Sea Surface Temperature Extremes of Different Intensity in the China Seas During the Global Warming Acceleration and Hiatus Periods

Based on the daily OISST V2 with 0.25o horizontal resolutions, we study the variations of sea surface temperature (SST) extremes in the China Seas for different segments of the period 1982-2013. The two segments include the warming acceleration period from 1982 to 1997 and hiatus period from 1998 to 2013 when the global surface mean temperature (GSMT) was not significantly warming as expected during the past decades, or even cooling in some areas. First, we construct the regional average time series over the entire China Seas (15o–45oN, 105o–130oE) for these SST extremes. During the hiatus period, the regionally averaged 10th, 1th and 0.1th percentile of SSTs in each year decreased significantly by 0.40°C, 0.56°C and 0.58°C per decade, respectively. The regionally averaged 90th, 99th and 99.9th percentile of SSTs in each year decreased slightly or insignificantly. Our work confirmed that the regional hiatus was primarily reflected by wintertime cold extremes. Spatially, the trends of cold extremes in different intensity were non-uniformly distributed. Cold extremes in the near-shore areas are much more sensitivity to the global warming hiatus. Hot extremes trends exhibited non-significant tendency in the China Seas during the hiatus period. In word, the variations of the SST extremes in the two periods were non-uniform spatially and asymmetric seasonally. It is unexpected that the hot and cold extremes of each year in 1998–2013 were still higher than those extremes in 1982–1997. It is obvious that relative to the warming acceleration period, hot extremes are far more likely to occur in the recent hiatus as a result of a 0.3°C warmer shift in the mean temperature distribution. Moreover, hot extremes in the China Seas will be sustained or amplified with the end of warming hiatus and the continuous anthropogenic warming.     

王彦巧用增味五痹汤治疗缓慢性心律失常经验

介绍王彦主任医师巧用增味五痹汤治疗缓慢性心律失常的经验。王师认为本病病位以心肾为主,病机总属本虚标实、虚实夹杂,临床尤以虚证为主,实证较少。本虚表现为心阳不足、气阴两虚、心肾阳虚等气血阴阳亏损而无以濡养心脉;标实表现为痰浊、血瘀、水饮等实邪痹阻心脉。其提出以通痹为治疗之轴,行温补心肾、活血通络之法,并根据患者实际情况从虚证、实证、虚实夹杂证辨治,巧用增味五痹汤为主方加减化裁,取得显著疗效。     

唤醒历史的“记忆”——辽宁省古生物化石保护与管理工作纪实

世界上第一朵花在哪儿绽放？第一只鸟从何处飞起。     

西藏多巴小区下古生界德吾卡下组岩石特征及时代讨论

笔者2012年在班戈西1/5万区域地质调查工作中,依据桑日PM5号剖面中岩石组合特征及笔石化石将原德吾卡下组划分为上下二段。下段主要为笔石粉砂岩相。上段主要为中层生物碎屑粉晶灰岩与灰绿、黄绿、黄褐色薄层粉砂岩互层。在下段笔石粉砂岩层位中获得的笔石化石,经鉴定种属为Monograptus sp,时代为早志留世。     

渤海湾地区一次碰撞型海风锋天气过程的数值模拟分析

利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式对渤海湾地区2009年9月26日一次碰撞型海风锋天气过程进行了数值模拟分析,模拟结果较好地重现了这次天气过程以及海风锋的结构和特征。结果显示,海风锋锋后是较为深厚的对流不稳定能量和水汽高值区,锋后水汽高值区的形成源于海风的堆积和往高空输送,而锋后对流不稳定能量的产生归因于抬升凝结高度和自由对流高度的降低以及平衡高度的升高,这些高度变化则源于冷湿海风给低层大气带来的降温和增湿,其中给低层大气带来的增湿是主要影响因子。对流系统与海风锋相向碰撞时,对流系统容易进入海风锋锋后触发强对流不稳定能量形成强对流运动,同时弱对流抑制为对流运动的触发提供了有利的条件,强对流运动把海风锋锋后充沛的水汽往上输送,从而造成强降水天气。另外,对流系统与海风锋碰撞后沿着海风锋锋后移动可能更有利于对流运动的发展和维持。     

