深部碳酸盐岩油气生成和保存的特征及其模拟实验研究

塔里木盆地具有地温梯度低和油气藏埋藏深度大的特点，深埋引起的高压利于油藏保存，7000ｍ的地层温度＜１６５℃，低于通常认为石油形成温度上限，油藏保存的深可以达到7000ｍ。铁岭灰岩高温高压模拟实验表明，高压抑制油向气转化。塔里木盆地古生界海相碳酸盐岩晚期二次生烃使生油窗延伸至Ｒｏ１.５%。     

有机质演化与沉积矿床成因(Ⅰ)--油气成因与评价

沉积岩石中广泛分布有一定数量的有机质,它们与许多重要的沉积矿产在成因上有着密切的联系。有机体进入沉积物之后,在沉积岩成岩作用的过程中发生了一系列的变化,即有机质演化。有机质演化影响到一些沉积矿产,如石油、天然气、煤、煤成烃类以及某些层控金属矿床的形成与勘探评价。作者试图根据我所有机地球化学与沉积地球化学研究室近年来部分研究结果与兄弟单位的资料,从有机质演化观点出发探讨这些沉积矿产的成因。     

Characteristics and Applications of Fluid Inclusions in the Eogene System of the Biyang Depression—I.A Fluid Inclusion Study

Presented in this paper are the rypes,salinities,homogenization temperatures and organic components of fluid inclusions formed at the four stages of diagenetic authigenesis in the Eogene of the Biyang Depression.The results of cooling experiments on fluid inclusions were used to determine the fluid system and composition of saline aqueous solution in each of the stages .The homogenization temperatures of saline aqueous solution inclusions and hydrocarbon organic inclu-sions have been corrected by two approaches ,and the trapping temperatures and pressures of fluid inclusions at each of the stages have been obtained.This strdy has shed light on the physicochemistry and evolution of diagenetic fluids.The diagentic fluid system is a system which was transformed from a chloride-bearing to a carbonate-bearing system along with the diagenic evolu-tion.The decrease of diagenetic temperature at Stage III of diagenetic authigenesis suggests that the depression would have experiences uplifting at that time.The fluorescent characteristics of fluid inclusions indicate the varieties of organic components in fluid inclusions both in time and in space.     

泌阳凹陷下第三系流体包裹体特征及其应用——Ⅰ.流体包裹体研究

本文研究了泌阳凹陷下第三系四期成岩自生矿物中流体包裹体的类型、盐度、温度和有机组分等性质。由冷冻法确定各期包裹体中盐水溶液的体系和组成,用两种方法对各期盐水溶液包裹体和烃有机包裹体的均一温度进行压力校正获得包裹体捕获温度和压力。包裹体研究结果反映了泌阳凹陷成岩流体的物理化学条件,随成岩演化,成岩流体由氯化物型转变为碳酸盐型;第三期矿物形成时成岩温度降低反映了凹陷的上升作用。包裹体的荧光特征表明包裹体的有机组分在时间和空间上的变化。     

Experimental Study on Hydrocarbon Formation Due to Reactions Between Carbonates and Water or Water—Bearing Minerals in Deep Earth

In order to investigate the mechanism of formation of abiogenetic hydrocarbons at the depth of the Earth,experimental research on reactions between carbonates and water or waterbearing minerals was carried out at the pressure of about 1GPa and the temperature range of 800-1500℃.The reactions took place in an open and nonequilibrium state.Chromatographic analyses of the gas products indicate that in the experiments there were generated CH4-dominated hydrocarbons,along with some CO2 and CO.Accordingly,we think there is no essential distinction between free-state water and hydroxy in the minerals in the process of hydrocarbon formation.This study indicates that reactions between carbonates and water or water-bearing minerals should be an important factor leading to the formation of abiogenetic hydrocarbons at the Earth‘s depth.     

西藏南部Cenomanian-Turonian缺氧事件:有机地球化学研究

基于藏南中白垩统Ｃｅｎｏｍａｎｉａｎ－Ｔｕｒｏｎｉａｎ缺氧事件沉积的有机地球化学分析,对黑色页岩的有机质输入及其沉积环境进行了系统研究,并探讨了特征生物标志化合物与缺氧事件之间的关系。研究表明,缺氧层内高含量有机碳的黑色页岩与灰绿色页岩、泥灰岩构成二级旋回地层;有机质的母质输入以海洋生物的菌藻类为主。生物标志物与缺氧事件对应研究表明,Ｐｒ／Ｐｈ在剖面上的相对含量是判别氧化还原的良好指标,胡萝卜烷含     

P/E界线全球事件在西藏定日地区的响应

生物群、沉积物和有机地球化学变化显示，古新统－始新统（P／E）界线全球事件在西藏南部定日（东特提期残留海低纬度浅水）地区存在明显响应：古新统宗浦组顶部有孔虫动物群的属、种绝灭率分别为87％和94％，始新统遮普惹组底部有孔虫属、种新生率分别达80％和69％；岩层以（生物滩相）薄－中层向厚层－块状生物灰岩转化，泥质含量增加；典型生物标志经合物参数变化明显，Pr／17比值平均从0．365增加到0．86，Ph／18由0．56变为0．92，β／17由12．843剧增到123．17，γ／17由2．46突变为29．5。结合西藏及邻区岩相分布、接触关系后认为，这种全球地质事件的响应在研究区可能是一种古海洋事件，可能由大洋环流（古水团）变化引起。     

塔里木盆地晶包有机质的地球化学性质及其应用

塔里木盆地晶包有机质的地球化学性质及其应用范善发，周中毅，解启来，潘长春（中国科学院广州地球化学研究所．广州５１０６４０）关键词晶包有机质，塔里木盆地，二次生烃，生物标志物碳酸盐岩的可溶有机质主要为沥青Ａ和晶包有机质，前者是用溶剂抽提碳酸盐岩样品获得...