沙河、兴隆、怀柔太阳光学观测候选台址的比较(二)——近地面层大气温度脉动观测

本文对平原(沙河)、山地(兴隆)、水域(怀柔水库)三种地形近地面层的大气温度脉动进行了观测和对比.用温度脉动振幅的平均值和调制转换函数两种方法对比,结论是一致的:水面最稳定,在水中半岛上,离地面四米高度处(离水面约7米)的温度脉动振幅平均值小于平原和山地上空40-50米;平原上,地面的温度脉动振幅平均值较大,随高度变化明显;在山地,地面的温度脉动振幅平均值与平原相比较小,但随高度变化缓慢.所以,在30-40米以上,平原上的温度脉动振幅平均值就小于山地了.据此,分析了边界层的相对高度,得出太阳光学仪器观测室的相应的最宜高度:怀柔(水面)应15-20米,兴隆(山地)30-40米,沙河(平原)40-50米.     

饮用水中五种有机磷农药残留的测定

采用C18固相萃取GC／FPD法测定水中的5种有机磷农药残留，用甲醇和水活化固相萃取柱，二氯甲烷-正己烷洗脱，定容1．00mL上机测定；讨论了萃取时间、洗脱体积、氢气流量等影响因素。此方法可用于饮用水中马拉硫磷、乐果、对硫磷、敌敌畏和甲拌磷的分析测定。     

Effect of temperature and irradiance on the growth and reproduction of Enteromorpha prolifera J. Ag. （Chlorophycophyta, Chlorophyceae）

Effect of temperature and irradiance on growth and reproduction of Enteromorpha prolifera that bloomed offshore along the Qingdao coast in summer 2008, was studied. It was showed that E. prolifera propagated mainly asexually with specific growth rate (SGR) of 10.47 at 25°C/40 μmol m-2s-1. Under this condition, gametes with two flagellate formed and released in 5 days. At the beginning of the development, the unicell gamete divided into two cells with heteropolarity, and then the apical cell developed into thalli primordial cells, whereas the basal cell developed into rhizoid primordial cells. In 8-day culture, the monoplast gamete developed into juvenile germling of 240 μm in length. Unreleased gametes can develop directly within the alga body. E. prolifera could either reproduce through lateral branching or fragmenting except apomixis revealed by Microscopic observation. On aged tissue of E. prolifera, although the degraded pigments partially remained in faded algal filaments, numerous vegetative ceils could still divide actively in the algal tissues.     

饮用水中五种有机磷农药残留的测定

采用C18固相萃取GC／FPD法测定水中的5种有机磷农药残留,用甲醇和水活化固相萃取柱,二氯甲烷-正己烷洗脱,定容1．00mL上机测定;讨论了萃取时间、洗脱体积、氢气流量等影响因素。此方法可用于饮用水中马拉硫磷、乐果、对硫磷、敌敌畏和甲拌磷的分析测定。     

气象条件变化对哈尔滨市空气质量的影响

用大量观测事实、统计相关分析表明，气象条件包括气压形势场、相对湿度(高空露点温度)、气温、风速和大气的稳定性等变化，对空气污染物的PM10、SO2和NO2浓度扩散程度的影响是明显的有规律的。在不同季节、不同时期，地面和高空气象因子作用是不同的。但另一方面，由于污染源因季节冷暖程度不同，排放量很难掌握，因此，气象条件对污染的影响有不确定的一面，使问题变得复杂化。