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1.
气候多层次的趋势预报   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
论述了子波气候诊断中的边界效应和非周期性对趋势预报的影响,在消除子波变换边界效应基础上,将气候层次理论和子波诊断技术相结合,提出了气候多层趋势预报法则和评判标准,最后利用若干气候资料进行了多层次趋势预报,试验表明,相似延伸法能有效地消除边界效应,提出了气候多层次趋势预报法是可行的。  相似文献   
2.
利用NOAA的外逸长波辐射资料(OLR)和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料以及华南地区台站降水资料诊断分析了热带西太平洋对流活动在2005年和2006年华南地区持续性暴雨发生的大尺度环流背景上的物理作用.分析表明:2005年6月17~24日华南持续性暴雨过程与热带西太平洋对流的10~25天低频振荡从150 °E附近西传有关,持续性暴雨期间西太平洋副热带高压持续西伸的Gill型环流响应对应于传播到120 °E附近强对流的低频间歇期;2006年5月下旬~6月中旬华南的持续性暴雨可能与热带西太平洋的双热带辐合带(ITCZ)南支对流带异常强盛有关,持续强盛的南支ITCZ使得115~135 °E平均的局地Hadley环流最大上升中心位于0~5 °S,菲律宾海附近区域上升运动的减弱有利于西太平洋副热带高压持续西伸加强.通过比较这两例典型的华南持续性暴雨过程发现,副热带高压在华南地区持续西伸是两次持续性暴雨发生的共同的大尺度环流背景,而热带西太平洋对流活动则通过不同的物理过程影响副热带高压的持续西伸.  相似文献   
3.
近50年我国持续性暴雨的统计分析及其大尺度环流背景   总被引:40,自引:3,他引:40  
鲍名 《大气科学》2007,31(5):779-792
根据1951~2005年中国大陆730个台站的逐日降水资料和持续性暴雨发生的特点, 提出了采用局地持续性暴雨和区域持续性暴雨事件的两种客观定义来描述和统计近50年我国持续性暴雨时空特征及其变化。单站逐日降水量连续三天或三天以上均大于等于50 mm为一次局地持续性暴雨;区域持续性暴雨指在一定区域范围内连续三天降水量总和大于等于100 mm且每天降水量大于等于25 mm的面积超过某一阈值 (详细定义见正文)。根据局地持续性暴雨定义, 指出: 近50年中国局地持续性暴雨事件主要发生在江南和华南地区, 发生季节以6月为最多;根据区域持续性暴雨定义, 统计分析了四类典型的区域持续性暴雨类型, 分别是: 渤海辽西型、北方经向型、南方锋面型和华南低压型。其中南方锋面型又可根据持续性暴雨易发生的地理位置分为江淮型、江南型和华南型三种。对这六类区域持续性暴雨的历史个例进行同比分析, 研究了不同类型持续性暴雨发生的季节性和年际变化,以及它们在大尺度环流背景方面的共性特征。  相似文献   
4.
In the summers of 2003 and 2007, eastern China suffered similar climate disasters with severe flooding in the Huaihe River valley and heat waves in the southern Yangtze River delta and South China. Using SST data and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data from NOAA along with reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR, the 2002/03 and 2006/07 El Nino episodes in the central Pacific and their delayed impacts on the following early summertime climate anomalies of eastern China were analyzed. The possible physical progresses behaved as follows: Both of the moderate El Nino episodes matured in the central equatorial Pacific during the early winter. The zonal wind anomalies near the sea surface of the west-central equatorial Pacific excited equatorial Kelvin waves propagating eastward and affected the evolution of the El Ni\~no episodes. From spring to early summer, the concurring anomalous easterly winds in the central equatorial Pacific and the end of upwelling Kelvin waves propagating eastward in the western equatorial Pacific, favored the equatorial warm water both of the SST and the subsurface temperature in the western Pacific. These conditions favored the warm state of the western equatorial Pacific in the early summer for both cases of 2003 and 2007. Due to the active convection in the western equatorial Pacific in the early summer and the weak warm SST anomalies in the tropical western Pacific from spring to early summer, the convective activities in the western Pacific warm pool showed the pattern in which the anomalous strong convection only appeared over the southern regions of the tropical western Pacific warm pool, which effects the meridional shift of the western Pacific subtropical high in the summer. The physical progress of the delayed impacts of the El Ni\~no episodes in the central equatorial Pacific and their decaying evolution on the climate anomalies in eastern China were interpreted through the key role of special pattern for the heat convection in the tropical western Pacific warm pool and the response of the western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone.  相似文献   
5.
Simulations of the interdecadal variations of summer rainfall over China are assessed from 5 coupled AOGCMs from the Data Distribution Center (DDC) of the Intergovernmental Panel in Climate Change (IPCC) under the IPCC-Special Report in Emission Scenarios (SRES) A2 and B2 scenario. We examined their ability in simulating the interdecadal variations of summer precipitation over China from 1951 to 1990. The difference before and after the mid-1960’s and the late 1970’s is given respectively to check the capability of the models, especially in reproducing the rainfall jump in North China. We also investigated the interdecadal variations simulated by the models in the 1990’s and the average of 2001-2020 in the future under the scenario A2 and B2. The analysis shows that the current AOGCMs is not good enough in simulating the interdecadal variations of summer precipitation in China. The interdecadal variations of summer rainfall simulated by most of the models cannot reproduce the observation in North China. Higher resolution models are suggested to well simulate the interdecadal variability in regional scale.  相似文献   
6.
