Petrology, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of the Emeishan Continental Flood Basalts, SW China: Evidence for Activity of Mantle Plumes

Electronic microprobe analyses for olivine, clinopyroxene and Cr-spinel in picrites, which we have discovered recently in the Emeishan continental flood basalt province (ECFBP), show that the olivine is rich in Mg, and that Cr-spinel is rich in Cr. Based on the olivine-melt equilibrium, the primary parental melt compositions are calculated. The high-Mg olivine-hosted picrite can be regarded as parental melt. Thus, the melting temperature and pressure are estimated: T=1600℃ and P=4.5 GPa. It suggests that the picrites are connected with the activity of mantle plumes. Their major element composition is comparable to many other CFBs by their high Fe8, (CaO/Al2O3)8 and low Na8, indicating a high pressure. All rocks display a similar chondrite-normalized REE patterns, i.e., enrichment of LREE, relative depletion of HFSE and absence of negative Nb and Ta but depletion in P and K. Some incompatible element ratios, such as La/Ta, La/ Sm, (La/Nb)PM, (Th/Ta)PM, are in a limited range, show that they were derived     

峨眉山大火成岩省“高钛玄武岩”和“低钛玄武岩”成因探讨

大量的岩石化学资料分析表明，峨眉山大火成岩省玄武岩的TiO2含量是连续变化的，不存在明显的间断。野外地质特征表明高钛和低钛玄武岩既不存在空间分带，也不存在时间分带。其Sr、Nd和Pb同位素组成也没有明显的区别，推测它们可能是同源岩浆分离结晶的产物。根据MgO和TiO2的相关关系，可将苦橄岩和玄武岩的演化划分为4个趋势，并采用分离结晶模式对其进行了成因模拟，表明高钛和低钛玄武岩是同—母岩浆(苦橄—玄武岩浆)通过不同矿物相分离结晶的产物。     

峨眉山大火成岩省中苦橄岩与其共生岩石的地球化学特征及其对源区的约束

本文对在峨眉山玄武岩省中新发现的苦橄质岩石及其共生玄武岩的地球化学特征进行了研究,结果表明,除苦橄质岩石外,与其共生的玄武质岩石均属高Ti玄武岩。其主要元素特征与大多数大陆溢流玄武岩省相似,表现为高Fe_8、(CaO/Al_2O_3)_8和低Na_8,指示其形成压力高;其稀土和微量元素配分曲线相似,表现为轻稀土富集、高场强元素(HFSE)相对亏损,并且不存在Nb、Ta的负异常,而存在P和K的相对亏损。一些反映源区特征的比值,如La/Ta、La/Sm、(La/Nb)_(PM)、(Th/Ta)_(PM),Ta/Hf,Nb/Zr等,变化范围小,均指示了其地幔柱成因,且上升过程中很少或没有受到岩石圈地幔或地壳物质的混染,是石榴子石二辉橄榄岩在>75km时经大约7％的部分熔融的产物。而地幔柱的轴部位置可能位于现今云南丽江县城一带。