宁波一次典型夏季海陆风过程观测分析和数值模拟

根据我国宁波台塑项目环境评估期间使用系留气艇对一次典型海陆风过程进行时间加密探测所获得的资料,分析了弱盛行风影响下海陆风环流的时空变化规律,并用分辨率为5 km的WRF模式模拟了此次海陆风过程。观测结果表明,在成熟海风期间的高空存在明显的返回气流,所观测到的海风环流相当完整;陆风过程伴有下沉逆温层出现。数值模拟结果表明,海陆风的开始时间、持续时间与实测基本一致,海风期间的返回气流也清晰可见。     

城市化对广西夏季海陆风影响的数值试验

利用2003—2006年观测资料分析了广西区夏季海陆风地面特征,并运用WRF模式模拟了2006年8月1—2日海陆风的结构,结果表明：使用修正后的城市下垫面试验模拟的海陆风强度和分布更接近实测,白天沿海城区为海风辐合带,与暴雨中心相对应;夜间北部湾海面为陆风的汇合区,易产生对流云团。城市化试验结果表明热岛效应加强了海风的发展,但削弱了陆风;同时热岛效应减缓了夜间城市上空大气的辐射冷却,使下沉运动相应减弱,从而抑制了逆温稳定发展的主要控制因子,逆温强度大幅度降低,但对逆温层高度影响不大。     

NUMERICAL EXPERIMENT ON THE EFFECT OF URBANIZATION UPON SUMMER LAND-SEA BREEZES IN THE COASTLAND OF GUANGXI

The 2003–2006 observations were utilized to analyze the surface characteristics of summer land-sea breezes along the coastland of Guangxi and the Weather Research and Forecast model was applied to simulate the breeze structure on August 1–2,2006.Results show that 1) the intensity and distributions of the breezes reproduced from improved urban underlying surface were close to observations.In the daytime the coastwise urban band was a convergent belt of sea breeze,corresponding to the centers of torrential rains;in the nighttime hours the surface of the Gulf of Tonkin (the Vietnamese name) or the Northern Bay (the Chinese name) acted as a convergent zone of land breezes,likely to produce convective cloud cluster;2) the experiment on urbanization showed the heat island effect enhancing (weakening) the sea (land) breeze development.Furthermore,the heat island effect mitigated the atmospheric cooling via radiation over the cities in the night,weakening sinking motion correspondingly,thereby suppressing the dominant factor responsible for the steady development of temperature inversion.As a result,the inversion vigor was reduced greatly,but nevertheless no strong effect of the decreased subsidence was found upon the inversion height.