排序方式: 共有13条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The Grid-point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG version 2 (GAMIL2) has
been developed through upgrading the deep convection parameterization, cumulus
cloud fraction and two-moment cloud microphysical scheme, as well as changing
some of the large uncertain parameters. In this paper, its performance is
evaluated, and the results suggest that there are some significant improvements
in GAMIL2 compared to the previous version GAMIL1, for example, the components
of the energy budget at the top of atmosphere (TOA) and surface; the geographic
distribution of shortwave cloud radiative forcing (SWCF); the ratio of
stratiform versus total rainfall; the response of atmospheric circulation to
the tropical ocean; and the eastward propagation and spatiotemporal structures
of the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO). Furthermore, the indirect aerosols
effect (IAE) is -0.94 W m-2, within the range of 0 to -2 W m-2
given by the IPCC 4th Assessment Report (2007). The influence of uncertain
parameters on the MJO and radiation fluxes is also discussed. 相似文献
2.
The flexible global ocean-atmosphere-land system model, Grid-point Version 2: FGOALS-g2 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
李立娟 林鹏飞 俞永强 王斌 周天军 刘利 刘骥平 包庆 徐世明 黄文誉 夏坤 普业 董理 申思 刘屹岷 胡宁 刘咪咪 孙文奇 史湘军 郑伟鹏 吴波 宋米荣 刘海龙 张学洪 吴国雄 薛巍 黄小猛 杨广文 宋振亚 乔方利 《大气科学进展》2013,30(3):543-560
This study mainly introduces the development of the Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model: Grid-point Version 2 (FGOALS-g2) and the preliminary evaluations of its performances based on results from the pre-industrial control run and four members of historical runs according to the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) experiment design. The results suggest that many obvious improvements have been achieved by the FGOALS-g2 compared with the previous version,FGOALS-g1, including its climatological mean states, climate variability, and 20th century surface temperature evolution. For example,FGOALS-g2 better simulates the frequency of tropical land precipitation, East Asian Monsoon precipitation and its seasonal cycle, MJO and ENSO, which are closely related to the updated cumulus parameterization scheme, as well as the alleviation of uncertainties in some key parameters in shallow and deep convection schemes, cloud fraction, cloud macro/microphysical processes and the boundary layer scheme in its atmospheric model. The annual cycle of sea surface temperature along the equator in the Pacific is significantly improved in the new version. The sea ice salinity simulation is one of the unique characteristics of FGOALS-g2, although it is somehow inconsistent with empirical observations in the Antarctic. 相似文献
3.
The East Asia-western North Pacific boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation simulated in GAMIL 1.1.1 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We evaluate the performance of GAMIL1.1.1 in a 27-year forced simulation of the summer
intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) over East Asia (EA)-western North Pacific (WNP). The assessment
is based on two measures: climatological ISO (CISO) and transient ISO (TISO). CISO is the ISO
component that is phase-locked to the annual cycle and describes seasonal march. TISO is the
ISO component that varies year by year.
The model reasonably captures many observed features of the ISO, including the stepwise northward
advance of the rain belt of CISO, the dominant periodicities of TISO in both the South China
Sea-Philippine Sea (SCS-PS) and the Yangtze River Basin (YRB), the northward propagation of 30--50-day
TISO and the westward propagation of the 12--25-day TISO mode over the SCS-PS, and the zonal propagating
features of three major TISO modes over the YRB. However, the model has notable deficiencies. These
include the early onset of the South China Sea monsoon associated with CISO, too fast northward
propagation of CISO from 20oN to 40oN and the absence of the CISO signal south of 10oN,
the deficient eastward propagation of the 30--50-day TISO mode and the absence of a southward propagation
in the YRB TISO modes.
The authors found that the deficiencies in the ISO simulation are closely related to the model's biases in
the mean states, suggesting that the improvement of the model mean state is crucial for realistic
simulation of the intraseasonal variation. 相似文献
4.
A review on aspects of climate simulation assessment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper reviews some aspects of evaluation of climate simulation, including the ITCZ,
the surface air temperature (SAT), and the monsoon. A brief introduction of some recently proposed
approaches in weather forecast verification is followed by a discussion on their possible application
to evaluation of climate simulation. The authors suggest five strategies to extend the forecast
verification methods to climate simulation evaluation regardless significant differences between the
forecasts and climate simulations. It is argued that resolution, convection scheme, stratocumulus cloud
cover, among other processes in the atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) and the ocean-atmosphere
feedback are the potential causes for the double ITCZ problem in coupled models and AGCM simulations,
based on the system- and component-level evaluations as well as the downscaling strategies in some recent
research. Evaluations of simulated SAT and monsoons suggest that both coupled models and AGCMs show good
performance in representing the SAT evolution and its variability over the past century in terms of
correlation and wavelet analysis but poor at reproducing rainfall, and in addition, the AGCM alone is not
suitable for monsoon regions due to the lack of air-sea interactions. 相似文献
5.
