21世纪初期河南地质找矿战略理论与技术方法

本文概述了新、老矿区的战略找矿方向和基础理论找矿模式,提出测试、钻探及最佳找矿技术方法组合,强化组织管理是地质勘查的正确思路     

Interactive effect of nitrogen fertilizer and hydrocarbon pollution on soil biological indicators

The investigation of the impact of different forms of nitrogen fertilizer (NO₃-N and NH₄-N) on microbial parameters, enzyme activities and phytotoxicity in a petroleum-contaminated soil was evaluated by an incubation study. The tested enzymes, microbial activity and seed germination index showed different patterns in response to both petroleum and nitrogen fertilizer addition and time of incubation. The results apparently showed that the contamination of soil with petroleum has a negative effect on soil ecosystem. Nitrogen fertilizer could improve inhibition of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil. Nevertheless, nitrogen fertilizer had no significant effect on urease activity in the petroleum-contaminated soil. As compared to NO₃-N, the addition of NH₄-N to the soil resulted in a greater impact on soil performance as attested by the recovery of the soil germination capability and higher values of the respiration. The application of nitrogen fertilizer may be suggested as a good strategy for restoring soils in regions affected by the same problem.     

政策视角下的粤港澳大湾区空间关联分析与协同发展政策机制优化

文章收集了428份由公共部门发布的粤港澳大湾区协同发展政策,根据政策主体拓扑关系测度城市间的大湾区协同政策供给强度,绘制基于协同发展政策关系的大湾区空间联系格局,结果发现：1）单向惠港惠澳的政策措施是当前主要的政策供给方向;2）政策供给高度集中于公共服务与产业领域;3）区县及以下层级和地方专业部门尚未充分进入大湾区协同发展政策网络;4）港、澳、广、深四大中心城市与大湾区其他主体间的政策关系与空间联系方式各异;5）大湾区城市间的政策联系在都市圈尺度内互动频密,跨都市圈政策联系相对松散。最后,提出以下建议：粤港澳大湾区可进一步加强邻域城市、邻域区县、专业部门间以及广深2个中心城市之间的双向政策联动,统筹对港、对澳政策,使得政策供给进一步适应大湾区的治理结构。     

Assessment of mesoscale convective systems using IR brightness temperature in the southwest of Iran

In this research, the spatial and temporal distribution of Mesoscale Convective Systems was assessed in the southwest of Iran using Global merged satellite IR brightness temperature (acquired from Meteosat, GOES, and GMS geostationary satellites) and synoptic station data. Event days were selected using a set of storm reports and precipitation criteria. The following criteria are used to determine the days with occurrence of convective systems: (1) at least one station reported 6-h precipitation exceeding 10 mm and (2) at least three stations reported phenomena related to convection (thunderstorm, lightning, and shower). MCSs were detected based on brightness temperature, maximum areal extent, and duration thresholds (228 K, 10,000 km², and 3 h, respectively). An MCS occurrence classification system is developed based on mean sea level, 850 and 500 hPa pressure patterns.

The results indicated that the highest frequency of MCSs occurred in December and April. Assessment of MCSs spatial frequency showed that MCS occurrence is strongly correlated with topography in April and May unlike the cold months. In other words, the role of Zagros Mountains in developing MCSs varies based on the season so that its impact increases with enhancement of mean monthly temperature. In addition, the occurrence of MCSs depends closely on the configuration of the Sudan Low in the southwest of Iran.

