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Zhen?Li Chongqing?Xu Miao?LiEmail author Guihuan?Yan Xiang?LiuEmail author Yeping?Ma 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2017,31(7):1671-1682
Groundwater recharge using reclaimed water has developed rapidly around the world to relieve the groundwater resource shortage and declining of the water table. Traditional water treatment systems are inefficient to remove all the types of contaminants, so it is urgent to identify the priority chemical substances (CSs) that deserve our first concern. In this study, we developed a method (EER method) to identify priority CSs in groundwater recharge by surface spreading and direct aquifer injection. Three stages were processed which were exposure assessment, effect assessment and ranking for identification of priority CSs. Fourteen cities in China were selected for data collected and 90 pollutants in reclaimed water samples were analyzed as the target pollutants for a case study. According to three stages, the 90 CSs studied were divided into five groups (primary control CSs and high, moderate and low and no risk control CSs). In the primary control CSs and high, moderate and low and no risk control CSs group there were 14, 18, 21, 21 and 16 CSs, respectively when groundwater recharged by surface spreading, while there were 15, 18, 21, 21 and 15 CSs when recharged by direct injection. This method provided an indicator of prioritizing the risk of 90 compounds in the reclaimed water for groundwater recharge. 相似文献
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An Alternative Protocol for Single Zircon Dissolution with Application to (U‐Th‐Sm)/He Thermochronometry 下载免费PDF全文
Bouchaïb Tibari Arnaud Vacherat Martin Stab Raphaël Pik Delphine Yeghicheyan Pascal Hild 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2016,40(3):365-375
Zircon (U‐Th‐Sm)/He (ZHe) thermochronometry is a powerful tool that has been widely used in geology to constrain the exhumation histories of orogens. In this study, we present an alternative protocol for dissolving zircon grains for determination of parent nuclides. This new alkali fusion procedure developed at the SARM (Service d'Analyse des Roches et des Minéraux) in Nancy, France, is fast (requiring only 2 d, including cleaning steps) and offers several advantages over conventional methods by avoiding: (i) use of HF pressure dissolution and (ii) complete removing of grains from the metal microvials. After dissolution, U, Th and Sm were measured using an ICP‐MS. We tested the new procedure on two different ZHe reference materials, the Fish Canyon Tuff and Buluk Tuff; these provided precision values for ZHe‐age estimations of 9 and 6% (1s), respectively. In addition, using this method, zircons from the Buluk Tuff are shown to be chemically more homogenous and more suitable for assessing the uncertainty of the entire integrated procedure. 相似文献
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“天擎”是数算一体的气象大数据云平台,具备海量数据存储、全业务贯通、数据应用高效的能力,支持各类气象应用的“云”化融入,全面支撑“云+端”的气象业务模式。该研究以云南省降水量告警系统为例,分析了应用系统融入“天擎”的全套流程。首先从系统技术架构的设计着手,对照融入要求,确定需要融入的切入点;然后从数据采集、数据存储、产品加工、业务监控、业务应用等5个方面对系统融入流程进行具体研究;最后,针对开发过程中需要注意的关键问题进行技术总结,可为后续融入工作提供参考。研究结果表明,基于“天擎”的系统融入开发流程较为简洁快速,普通开发人员较易上手,整个融入过程能从系统技术架构的多个层面减少不必要的开发步骤,缩短开发周期。 相似文献
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本文以1:50000的地形图为工作底图,采用手持GPS技术、利用实地调查与分解森林资源分布图相结合的方法,对洞庭湖区植被分布状况进行了外业调绘的研究。建立了外业调绘过程中植被群落斑块最小面积和边界的确定原则及其斑块类型与编码。探讨了手持GPS实现WGS-84坐标系向1954北京坐标系的转化方法。并进行了精度估算,其点位误差≤5.8m,完全可以满足洞庭湖区植被分布外业调绘的精度要求。运用该方法进行植被分布的外业调绘,可以解决运用传统的定位测量方法在湖区定位难的问题,提高了外业作业效率。 相似文献
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Method of checking for jack-up elevated performance including leg structure strength, fixation system or jacking system bearing capacity, pre-load requirements, spud can bearing capacity and overturning stability is suggested in this paper. As an example, a jack-up with truss legs is analyzed by finite element analysis method. This paper may be helpful to the rig owners, operators and designers. 相似文献
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Observations of fluid mud were made in the lower North Passage of the Yangtze Estuary in February 2000, on 10 -11 August 2000, on 30 - 31 August 2000 (after two strong typhoons), on 21 - 24 August 2000 (neap tide) and on 3 -6 September 2000 (mean tide) respectively. In situ data show that the fluid mud in this area consists of fine cohesive sediment (median size 7.23 μm). The formation and movement of fluid mud varied during the neap-spring and flood-ebb tidal cycle. Observations suggest that fluid mud phenomena in this area may be categorised in a three-fold manner as slack water, storm and saltwedge features. The thickness of the fluid mud layer of slack water during the neap tide ranged from 0.2 to 0.96 m, whereas during the mean tide, the thickness ranged from 0.17 to 0.73 m, and the thickness of the fluid mud layer was larger during slack water than at the flood peak. Shoals cover an area of 800 km^2 with a water depth smaller than 5 m. Erosion of these extensive intertidal mudflats due to storm action provides an abundant sediment source. This is particularly significant in this estuary when the tidal level is lower than 5 m. The lower North Passage is a typical zone of saltwater wedging, so the saltwedge fluid mud has the most extensive spatial range in the estuary. 相似文献
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Lock-release gravity currents with a viscous self-similar regime are simulated by use of the renormalization group(RNG) k - ε model for Reynolds-stress closure. Besides the turbulent regime with initially a slumping phase of a conslant current front speed and later an inviseid self-similar phase of front speed decreasing as t^-1/3(where t is the time measured from release), the viseous self-similar regime is satisfactorily reproduced with front speed decreasing as t^-4/5,consistent with well known experimental observations. 相似文献