Facets of the geography of population in the Midwest

"This paper explores four selected facets of the geography of population in the [U.S.] Midwest that are related to the movement of people: (1) the spread of occupance across the land; (2) the growth of the population of counties once they had been occupied; (3) the distribution of the foreign-born population; and (4) the distribution of retired people who have migrated after they have retired."     

Measurement of DNA single-strand breaks in gill and hemolymph cells of mussels, Mytilus sp., collected on the French Atlantic Coast

DNA single-strand breaks were measured by the comet assay in both gill and hemolymph cells of mussels collected in 3 sampling areas of the French coast (Pointe du Castelli, Pen Bron and Saint-Nazaire Harbour). Whole mussel tissue samples were also collected for the chemical determination of PAH, PCB and heavy metal concentrations. In mussel, a higher level of DNA strand breaks was measured in gill than in hemolymph cells (p < 0.01). Despite a factor of contamination from 2 to 3 between sites, no difference in the extent of mussel DNA strand breaks was shown between sampling locations (p > 0.05), questioning the sensitivity of the assays used in biomonitoring studies.     

分布式空间数据库安全机制探讨

伴随着空间数据量与应用需求的急剧增长,传统基于单节点的空间数据库服务模式向分布式集群服务模式扩展,面临新的安全问题。本文梳理了空间数据库安全的概念及其发展现状,分析了分布式空间数据库的安全特性及空间信息服务过程中分布式空间数据库集群面临的安全挑战,提出了统一安全管理模式下"通信加密—身份认证—权限管理—数据加密—安全审计"全流程分布式地理空间信息服务安全框架,对分布式空间数据库安全的发展有一定的借鉴意义。     

北美斑岩矿床的某些时空分布特征

斑岩矿床可能是北美研究最深入的一类矿床.但是,正如对斑岩岩浆及有关金属的来源一样,对地幔、俯冲、洋壳、大陆壳、前寒武纪克拉通的作用还存在着争论.矿床空间分布的有关方面,比如斑岩矿区相对于克拉通的位置值得注意.美国的斑岩矿床分布于克拉通上,而加拿大的则远离克拉通位于增生地体内.矿床之间的时间联系同样要注意.在美国西南部,许多铜矿的平均年龄为65Ma,而钼矿为25Ma;在蒙大拿州和爱达荷州中部,钼矿床平均年龄为55Ma,而蒙大拿Butte铜矿为75Ma.加拿大斑岩矿化的主要成矿期为:Cu200~175Ma和90~20Ma;Mo60~50Ma.不列颠哥伦比亚省中部的两个钼矿形成于140Ma和102Ma.总之,加拿大的Cu、Mo矿平均年龄明显早于在     

Delineating depth to bedrock beneath shallow unconfined aquifers: a gravity transect across the Palmer River Basin

In view of the increasing demand on ground water supplies in the northeastern United States, it is imperative to develop appropriate methods to geophysically characterize the most widely used sources of ground water in the region: shallow unconfined aquifers consisting of well-sorted, stratified glacial deposits laid down in bedrock valleys and channels. The gravity method, despite its proven value in delineating buried bedrock valleys elsewhere, is seldom used by geophysical contractors in this region. To demonstrate the method's effectiveness for evaluating such aquifers, a pilot study was undertaken in the Palmer River Basin in southeastern Massachusetts. Because bedrock is so shallow beneath this aquifer (maximum depth is 30 m), the depth-integrated mass deficiency of the overlying unconsolidated material was small, so that the observed gravity anomaly was on the order of 1 milligal (mGal) or less. Thus data uncertainties were significant. Moreover, unlike previous gravity studies elsewhere, we had no a priori information on the density of the sediment. Under such circumstances, it is essential to include model constraints and weighted least-squares in the inversion procedure. Among the model constraints were water table configuration, bedrock outcrops, and depth to bedrock from five water wells. Our procedure allowed us to delineate depth to bedrock along a 3.5 km profile with a confidence interval of 1.8 m at a nominal depth of 17 m. Moreover, we obtained a porosity estimate in the range of 39% to 44%. Thus the gravity method, with appropriate refinements, is an effective tool for the reconnaissance of shallow unconfined aquifers.     

微机窗口系统的一种实现方法

本文开发的弹出式窗口系统和下拉式菜单系统,具有显示速度快、通用性好、移植性强的特点。全部程序在VGA/EGA的PC机上调试通过,取得了较为满意的效果。笔者愿提供大家广为利用。