A HYDROECOLOGICAL STUDY OF EUTROPHIC YONGDING RESERVOIR

The water quality of Yongding Reservoir was evaluated by using aquatic ecological techniques combinedwith chemical and physical methods.Of the 14 biological,chemical and physical parameters examined inthis study,10,including primary productivity and chlorophyll a.were found to exceed the critical levelsfor eutrophic waters.Most of the indicators and Carlson's Comprehensive Trophic State Index(TST)indi-ces indicated that the water quality of the western side of the reservoir was worse than that of the easternside.Polluted water from the Yongding River was considered a main source of pollutants in the reser-voir,while the farming of carp in net cages also contributed to the low water quality.A comparison ofthe water quality data in 1982 and 1988 indicated that the rate of eutrophication of Yongding Reservoir was alarming.     

基坑围护结构增量计算法的改进

就围护桩（或围护墙）加内支撑这一基坑支护形式而言,基于弹性地基梁理论的增量法是其围护结构内力和变形计算的常用方法。合理计算荷载增量是该方法实施的关键之一。目前,该法的荷载增量主要由土压力增量和挖除土体弹性抗力释放的反力增量两部分组成。根据弹性地基梁和增量法的基本原理,结合基坑施工过程,综合分析得出：荷载增量除上述两部分外,还应包括开挖面以下土体因开挖面下降、水平抗力系数降低而引起的土体弹性抗力部分释放的反力增量;开挖面以下围护桩（或围护墙）任意点的这部分反力增量等于该点在上一工况下的侧向位移与开挖侧土体水平抗力系数的比例系数m和本工况挖除土体厚度的乘积。工程实例理论计算结果和实测结果的对比分析表明,与传统增量法相比,采用改进增量法,围护桩（或围护墙）侧向位移的计算值与实测值更加接近,计算结果更加符合工程实际。