海洋生物种质库种质技术研究进展Ⅰ--大西洋潮下带掌状红皮藻引种获得成功

掌状红皮藻（Palmaria palmata）是一种著名的冷水性经济海藻,主要分布在大西洋,在太平洋的东海岸也有分布。藻体呈鲜艳的红色,富含蛋白质（占藻体干质量的15%-28％）、维生素、不饱和脂肪酸等营养成分,在英国作为海洋食品倍受人们青睐,在美国、加拿大、法国作为水产动物鲍鱼和海胆的活海藻饵料而知名。中国、日本和美国的学者曾详细地研究过其作为鲍鱼饵料的效果,发现在所有测试的潮下带海藻中,掌状红皮藻是促进鲍鱼和海胆性腺发育以及幼鲍生长最佳的海藻。     

山东地区裙带菜人工养殖业的有关问题(I)

裙带菜的孢子体是一种美味的海藻食品,在东亚地区,尤其是日本和南韩有悠久的食用历史。据Ohno报道(1993),目前日本和南韩的裙带菜消费量总计在600000t左右鲜品,被列为第二大经济海藻,主要加工成不同种类的食品。目前尚未有关利用其作为工业原料的报道。我国人们食用裙带菜的历史源远流长,但由于种种原因只限于沿海地区,广大的内陆地区对裙带菜具有较高营养价值的认识远没有他们对海带含碘、能治愈因碘缺乏所导致的甲状腺增生的认识深刻,这在很大程度上限制了裙带菜人工养殖业的发展。由于海外日本市场的推动,裙带菜人工养殖业自80年代中期…     

羊栖菜受精卵/胚胎低温保存后的成活和发育

通过实验生物学方法,探讨了采用5℃条件保存的多细胞和两细胞状态羊栖菜(Hizikia fusiformis)受精卵的成活和发育情况。结果表明,相同保存和恢复培养条件下的羊栖菜受精卵,两细胞状态的死亡率明显高于多细胞状态。5℃条件保存60 h多细胞状态羊栖菜受精卵的死亡率均在10%左右,同样条件保存48 h两细胞状态受精卵死亡率高达75%。在异地运输羊栖菜受精卵或者胚胎完成苗种培育的过程中,应当同时考虑温度、运输时间以及受精卵的发育阶段等多个因素,才能取得比较好的实际效果。     

卤虫的生殖途径和影响因素

有关卤虫的第一篇报道发表于1755年,标本采自英国的Lymington.1758年经林奈定名为Artemia salina.卤虫(Brine Shrimp)隶属节肢动物门(Arthropoda)、甲壳纲(Crustacea)、鳃足亚纲(Branchiopoda)、卤虫科(Artemiidae).卤虫分布广泛,世界各地的许多自然盐湖和人工盐池中均有分布.     

裙带菜雄配子体营养生长过程中的营养吸收

于１９９７年在香港科技大学,采用ＬＡＣＨＡＴ自动离子分析仪对裙带菜雄配子体（１９９２年６月自青岛分离的野生品系）进行营养分析,结果表明,在恢复营养供给后的１小时内,雄配子体对ＮＨ４－Ｎ、ＰＯ４－Ｐ和ＮＯ３－Ｎ三种营养盐的吸收速率依次为２２．７１μｇ／（ｇ．ｈ）、１４．８６μｇ／（ｇ．ｈ）和８．０８μｇ／（ｇ．ｈ）,吸收速度的排列顺序不随培养时间的延长而变化;雄配子体对氨氮的吸收速度远高于对硝酸氮的     

Intraspecific genetic analysis, gamete release performance, and growth of Sargassum muticum （Fucales, Phaeophyta） from China

Sargassum muticum is one of the most abundant and conspicuous native macroalgae species on the northern coasts of China. It often forms large-scale seaweed beds in subtidal zones. This investigation was designed to understand the intraspecific genetic relationships of this alga based on samples collected from four northern coastal sites of China, and to evaluate gamete release and growth capacity in laboratory conditions. The nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 （ITS2） sequences of 16 samples from four locations were identical. Based on cox3 gene and partial rbcLS operon sequences, intraspecific genetic variability was detected with three and two ribotypes, respectively. Temperature, not irradiance, was shown to significantly affect gamete release and fertilization. Elevated temperature and irradiance enhanced the growth of germlings and vegetative branchlets. Maximum growth rate of germlings was detected at 18-24℃and an irradiance of 60-100 μmol photons/（m^2.s）. Under ambient conditions （12-25℃ and 60-125 gmol photons/ （m2.s））, relative growth rate of young branchlets could reach 7.5%/d.     

Molecular identification and culture trials of Eutreptiella gymnastica (Eutreptiales, Euglenophyceae)

During a survey for marine microalgal resources, we isolated a rare marine euglenoid from the coastal waters of Qingdao, China in 2009, and established a pure culture. Electron microscopic and molecular phylogenetic (18S rDNA and 16S rDNA sequences) analyses revealed a close affinity with Eutreptiella gymnastica, a bloom-forming species. Different culture conditions were monitored to understand optimal E. gymnastica growth characteristics. The optimal growth conditions in a batch culture of this isolate were 20°C, 160 μmol photons/(m2×s) of white light, and a salinity of 10-31. Nutrient experiments demonstrated that growth increased dramatically with a phosphorus concentration greater than 72 μmol/L. Understanding the effect of culture conditions on E. gymnastica may help understanding the blooming mechanism of this alga in its natural environment.