利用NOAA的外逸长波辐射资料(OLR)和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料以及华南地区台站降水资料诊断分析了热带西太平洋对流活动在2005年和2006年华南地区持续性暴雨发生的大尺度环流背景上的物理作用.分析表明:2005年6月17~24日华南持续性暴雨过程与热带西太平洋对流的10~25天低频振荡从150 °E附近西传有关,持续性暴雨期间西太平洋副热带高压持续西伸的Gill型环流响应对应于传播到120 °E附近强对流的低频间歇期;2006年5月下旬~6月中旬华南的持续性暴雨可能与热带西太平洋的双热带辐合带(ITCZ)南支对流带异常强盛有关,持续强盛的南支ITCZ使得115~135 °E平均的局地Hadley环流最大上升中心位于0~5 °S,菲律宾海附近区域上升运动的减弱有利于西太平洋副热带高压持续西伸加强.通过比较这两例典型的华南持续性暴雨过程发现,副热带高压在华南地区持续西伸是两次持续性暴雨发生的共同的大尺度环流背景,而热带西太平洋对流活动则通过不同的物理过程影响副热带高压的持续西伸.  相似文献   
7.
In the summers of 2003 and 2007, eastern China suffered similar climate disasters with severe flooding in the Huaihe River valley and heat waves in the southern Yangtze River delta and South China. Using SST data and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data from NOAA along with reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR, the 2002/03 and 2006/07 El Nio episodes in the central Pacific and their delayed impacts on the following early summertime climate anomalies of eastern China were analyzed. The possible physical progres...  相似文献   
8.
近40年我国暴雨的年代际变化特征   总被引:45,自引:9,他引:45  
鲍名  黄荣辉 《大气科学》2006,30(6):1057-1067
利用1961~2000年全国610个测站逐日降水资料和暴雨定义, 分析我国近40年暴雨发生频率的年代际时空变化特征.分析结果表明, 我国夏季暴雨多发生在长江中下游、华南、四川中东部、黄淮地区和华北东部, 夏季暴雨发生频率具有明显的年代际变化, 且各地区暴雨的年代际变化有一定差异.分析结果还表明, 我国东部季风区夏季暴雨与洪涝的关系非常密切, 特别是90年代江淮流域暴雨对洪涝的贡献明显增大.作者还初步讨论了夏季暴雨发生频率年代际变化的气候背景, 指出: 70年代末开始的华北暴雨减少可能与赤道中、东太平洋海表面温度的年代际变化有关, 而90年代长江以南暴雨增多则可能与热带西太平洋偏东方向热对流的年代际变化有关.  相似文献   
9.
In this article,the delayed equation of precipitation forecast has been raised,and experimentshave been made on the monthly mean precipitation in the stations of Nenjiang and Shanghai.Theresults show that after being debugged,the anomalous symbol of precipitation can reach aforecasting accuracy of 670%-73% with the average relative error less than 15%.  相似文献   
10.
In the summers of 2003 and 2007, eastern China suffered similar climate disasters with severe flooding in the Huaihe River valley and heat waves in the southern Yangtze River delta and South China. Using SST data and outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data from NOAA along with reanalysis data from NCEP/NCAR, the 2002/03 and 2006/07 El Ni(n)o episodes in the central Pacific and their delayed impacts on the following early summertime climate anomalies of eastern China were analyzed. The possible physical progresses behaved as follows: Both of the moderate E1 Ni(n)o episodes matured in the central equatorial Pacific during the early winter. The zonal wind anomalies near the sea surface of the west-central equatorial Pacific excited equatorial Kelvin waves propagating eastward and affected the evolution of the E1 Ni(n)o episodes. From spring to early summer, the concurring anomalous easterly winds in the central equatorial Pacific and the end of upwelling Kelvin waves propagating eastward in the western equatorial Pacific, favored the equatorial warm water both of the SST and the subsurface temperature in the western Pacific. These conditions favored the warm state of the western equatorial Pacific in the early summer for both cases of 2003 and 2007. Due to the active convection in the western equatorial Pacific in the early summer and the weak warm SST anomalies in the tropical western Pacific from spring to early summer, the convective activities in the western Pacific warm pool showed the pattern in which the anomalous strong convection only appeared over the southern regions of the tropical western Pacific warm pool, which effects the meridional shift of the western Pacific subtropical high in the summer. The physical progress of the delayed impacts of the E1 Nifio episodes in the central equatorial Pacific and their decaying evolution on the climate anomalies in eastern China were interpreted through the key role of special pattern for the heat convection in the tropical western Pacific warm pool and the response of the western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone.  相似文献   
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