试论有机质在华南花岗岩风化壳REE溶出、迁移和富集中的作用

通过实验研究，论证了花岗岩风化壳中存在有机质，含有丰富的一元脂肪酸和二元脂肪酸，腐殖酸及多糖化合物。ＲＥＥ能以ＲＥ（Ｈ２Ｏ）配位离子从原岩溶出，一些有机介质和无机介质有助于ＲＥＥ从原岩溶出、迁移，其中以脂肪酸溶出量最高。溶出过程配位反应与水解反应同时出现，溶出和在风化壳中保留同时进行，反应受ｐＨ控制。风化壳中ＲＥＥ存在有机结合形态，可能与长链酸或腐殖酸关系比较密切。活性态ＲＥＥ除了与粘土矿物关系密切外，可能与多羟基化合物或多糖有关。     

REE Biological Metallogeny —A Preliminary Study

Five species of bacteria have been found in granite-weathering profiles of Ore District 701.They tend to decrease in varieties and quantities from the upper part down-ward, and no bacterium has been brought up below the depth of 10 m.The simulating experiments done by using humic acid of small molecular weight ,and decanedioic acid extracted from the samples and the bacteria mentioned above have shown that:(1)The dissolving rates of REEs from humic acid original rock or decanedioic acid original rock are lower than those from humic acid bacteria original rock or decanedioic acid bacteria original rock.The presence of bacteria may accelerate the formation of REE-organic complexes and make the complexes increase in quantity.Aminoacids in the bacteria are involved in coordination balance.The concentrations of the complexes tend to increase as a result of the formation of the complexes,i.e., the dissolution, complexation, migration and accumulation of REEs from the original rocks will be accelerated.(2)The metabolism of microorganisms has contributed a lot to keeping a pH environment in the weathering crust.     

三异辛胺萃取分离苯芴酮CTAB测定微量钽

本文在文献[1]的基础上,在0.4N氢氟酸和3N硝酸介质中,用三异辛胺(TIOA)-苯萃取钽,使铌、锗、钨、锑、钛、锡、钼等十三个元素不被萃取。钽可用1％酒石酸钠(pH8—9)溶液从有机相中反萃取出来。 苯芴酮-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)-酒石酸和钽形成多元络合物,此络合物ε=1.38×10~5;方法灵敏度可达0.025微克/毫升。     

华南花岗岩风化壳中稀土元素迁移富集规律研究的新认识

华南花岗岩风化壳中稀土元素迁移富集规律的研究迄今已做了很多工作,花岗岩风化壳中稀土元素的富集主要受到原岩条件、构造地貌和气候的影响,而稀土元素的表生地球化学行为则是其富集的关键。我们从化学方法入手,主要取得了下面几点新的认识。     

三异辛胺萃取分离苯芴酮CTAB测定微量钽

本文在文献的基础上,在0.4N氢氟酸和3N硝酸介质中.用三异辛胺(TIOA)-苯萃取钽,使铌、锗、钨、锑、钛、锡、钼等十三个元素不被萃取。钽可用1%酒石酸钠(pH8—9)溶液从有机相中反萃取出来。苯芴酮-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)-酒石酸和钽形成多元络合物,此络合物ε=1.38×10~5;方法灵敏度可达0.025微克/毫升。