     

北川羌族自治县国际旅游城镇建设研究

5.12汶川大地震后,北川县城易地重建,并将以建设国际旅游城镇为重要目标之一。分析了北川国际旅游城镇建设所面临的新的约束条件,从资源禀赋结构变化、地域文化重建、旅游产业先导、旅游环境安全等方面揭示其特殊性。从供需两个角度以大旅游产业的视角,构建并拓展了国际旅游城镇建设的一般要素模型。在此基础上,探讨了北川须重点发展的关键竞争力要素,提出四大精品国际旅游产品的开发思路,以及国际旅游城镇建设的必要支撑措施。     

豫西中新生代地球动力学探讨

以隆断区和断陷盆地地壳厚度的显著差异,隆断区与盆地分界的深大断裂（边缘断裂,与地幔斜坡对应）,隆断区和盆地的岩浆作用及现代地热活动,盆地沉降历史四个地质特征为依据,作者认为本区盆岭构造形成的动力学机制是：中新生代上地幔起伏和下地壳不均匀岩浆熔融并由此产生的岩浆作用和热能、重力地质作用等引起的物质膨胀和岩浆侧向上侵入、岩浆冷凝和体积收缩导致同沉积断层运动,形成本区盆岭构造。     

华熊地块金矿集区成矿机理探讨

华熊地块区金、铅、银矿床矿集区与中生代隆起带、断陷盆地、燕山期花岗岩基及小花岗斑岩体空间关系密切。隆起带抬升、断陷盆地下降、岩浆作用和成矿作用在白垩纪同时发生。区内金矿早期成矿热液以岩浆水为主，晚期有大气降水参与成矿。成矿物质及介质来源于太华群及下部地层、花岗岩浆和中生代湖盆。成矿机理是：区域板块运动使本区在侏罗纪末下地壳形成花岗岩浆熔融层。白垩纪始，区内以断块差异升降为主，形成掀斜式断陷盆地和掀斜式隆断带，差异性升降最大超过１０００ｍ。盆地中的湖水向下渗流，被岩浆吸收或在太华群地层中加热循环，萃取金属，在岩浆结晶晚期与残余岩浆形成流体，沿构造薄弱带再上侵至构造扩容带形成小斑岩体和矿床。熊耳群与太华群不整合面上下是小花岗斑岩体、爆发角砾岩体的“多发层”和“矿集层”     

Pseudo-dynamic active force and pressure behind battered retaining wall supporting inclined backfill

Knowledge of seismic active earth pressure behind rigid retaining wall is very important. Commonly used Mononobe–Okabe method considers pseudo-static approach, which gives the linear distribution of seismic earth force. In this paper, the pseudo-dynamic approach, which considers the effect of primary and shear wave propagations, is adopted to calculate the seismic active force. Considering the planar rupture surface, the effect of wide range of parameters like inclination of retaining wall, inclination of backfill surface, wall friction and soil friction angle, shear wave and primary wave velocity, horizontal and vertical seismic coefficients are taken into account to evaluate the seismic active force. Results are presented in terms of seismic coefficients in tabular form and variation of pressure along the depth.     

Application of the WEPP model to determine sources of run‐off and sediment in a forested watershed

This study investigates critical run‐off and sediment production sources in a forested Kasilian watershed located in northern Iran. The Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) watershed model was set up to simulate the run‐off and sediment yields. WEPP was calibrated and validated against measured rainfall–run‐off–sediment data. Results showed that simulated run‐off and sediment yields of the watershed were in agreement with the measured data for the calibration and validation periods. While low and medium values of run‐off and sediment yields were adequately simulated by the WEPP model, high run‐off and sediment yield values were underestimated. Performance of the model was evaluated as very good and satisfactory during the calibration and validation stages, respectively. Total soil erosion and sediment load of the study watershed during the study period were determined to be 10 108 t yr^?1 and 8735 t yr^?1, respectively. The northern areas of the watershed with dry farming were identified as the critical erosion prone zones. To prioritize the subwatersheds based on their contribution to the run‐off and sediment production at the watershed's main outlet, unit response approach (URA) was applied. In this regard, subwatersheds close to the main outlet were found to have the highest contribution to sediment yield of the whole watershed. Results indicated that depending on the objective of land and water conservation practices, particularly, for controlling sediment yield at the main outlet, critical areas for implementing the best management practices may be identified through conjunctive application of WEPP and URA. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.