退耕还林（草）背景下中国北方农牧交错带土地利用及碳储量变化

为明析退耕还林（草）背景下生态环境较为脆弱的北方农牧交错带土地利用及碳储量变化,基于该区2000、2010、2018年土地利用数据,通过动态度、土地转移矩阵,景观指数等指标从土地利用变化的数量、速率以及空间格局特征加以分析,同时基于InVEST模型定量估算了该区近20年来的碳储量变化。结果表明：（1）北方农牧交错带土地利用类型以草地、耕地、林地为主,面积合计逾4.30×10⁵ km²,占比超过91.83%;林地、建设用地显著扩张,草地与耕地有明显减少趋势,同时两者之间流转面积最多,高达1.67×10⁴ km²,研究区景观格局总体上收敛于“集中—分散”;（2）近20年来北方农牧交错带总碳储量51.44—52.81亿t,总体呈增加趋势,碳密度稳定在110 t·hm^-2左右,退耕还林（草）政策下碳储量净增加逾300万t。北方农牧交错带土地利用变化程度较为剧烈,退耕还林（草）政策不仅是土地更迭的主要驱动因素,也是该区固碳功能显著提升的重要原因。     

Longshore Currents over Barred Beach with Mild Slope

The laboratory experiment and numerical simulations of wave-driven longshore currents by random waves on barred beaches with slopes of 1:100 and 1:40 were conducted to investigate the bimodal feature of mean longshore currents, with emphasis on the location and ratio of two peaks of longshore currents. The location and ratio of two peaks are controlled by the sand bar. The influences of wave heights and beach slopes on the longshore currents are discussed. Numerical simulations were also performed to compute the measured velocity profile, with the emphasis on the effect of lateral mixing, bottom friction and surface rollers on numerical results.     

水城拾零

世界许多城市或居水或临水而建,并缘水而扬名。水乡泽国的地理环境,由于人类繁衍生息及人文艺术的演绎,这些各具特色的水城,成为享誉环球的旅游休闲、观     

安徽铜陵马山金硫矿床稀土元素和稳定同位素地球化学研究

安徽铜陵铜官山铜矿田是中国长江中、下游铁、铜、硫、金成矿带中著名的矽卡岩型矿床。马山金硫矿床位于安徽铜陵铜官山矿田,侵入岩体为天鹅抱蛋山石英闪长岩。文章通过对马山金硫矿床的氢、氧、碳、硫、硅同位素组成和稀土元素地球化学特征研究,探讨成矿溶液中水、碳、硅和硫的来源以及成矿溶液的演化问题。研究表明,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化组成模式为右倾型,矿石的稀土配分曲线类似于天鹅抱蛋山石英闪长岩,认为形成该矿床的热液流体主要来源于闪长质熔体。马山金硫矿床矿石中石英的δ18OH2OV-SMOW变化范围为6.9‰~10.7‰,平均为8.7‰,与岩体的δ18OV-SMOW值(9.3‰~11.1‰,平均为10.0‰)比较接近,而矿石中石英的δDV-SMOW变化范围为-69‰~-62‰,表明矿石成矿流体主要来自岩浆。矿石中方解石的碳、氧同位素组成与矿区围岩的碳、氧同位素组成明显不同,其δ13CV-PDB、δ18OV-SMOW值分别为-5.2‰~-3.6‰和12.2‰~12.9‰,与岩浆作用形成的CO2的碳、氧同位素组成一致,表明矿石中方解石的碳、氧来源于岩浆作用。硅和硫具深部岩浆或岩浆热液水来源的特点。     

川西新元古代花岗质杂岩体的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄、元素和Nd-Sr同位素地球化学研究:岩石成因与构造意义

扬子块体西缘新元古代岩浆活动十分强烈,其成因对于研究Rodinia超大陆的演化有重要意义.目前对这些岩浆的成因和形成的构造背景存在地幔柱和岛弧两种不同的观点.本文对川西康滇裂谷中四川西昌一带出露的摩挲营花岗岩体和性质相似的周边花岗质小岩体,以及岩体中出露的基性岩墙进行了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄、元素和Sr-Nd同位素的研究表明:这些酸性、基性岩体形成于842～790Ma,基本为同时代的侵入岩;花岗岩基中普遍发育中性包体,为岩浆混合作用的表现;花岗岩起源于古老的下地壳,基性岩起源于亏损的软流圈地幔.本文的研究结果支持华南位于澳大利亚和Laurentia大陆之间的Rodinia超大陆重建模式.