提高中国地质调查战略地位若干问题的思考

中国幅员辽阔,地质结构、地质环境、地质资源、地质工程、地质景观、地质遗迹、地质文化丰富多彩。这样一个大国的地质调查工作,任务十分艰巨,需要一代代人连续不断地把工作做下去,与时俱进地逐步深入和完善。20世纪地球科学的发展引人瞩目,板块构造理论、模型概念建立和计算机应用是3个有代表性的重大成就。地球科学的全球化、系统化、整体化和地球系统科学的建立是其发展进入新阶段的标志。地球科学的定量化、数字化、信息化、网络化和数字地球的提出,将成为21世纪认识地球的新方式,而更明显的是在地球科学理论指导下。中国地质调查工作在…     

Quantitative Prediction for Deep Mineral Exploration

On reviewing the characteristics of deep mineral exploration, this article elaborates on the necessity of employing quantitative prediction to reduce uncertainty. This is caused by complexity of mineral deposit formational environments and mineralization systems as increase of exploration depth and incompleteness of geo-information from limited direct observation. The authors wish to share the idea of "seeking difference" principle in addition to the "similar analogy" principle in deep mineral exploration, especially the focus is on the new ores in depth either in an area with discovered shallow mineral deposits or in new areas where there are no sufficient mineral deposit models to be compared. An on-going research project, involving Sn and Cu mineral deposit quantitative prediction in the Gejiu (个旧) area of Yunnan (云南) Province, China, was briefly introduced to demonstrate how the "three-component" (geoanomaly-mineralization diversity-mineral deposit spectrum) theory and non-linear methods series in conjunction with advanced GIS technology, can be applied in multi-scale and multi-task deep mineral prospecting and quantitative mineral resource assessment.     

GIS矿产资源评价中统一使用连续数据和离散数据的扩展证据权模型

证据权模型通常使用二值数据,在把连续数据转化成二值数据时会损失有用信息.从贝叶斯原理角度提出了GIS矿产资源评价中统一使用连续和离散数据证据权法扩展模型的原理和方法,指出证据权模型中的证据权应为证据权函数,矿产资源评价中离散数据证据权函数为证据因子各可能取值的有矿和无矿条件概率比值对数,连续数据证据权函数为证据因子有矿和无矿条件概率密度函数比值对数.提出了用非参数估计条件概率密度函数和证据权函数方法,以及计算函数表和插值法简化运算的方法.以GIS云南铅锌矿产资源潜力评价为例进行了应用,并得到了较为理想的结果.     

Diversity of Mineralization and Spectrum of the Gejiu Superlarge Tin-Copper Polymetallic Deposit,Yunnan,China

The Gejiu (个旧) deposit is a superlarge tin-copper polymetallic ore-forming concentration area characterized by excellent metallogenic geological settings and advantageous ore-controlling factors. The deposit displays diverse mineralization properties due to different minerals and mineral deposit types. Based on the principal metallogenic factors, metallogenic mechanisms, mineralized components, and occurrence of mineral deposits or ore bodies, the Gejiu mineral district can be divided into 2 combinations of metallogenic series, 4 metallogenic series, 8 subseries, and 27 mineral deposit types. Spatial zonality is evident. The distribution regularity of the elements in both plane and section is Be-W, Sn (Cu, Mo, Bi, Be)-Sn, Pb, Ag-Pb, Zn around a granitic intrusion. The metallogenic epoch is mainly concentrated in the late Yanshanian. During this period, large-scale metallogenic processes related to movement caused by tectonics and magmatism occurred, and a series of magmatic hydrothermal deposits formed. The ore-forming processes can be divided into 4 stages: the silicate stage, the oxide stage, the sulphide stage, and the carbonate stage. Based on the orderliness and diversity (in terms of time, space, and genesis) of the mineralization, the authors have developed a comprehensive spectrum of ore deposits in the Gejiu area. This newly proposed diversity of mineralization and the spectrum developed in this work are useful not only for interpreting the genesis of the Gejiu deposit but also for improving mineral exploration in the area, and in particular, for finding large deposits.     

