利用卫星长波长地球物理位场对东亚地区深部结构的研究

有研究表明从中国北部经黄海、朝鲜半岛、日本海至日本本州岛存在一个大型断裂带,被称为“北纬40°断裂带”.为了验证该断裂带的存在性,本文通过GRACE和CHAMP卫星的位场数据中的大尺度区域重力和磁力异常来研究该区的大型构造特征.区域性研究范围为24°N~56°N,90°E~150°E,详细研究范围为32°N~42°N,122°E~132°E.2008年Taylor等利用CHAMP卫星2005年6月至12月收集的轨道数据,从测量数据中消除地核和外部产生磁场效应,经化磁极之后得到磁异常图,从中来追踪构造特征,并根据地质和地球物理资料建立了数学模型来进行解释.本文在此基础上,增加了GRACE卫星2003年10月份测量的重力异常场数据.实测差分位场数据利用高斯-勒让德求积法转换为垂向重力异常值,通过减去最新地球重力场模型（EGM96）的场值来去除波长超过1100 km的长波长异常,所得的重力异常数据和磁场数据进行比较.为了能从中得到研究区的共同构造特征,建立一个球面棱柱模型进行正演模拟、并进行重、磁异常场的波数相关性分析.研究发现在重、磁异常中均发现一个呈负相关的纬向构造特征,东亚地区“北纬40°断裂带”横穿了整个朝鲜半岛.     

Structural control of volcanic ore deposits in the context of global tectonics

Structural control of the deposition of endogenic ores, among which the ores of volcanic affinity play an important role, has been studied by the author in several regions of four continents. Correlation of the results has revealed that generally there is a repetition of four sets of ore-controlling basement fracture zones. All the four sets of basement fracture zones are not always well developed in the sub-surface level and in the morphology of a region, and some of them usually play a dominant role depending on the geological development of the territory (Table 1). The strike of the ore-controlling basement fractures and their distribution have shown similarities with the pattern of fractures distribution in the floor of the adjoining oceans in three of the studied areas. The most important feature is the joint development of east-west trending fracture zones in both the oceanic areas and the basement of continental areas. One of these zones, defined as the «Fourty-north Fracture Zone » has been traced for a considerable distance on a global scale, the Mendocino fracture zone being considered as its prolongation. The results do not exclude the possibility of a continental drift in some areas, but require the presence of a rigid layer with a rather uniform global fracture pattern existing in the period before rifting and drifting apart of the plates.     

地壳破裂型式和幔根构造间断面形成的成矿控制(英文)

尽管地壳最上部的构造、岩性和地球化学条件控制着内生金属矿床的就位,然而最大量金属富集的地点和空间分布却常被幔根构造间断面（ｍａｎｔｌｅ ｒｏｏｔｅｄｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｄｉｓｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｉｔｙ）所控制。这些构造间断面延长几百到几千ｋｍ,这表明它们是在比地壳最上部更为均质环境的应力分布下产生的。这些构造间断面与其它的近于垂直的深部构造的交切面界定了主要的岩石圈块体并提供了热、岩浆和成矿流体上升的通道。金属趋向于富集在这些块体的角上,以及构造间断面与板块边缘、裂谷构造或造山带的穿插部位。对上述组合型式的幔根构造间断面和它们在地表地质投影的识别,可确定金属聚集有较大潜力的靶区。文章还提供了来自不同地质环境的实例。     

Zur Frage der kristallchemischen und typochemischen Elemente

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Lithospheric plate motions — One of the factors controlling distribution of ore deposits in some mineral belts

Determination of paleolatitudes of ore deposits, based on the reconstruction of lithospheric plate motions and the absolute ages of deposits, provides a basis for a new kind of space-time analysis of structural control of ore deposition. Such analysis shows that the formation of two ore deposits of different ages, each occurring at a different latitude along a north-south trend within a mineral belt, may be controlled by the same transversal fracture zone in the substratum underlying the lithospheric plate if rotation of the plate took place in the time-span between the formation of the two ore deposits (Fig. 3). This mechanism controlling ore deposition has been elucidated using a model which assumes horizontal movement of lithospheric plates on a mobile layer that originated within solid basement that is penetrated by a system of fracture zones. The distribution of porphyry copper deposits of the Andes mineral belt is used to study this process.