煤炭地质勘查产业转型发展的思考与探讨

煤炭地质勘查工作关系国家能源安全,在国民经济发展中具有重要的战略地位。伴随煤炭行业绿色转型和新能源革命新形势,及时调整产业结构,向大地质、大资源、大生态方向拓展服务领域,为国家生态文明建设和煤炭产业绿色安全高效发展提供坚实的地质技术保障,成为煤炭地质勘查产业转型发展必然趋势和未来发展方向。结合煤田地质勘查工作发展历程及现状、发展趋势,对煤炭地质勘查产业转型发展方向进行深入剖析和探讨。     

应用电感耦合等离子体质谱/光谱法研究上扬子区新华磷块岩稀土元素特征及沉积学意义

新华磷矿床是我国重要的富集稀土元素的沉积型含稀土磷块岩矿床,本文利用电感耦合等离子体质谱/光谱法(ICP-MS/AES),辅以岩矿鉴定等分析技术,结合沉积学理论研究了新华磷块岩稀土元素地球化学特征及相关问题。结果表明,新华磷块岩稀土总量(∑REEs)较高,集中值介于800×10-6~1200×10-6,其组成属轻稀土+钇型,稀土元素主要以类质同象形式存在于胶磷矿中;新华磷块岩和昆阳磷块岩具相似的REEs配分曲线和明显铈负异常,δCe介于0.28~0.36,表明上扬子区南缘成磷环境为氧化条件,且为稳定的滨浅海被动大陆边缘沉积环境;但新华磷块岩与其上覆黑色岩系REEs配分曲线迥异,后者表现出不明显的铈、铕异常,说明黑色岩系主要形成于深海-半深海静水还原环境,从梅树村期早期至晚期经历了海平面升高的过程,地层层序整体显示向上变深的沉积相变,磷块岩和黑色岩系之间的接触面可能为三级层序甚至更小层序级别的界面。这些沉积学的认识揭示了上扬子区下寒武统层序地层学意义和海相沉积环境特征,对华南早寒武世生命大爆发和层序地层学深入研究提供了证据。     

Ronge-Kutta法在计算复杂构造区域地震波旅行时中的应用

采用Ronge-Kutta射线追踪法对地震勘探中几个典型地质模型的地震波射线路径和旅行时计算的实例和效果进行分析。将Ronge-Kutta射线追踪模拟的结果与程函方程计算的时距曲线结果进行对比,验证了Ronge-Kutta射线追踪法的易实现性和程函方程有限差分旅行时算法的强稳定性,表明Ronge-Kutta射线追踪法在复杂构造区域进行地震射线路径和旅行时计算时能得到较好的模拟效果。     

宁夏水资源现状、问题及对策

宁夏地处西北内陆干旱地区,水资源极为匮乏,属于重度缺水区,从城市发展和水资源危机的角度出发对宁夏省水资源现状进行研究,以期为宁夏城市可持续发展提供依据.宁夏在开发利用中,主要存在水资源供需矛盾突出、防洪抗灾体系不完善、农村水利基础设施薄弱、水土流失、水污染等水环境问题严重、制约水利发展的体制性和机制性障碍问题还比较突出...     

An installation system of deepwater risers by an S-lay vessel

Along with the consumption increase of the petroleum products,more countries have transferred their attentions to the offshore fields,especially the deepwater oil and gas reserves.For deepwater exploitation,the risers must be installed to act as the conduits connecting surface platforms to subsea facilities.In this paper,the typical risers sorted by different classes are introduced,and the correspondent installation methods are presented.By investigating the recent projects performed in the deepwater hot spots,and combining the challenges of HYSY201 for riser installation,a lifting device developed for assisting riser installation is proposed and detailed to satisfy the installation of deepwater risers in the LW3-1 Gas Field of in the South China Sea.Tests on both the functions and performances of such a new system exhibit the satisfaction of meeting all challenging requirements of HYSY201 for application to riser installation in waters up to a depth of in the South China Sea.     

大风山天青石矿深加工路径的机理剖析

本研究在掌握大风山天青石矿特性的基础上,对其深加工路径的选择和机理进行了分析,提出了火法-湿法联合冶金制备氢氧化锶的新工艺,并通过实验进行了验证。实验结果表明：通过集成“转底炉高效还原天青石、高压釜浸取耦合分离单质硫、重结晶提纯氢氧化锶”等技术能够实现天青石至氢氧化锶的高效、高纯、零污染生产,SrSO4到SrS的转化率能够达到95%以上,氢氧化锶纯度达99.5％以上,氢氧化锶的综合产率达到90％以上。本研究为合理高效地利用大风山天青石资源生产氢氧化锶奠定理论基础和技术依据。     

Investigation on Cutting Stability of Jacket in Decommissioning Process

Jacket cutting operation is one of the most complicated and highest risk operations in the process of decommissioning offshore piled platform, the security and stability of which must be assured. In this paper, the current research on offshore structure removal and jacket cutting is introduced, on the basis of which the types of load along with the load calculation method are determined. The main influences on the stability of a jacket in cutting are analyzed. The experiment test plan is drawn by using orthogonal testing method, and the formula of critical load during the cutting procedure is deduced by differential evolution algorithm. To verify the method and results of this paper, an offshore piled platform to be decommissioned in the South China Sea is taken for an example, and the detailed schedule for jacket cutting is made with the three-dimensional finite element model of the jacket established. The natural frequency, stress, strain and stability of the jacket during cutting process are calculated, which indicates that the results of finite element analysis agree well with that of the deduced formula. The result provides the scientific reference for guaranteeing the safety of jacket in cutting operation.     

褚绍唐先生的学术思想与贡献

褚绍唐先生是中国著名的地理教育家,历史地理学家,华东师范大学地理系教授。褚先生的地理教育思想构建起了中国中小学地理教育教学与研究的基本框架,先生组织发起的地理教育学术组织和创办的学术期刊仍发挥着巨大作用,先生编写的中小学地理教学大纲和教材惠及数代人。褚先生对上海历史地理的研究颇有建树,对上海的城市发展过程、成陆过程,水系变化等有独特见解。褚先生对《徐霞客游记》的整理和校点工作具有划时代意义,同时,先生也是徐霞客研究领域的大师。此外,褚先生还在城市地理学、地图学、地理文献翻译等领域做出了贡献。     

土壤粒径的光谱响应特性研究

以实验室制备的5个不同粒径水平的土壤样本和室内高光谱数据为基础,通过对光谱数据进行重采样、数学变换等预处理并进行单因素方差分析、相关性分析和回归分析,探讨土壤粒径的高光谱特性,建立了光谱数据预测土壤粒径的校正模型。结果表明,土壤粒径对反射光谱有显著的影响,波长越长影响越大;在全波段范围内土壤粒径和光谱数据都呈负相关关系,对原始光谱数据进行微分变换能增加其与土壤粒径的相关性;以反射率一阶微分建立的回归模型为反演土壤粒径的最佳模型,其建模决定系数■、预测决定系数■、预测相对偏差RPD分别为0.666,0.653,2.043,预测均方根误差RMSE为0.175。