Platinum and Palladium in Coal Rock and Geochemical Anomaly in Eastern Yunnan Province,Southwest China

A series of geochemical anomalies of Pt and Pd were found in 1 358 recombined samples from a geochemical stream sediment survey in eastern Yunnan (云南) Province, China. Chemical optical emission spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence analysis, and inductively coupled plasmas atomic emission spectrometry analyses of 22 elements and chemical compositions of 21 samples from coal-bearing strata from the Late Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic show Pt and Pd concentrated to some extent in coal rocks, with Pd/Pt相似文献   

中国大型、超大型铜矿床密集区综合信息预测的方法研究

大型、超大型矿床的研究，是自20世纪70年代以来世界地质行业关注的重大课题。本文结合近几年来国家和部委的多项应用研究重大项目的科研成果，选择大型、超大型铜矿床密集区作为研究对象，在综合信息理论与方法体系的指导下，提出了把GIS用于矿产资源评价并真正达到决策分析目的关键是建立知识库，建立因变量图层、自变量图层和控制图层以及编制相应的属性表，系统地总结了一套操作性较强的综合信息预测大型、超大型铜矿床密集区的思路和方法。     

西南"三江"地区优势矿产开发竞争力评价研究 --以兰坪金顶超大型铅锌矿为例

本文建立了矿种矿床竞争力评价的概念、评价内容体系、指标分析方法和竞争力综合评价的两类数学模型.并结合"三江"地区优势矿产资源--兰坪金顶超大型铅锌矿的实际,运用竞争力评价的理论与方法进行了研究,取得了一些崭新的认识.     

非传统矿产资源体系及其关键科学问题

阐述了21世纪非传统矿产资源发现与开发研究的重要性和意义,在介绍了非传统矿产资源有关的国内外研究现状的基础上,阐述了非传统矿产资源研究的关键科学问题和非传统矿产资源体系的基本框架。非传统矿产资源体系包括非传统矿产—非传统方法—非传统矿业—非传统矿产经济四个方面。目前非传统矿产资源发现与开发研究亟待解决的关键科学问题主要包括:①地球演化及地球浅层作用过程中地质异常形成、演化、致矿机制;②成矿多样性、矿床谱系与新型矿产资源的发现;③矿产资源物质流及其最有效利用理论及模式研究等。     

中太平洋多金属结壳的地球化学特征

采用XRF和ICP AES法对中太平洋CA等6座海山的4 0多个站位的多金属结壳中化学元素进行测试与分析, 并结合其他资料对调查区结壳主要成矿元素的含量组成、特征变化、元素间的相关关系以及结壳与水深、地形等重要环境因子进行探讨.研究表明太平洋海山结壳中元素丰度特征具有多种变化类型, 中太平洋结壳主成分和成矿元素丰度明显高于马绍尔群岛, 而与西北太平洋、麦哲伦海山相近; 中太平洋结壳化学元素相关关系分析表明: Ca与P、Al与K呈显著正相关性; Mn与Al呈显著负相关性.研究还发现中太平洋结壳富Co(0.6 3%)而贫Cu(0.1 1 %)及高Fe(1 6.9%)低Mn(2 1.3%)的分布特征, 与深海多金属结核在含量分布特征上存在较大差异.与多金属结核相比: 结壳中Mn组元素含量显著降低, Fe组元素含量和稀土总量明显增大, 尤其是Co和REEs的变化最为突出。      

序一

<正>矿产资源是社会经济发展的物质基础,随着中国工业化、城镇化、农业现代化进程的加快,中国经济总量已居世界第二,成为世界矿产品需求的主要聚集区。随着经济全球化进程的持续推进,寻求全球资源配置成为实现中国社会经济长期、快速和可持续发展的重要保障。因此,"两种资源、两个市场"、实施"走出去"战略是中国长期的资源战略任务,而大洋洲地区是中国实施"走出去"战略最重要的地区之一。《大洋洲地区重要成矿带成矿规律与优势矿产资源潜力分析》项目在中央财政的大力支