Characters of the Pco2 and CO2 Flux in the East China Sea in Autumn

Pco2 of air and seawater samples from the East China Sea(ECS) were measured in situ in autumn, 1994,Ocean currents,terrestrial fluviation,biological activities,etc.,Pco2 char-acters in air and seawater were investigated,CO2 flux and its character in the East China Sea are discussed on the basis of the Pco2 profiles of air and seawater,It was clear that the nearshore was the source of CO2;and tht the oulter sea area was the sink of CO2; and that the shelf area of the EXS is a net sink for atmospheric CO2 in autumn.     

广西小平阳岩溶区地裂缝形成因素分析

８０年代以来，广西小平阳岩溶区出现了大量的地裂缝。通过调查研究．这些地裂缝的形成是受多种因素控制的．其中包括构造、土体性质、水的作用、地形地貌、气候及植被等因素。在上述因素中．构造是主导因素，上体性质是基础因素．其它则为诱发因素，也是因地质环境要素变化所引起的因素。主导因素是通过诱发因素起作用的．并最终通过土体性质因素导致产土地裂缝。     

On the cause of total irradiance variations observed by the CCD solar surface photometer

Spatially-resolved precise photometric observations of the whole Sun at wavelengths of 545nm (FWHM 40nm) were carried out by using the CCD solar surface photometer. Bright parts of photospheric network have contrast of several tenths of percent, and their contribution to the total irradiance is approximately half that of active region faculae. The solar irradiance variations estimated from sunspots, faculae and active network (contrast>0.3%) agreed with the ACRIM data. The quiet Sun irradiance used in the present results was different from the total irradiance at the solar minimum observed by the ACRIM, which indicates unmeasured components (contrast>0.1%) cause the 11-year cycle irradiance variation.     

Abundance and isotopic composition of noble gases in metal and graphite of the Bohumilitz IAB iron meteorite

Abstract— Abundances and isotopic compositions of noble gases in metal and graphite of the Bohumilitz IAB iron meteorite were measured. The abundance ratios of spallogenic components in metal reveal a ³He deficiency which is due to the diffusive loss of parent isotopes, that is, tritium (Tilles, 1963; Schultz, 1967). The diffusive loss likely has been induced by thermal heating by the Sun during cosmic‐ray exposure (～160 Ma; Lavielle et al, 1999). Thermal process such as impact‐induced partial loss may have affected the isotopic composition of spallogenic Ne. The ¹²⁹Xe/¹³¹Xe ratio of cosmogenic components in the metal indicates an enhanced production of epi‐thermal neutrons. The abundance ratios of spallogenic components in the graphite reveal that it contained small amounts of metal and silicates. The isotopic composition of heavy noble gases in graphite itself was obtained from graphite treated with HF/HCl. The isotopic composition of the etched graphite shows that it contains two types of primordial Xe (i.e., Q‐Xe and El Taco Xe). The isotopic heterogeneity preserved in the Bohumilitz graphite indicates that the Bohumilitz graphite did not experience any high‐temperature event and, consequently, must have been emplaced into the metal at subsolidus temperatures. This situation is incompatible with an igneous model as well as the impact melting models for the IAB‐IIICD iron meteorites as proposed by Choi et al. (1995) and Wasson et al (1980).     

Determination of physical parameters of NGC 2023 using the hyperfine NH3 spectrum

An improved approach is given for deriving the physical parameters of a molecular cloud by its NH₃ rotation-inversion hyperfine spectra. The optical depth τ₀(1, 1) of NH₃ (1,1) is obtained by considering the blending effect of the magnetic hyperfine spectral lines, the (1-1) excitation temperature T_ex (1, 1) is calculated by a two level model, the effect of different collision rate and the thermalization of the (1, 1) inversion lines are discussed, the rotation temperature T_R ( 2, 1) between the NH₃ levels (2, 2) and (1, 1) and the column density N( 1, 1) of the NH₃ (1, 1) inversion level are derived, the results of the total column density from different assumptions for the abundance ratio of ortho-NH₃ and para-NH₃ are also discussed.

This approach is used for the molecular cloud NGC 2023 by using the relevant observed data and its optical depth and other physical parameters are obtained.     

低频扩频中伪随机序列产生方法的研究

伪随机序列的产生是实现BPC低频时码发播台扩展频谱技术升级的一个重要环节。针对BPC低频时码发播台的现有系统，提出了伪随机序列的产生方案，并对其性能作了分析。     

Carbon isotope fractionation between graphite and diamond during shock experiments

Abstract— Carbon isotopic compositions were measured for shock‐produced diamond and shocked graphite formed at peak pressures ranging from 37 to 52 GPa. The δ¹³C values of diamonds produced in a sealed container were generally lower than that of the initial graphite. The differences in the carbon isotopic composition between initial graphite and shocked graphite/diamond may reflect kinetic isotopic fractionation during the oxidation of the graphite/diamond and/or analytical artifacts possibly induced by impurities in the samples. The pressure effect on the isotopic fractionations between graphite and diamond can be estimated from the δ¹³C values of impurity‐free diamonds produced using a vented container from which gases, including oxygen, in pore spaces escaped during or after the diamond formation (e.g., 0.039 ± 0.085‰ at a peak pressure of 52 GPa). Any isotopic fractionation induced by shock conversion of graphite to diamond is too small to be detected in natural shock‐induced diamond‐graphite systems related to terrestrial impact cratering processes.     

丽江高美古台址和2m级望远镜项目(英文)

自 1992年起云南天文台开始了在云南省西北部的天文选址。丽江高美古最终被选择作为未来中国地基天文光学观测的新址点。并且 ,在国家科技部 ,云南省政府 ,以及中科院的支持下 ,2m级天文望远镜项目在 2 0 0 0年 12月获得立项。在文中 ,我们简要的介绍了高美古台址的情况 ,并给出了 2 .4m望远镜的详细情况 ,以及其他相关情况。     

垂直梯度法与最优分割法确定温跃层边界的比较分析

垂直梯度法是跃层示性特征计算中普遍使用的方法,但在某些情况下并不能很好地描述海洋要素的跃变特征.针对垂直梯度法的不足,引入水团分析中的最优分割法,对典型剖面,以及边界型、逆变型、多层型等几类特殊剖面的跃层边界分别进行了计算,并对垂直梯度法与垂直梯度法的计算结果进行了比较分析,结果表明最优分割法确定的跃层边界更为合理.通过对两种方法确定的中国近海温跃层的整体分布进行比较分析,证明了最优分割法能够弥补垂直梯度法在计算深海与浅海过渡区中的跃层时遇到的标准不匹配问题,较好地保持跃层的连续性.