纬度和海拔高度对云南地面紫外线强度影响的数值试验 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
依据已经建立起来的昆明地区紫外辐射传输方案,计算并讨论了大气中中低云、气溶胶粒子以及不同地理纬度和海拔高度对UV辐照度的影响。研究结果表明,在考虑了大气层中臭氧的吸收和空气分子散射的情况下,UV辐照度随地理纬度的增高和海拔高度的降低均有明显而强烈的改变。云对紫外辐照度有很大的影响。而且低云对UV辐照度的削弱作用大于中云的削弱作用。大气中气溶胶粒子对紫外辐射的影响在UV—A波段和UV—B波段具有不同的表现。 相似文献
6.
7.
世界气候研究计划(WCRP)于2003年支持开展云反馈模式比较计划(CFMIP)。目前已经开展到第三阶段(CFMIP-3)。相比前两阶段的试验,CFMIP-3试验设计更加丰富、具体,除增加CMIP6 DECK和Historical试验的观测模拟器(COSP)输出外,还围绕着回答7个云反馈相关的科学问题,设计了Tier-1(必做)和Tier-2(可选)两类试验。CFMIP将气候模拟、观测研究和过程模拟等几个研究方向更紧密地联系在一起,并为理解和模拟云及其辐射反馈的气候贡献提供更深刻的认识和分析手段。 相似文献
8.
9.
Improvements in Climate Simulation with Modifications to the Tiedtke Convective Parameterization in the Grid-Point Atmospheric Model of IAP LASG (GAMIL) 总被引:11,自引:9,他引:11
The grid-point atmospheric model of IAP LASG (GAMIL) was developed in and has been evaluated since early 2004. Although the model shows its ability in simulating the global climate, it suffers from some problems in simulating precipitation in the tropics. These biases seem to result mainly from the treatment of the subgrid scale convection, which is parameterized with Tiedtke's massflux scheme (or the Zhang-McFarlane scheme, as an option) in the model. In order to reduce the systematic biases, several modifications were made to the Tiedtke scheme used in GAMIL, including (1) an increase in lateral convective entrainment/detrainment rate for shallow convection, (2) inclusion of a relative humidity threshold for the triggering of deep convection, and (3) a reduced efficiency for the conversion of cloud water to rainwater in the convection scheme.
Two experiments, one with the original Tiedtke scheme used in GAMIL and the other with the modified scheme, were conducted to evaluate the performance of the modified scheme in this study. The results show that both the climatological mean state, such as precipitation, temperature and specific humidity, and interannual variability in the model simulation are improved with the use of this modified scheme. Results from several additional experiments show that the improvements in the model performance in different regions mainly result from either the introduction of the relative humidity threshold for triggering of the deep convection or the suppressed shallow convection due to enhanced lateral convective entrainment/detrainment rates. 相似文献
Two experiments, one with the original Tiedtke scheme used in GAMIL and the other with the modified scheme, were conducted to evaluate the performance of the modified scheme in this study. The results show that both the climatological mean state, such as precipitation, temperature and specific humidity, and interannual variability in the model simulation are improved with the use of this modified scheme. Results from several additional experiments show that the improvements in the model performance in different regions mainly result from either the introduction of the relative humidity threshold for triggering of the deep convection or the suppressed shallow convection due to enhanced lateral convective entrainment/detrainment rates. 相似文献
10.
FGOALS_gg1.1极地气候模拟 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室发展的气候系统模式FGOALS_g1.1的极地气候模拟现状进行了较为全面的评估.结果表明,FGOALS_g1.1对南北极海冰的主要分布特征、季节变化和年代际变化趋势具有一定的模拟能力.但也注意到,与观测相比,模式存在以下几方面的问题:(1)模拟的海冰总面积北极偏多,而南极偏少.北极,北大西洋海冰全年明显偏多;夏季,西伯利亚沿海海冰偏多,而波弗特海海冰偏少.南极,威德尔海和罗斯海冬季海冰偏少.南北极海冰边缘都存在异常的较大范围密集度很小的碎冰区,夏季尤为显著.(2)海冰流速在南北极海冰边缘和南极大陆沿岸附近较大.北极,模式没能模拟出波弗特涡流,并且由于模式网格中北极点的处理问题,造成其附近错误的海冰流场及厚度分布.这些海冰偏差与模式模拟的大气和海洋状况有着密切的联系.进一步分析表明,FGOALS_g1.1模拟的冰岛低压和南极绕极西风带明显偏弱,其通过大气环流和海表面风应力影响向极地的热量输送,在很大程度上导致上述的海冰偏差.此外,耦合模式中大气-海冰-海洋的相互作用可以放大子模式中的偏差. 相似文献