引潮力对海洋环流模式的影响

The eight main tidal constituents have been implemented in the global ocean general circulation model with approximate 1° horizontal resolution.Compared with the observation data,the patterns of the tidal amplitudes and phases had been simulated fairly well.The responses of mean circulation,temperature and salinity are further investigated in the global sense.When implementing the tidal forcing,wind-driven circulations are reduced,especially those in coastal regions.It is also found that the upper cell transport of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC) reduces significantly,while its deep cell transport is slightly enhanced from 9×106m3/s to 10×106 m3/s.The changes of circulations are all related to the increase of a bottom friction and a vertical viscosity due to the tidal forcing.The temperature and salinity of the model are also significantly affected by the tidal forcing through the enhanced bottom friction,mixing and the changes in mean circulation.The largest changes occur in the coastal regions,where the water is cooled and freshened.In the open ocean,the changes are divided into three layers:cooled and freshened on the surface and below 3 000 m,and warmed and salted in the middle in the open ocean.In the upper two layers,the changes are mainly caused by the enhanced mixing,as warm and salty water sinks and cold and fresh water rises;whereas in the deep layer,the enhancement of the deep overturning circulation accounts for the cold and fresh changes in the deep ocean.     

太平洋年代际变化研究进展浅析

综述了近几年太平洋年代际变化形成机制或起因的7种代表性观点,对已有观点作了初步评述,并提出未来太平洋年代际变化研究应关注以下方面:太平洋年代际变化的多重模态及相应的多重机制,不同时空尺度海洋现象间的相互作用,南太平洋年代际变化及在全太平洋年代际变化中的作用,ENSO与PDO的预测,海洋环流的年代际变化及其对气候变化的作用,海洋热能、机械能的收支及转换等关键问题.     

南海深水海盆环流和温跃层深度的季节变化

受南海季风和复杂地形的影响,南海环流场具有复杂的空间结构和明显的季节变化,同时此海域又是中尺度涡多发海域,这些特征必然对南海温跃层深度的水平分布及季节变化有显著影响。首先,基于GDEM(General-ized Digital Environmental Model)的温、盐资料和利用P矢量方法计算并分析了南海的表层环流和多涡结构的空间分布特征和季节变化规律。在此基础上,分析了南海温跃层深度的空间分布特征和季节变化规律。结果表明,南海环流和多涡结构对南海温跃层具有显著的影响。     

一种随时间变化的近区稀释的半解析解

根据基本的扩散方程，以污染物质输入量为已知条件，给出了一种近区稀释的半解析解。该半解析解摆脱了流速是单向的、持续的和定常的条件限制，反映了近区稀释在以潮流场为背景场的状态下，随时间的可变性。     

生态建设政策对沙漠化影响的定量分析

本文从分析沙漠化的物理机制入手,将生态建设政策对沙漠化的作用以政策指数（PIX ）来表示,并将其分解为空间广度（PSS）和时间强度（PEF）两个变量,PIX=（PSS+PEF）/2。以宁夏盐池县退耕还林和草地禁牧两种政策为例,在政策实施区分别选取40个样本点,提取沙漠化变化、植被指数变化、政策指数等数据。计算表明：退耕还林和草地禁牧政策与沙漠化变化相关系数分别为-0.664和-0.746,两种政策都对沙漠化面积的减少起到了显著的作用。政策广度和政策强度都与沙漠化的逆转显著相关,说明构建的政策指数可以更准确地反映政策因素对沙漠化的作用。政策因素对沙漠化作用的定量分析,对沙漠化治理政策的绩效评价以及新制度的设计,都有重要意义。