger electrode systems are discussed. The two-electrode array seems very useful in locating the highly conducting thick or thin vein, while the Schlumberger (gradient) array is suited to detect the conducting vein of low and moderately high resistivity contrast and as well as the resistive vein of all widths and resistivity contrasts. Besides, the inline gradient array has a distinction of establishing a clue to evaluate the resistivity contrast of the vein.     

A NUMERICAL METHOD TO COMPUTE THE RESISTIVITY TRANSFORM FROM WENNER SOUNDING DATA*

A numerical technique to compute the resistivity transform directly from the observed Wenner sounding data has been developed. In principle, the procedure is based on a decomposition method and consists of two steps: the first step determines a function that approximates the apparent resistivity data and the second step transforms this function into the corresponding kernel by an analytical operation. The proposed method is tested on some theoretical master curves. A high degree of precision is achieved with very little computer time. The applicability is shown on two field examples.     

EFFECT OF VERTICAL CONTACT ON WENNER RESISTIVITY SOUNDINGS*

The allowance for the influence of a vertical contact is evaluated on Wenner resistivity sounding curves, which are graphically constructed on bilogarithmic paper over simple composite earth models consisting of a vertical contact separating two- or three layered earth on one side and a homogeneous medium on the other side. The error incurred in the graphical constructions is explored. Finally, the use of these graphically constructed sounding curves is shown in the interpretation of two Wenner field soundings measured in a complex geologic area.     

DIRECT INTERPRETATION OF TWO-ELECTRODE RESISTIVITY SOUNDINGS *

This paper describes the procedure for interpreting the apparent resistivity data measured with the two-electrode array directly with the help of kernel function. The calculation of kernel function from the observed resistivity curve is done by the method of decomposition. In the method of decomposition the resistivity curve is approximated by a sum of certain functions, whose choice is only restricted by the requirement that the contribution to the kernel function corresponding to them should be easily computable. A few such functions are classified. These, and the standard curves for corresponding kernel functions obtained by utilising an integral expression for two-electrode array expressing the kernel explicitly in terms of the apparent resistivity functions, are plotted on log-log scale. The determination of layer parameters, that is, the layer resistivities and thicknesses from the kernel function can be carried out by a method proposed by Pekeris (1940).     

RESISTIVITY TYPE CURVES OVER OUTCROPPING VERTICAL DYKE—I *

The theoretical horizontal resistivity profiles over an outcropping vertical dyke for various parameters-electrode spacing, vein-width and resistivity contrast—with inline alpha, beta and gamma-Wenner electrode systems are described. The resistivity profiles present a most bewildering variety of shapes as compared to those in resistivity soundings. The analysis of type curves suggests suitable electrode configuration for detection of wide, moderately wide, and thin veins. The negative apparent resistivity values on the gamma anomalies for resistive vein over certain vein-widths of higher positive values of resistivity reflection factor contradict the concept of apparent resistivity hitherto held.