青藏高原北部地区b值短临异常特征

在青藏高原北部地区活动地块划分的基础上,以地块为研究单元,对1970年以来的b值进行全时空扫描,以研究其短临时间特征,结果表明,虽然受地域和地质构造的影响,各地块b值的短临异常与5级地震的对应率不同,但绝大多数地块的6值正、负异常起始时间、最大(最小)值时间和结束时间通常出现在震前1-6个月内。对其结果统计检验,本地块R≥R97.%的合格率为93％,内邻地块合计R≥R97.5%的合格率为100％,可信度检验率较高。     

我国水资源调查技术体系构建初探

深入贯彻落实国家生态文明建设,支撑自然资源部履行“两统一”职责,急需构建我国水资源调查指标体系、技术方法和技术标准。本文在分析形势、需求和存在问题的基础上,结合近年的探索实践,提出新时期水资源调查监测目标任务,即建立适应生态文明建设需要的水资源调查技术标准和指标体系,完善年度调查监测与10年一周期调查评价制度,掌握水资源数量、质量、空间分布与年度变化;围绕水资源调查、监测、评价、区划、数据库与信息服务系统建设、智慧服务、基础设施建设等7个方面任务,分析调查监测技术方法体系存在的短板,提出相应的解决方案,构建水资源调查监测技术体系,制定完善水资源调查生产技术规定和标准体系等工作。     

高职院校测绘专业课程改革初探

高新技术的迅猛发展对高职院校测绘专业人才培养工作提出了新要求,如何培养学生系统掌握测绘理论知识、具备良好的仪器操作能力和善于解决测量领域实际问题,成为摆在院校老师面前的现实课题。本文以“测量学基础”课程为例,根据一线教学工作实践分析了现阶段高职教育存在的问题,并在教学模式、教学条件和考核模式等方面提出了一系列提升教学效果的解决方案,可为高职院校测绘专业课程改革提供相应参考。     

南非普利托里亚市排水管道修复工程

本文详细撰述了南非普利托里亚市的排水管道修复工程，包括使用GIC、GPS和CSTT等检测系统，清管方法，内衬法和爆管法等修复技术。共进行了约35公里的管道非开挖修复。     

两种煤质分析指标的关联方程组研究

在综合分析大量文献资料的基础上，采用多元线性回归方法，利用MATLAB对大量煤质分析结果进行了回归分析，推导出了煤质元素分析与工业分析的关联方程组。新方法实现了由工业分析结果求元素分析成分的目的，具有重大的实用意义。     

访十届全国人大代表、国家特许一级注册建筑师时匡

时匡,1946年生,上海人,1969年毕业于上海同济大学建筑系,历任苏州市建筑设计院总建筑师、副院长、教授级高级建筑师,现为全国人大代表、国家特许一级注册建筑师、新加坡苏州工业园区总规划师,苏州工业园区设计研究院院长、总建筑师,并兼任现代中国建筑创作研究小组成员,江苏省建筑师学会常务理事,省注册建筑师管理委员会委员。曾主持过苏州工业园区的规划设计和建设。 主要设计作品有:苏州市新华书店(江苏省七十年代优秀设计奖);苏州刺绣研究所展馆接待馆(1984年全国优秀建筑设计金质奖、建设部一等奖);苏州新市政中心;新加坡苏州工业园区新苏国际大酒店;新加坡苏州工业园区新城花园等。 主要论文著作有:《前进中的思索》、《风水宝地的耕耘》、《有秩序的城市空间》和《城市形态的把握》等。其作品被选入中国勘察设计杂志社主编的《中国特许一级注册建筑师作品选》一书。该作品选作为国家作品参加了二十一届世界建筑师大会特选书刊展并成为建设部馈赠国际建筑师的珍贵礼品。 做为全国勘察设计界人大代表,时匡参加了本届人代会。这次人代会的召开对我国勘察设计界有哪些影响,通过会议时匡本人对我国的勘察设计领域有哪些新的设想和建议。带着这些问题,本刊记者来到人大代表驻地——京西宾馆,对时匡进行     

标定碰撞构造的地层学线索——欠补偿周缘前陆盆地结构与充填序列

欠补偿周缘前陆盆地发育于陆间造山带的早期阶段。前陆褶冲带不同的前缘断裂活动样式决定了前陆盆地发育不同的结构。以低角度、盲逆冲活动为特征的前缘断裂所控制的前陆盆地发育了复杂的次级构造单元，具体可识别出楔顶、前渊、前隆和隆后4个沉积带。这类前陆盆地发育了3种类型的沉积序列：①靠陆一侧初始前隆区发育的“欠补偿三位一体”充填序列；②前渊带靠陆一侧发育的陆棚沉没充填序列；③初始前渊深海一半深海区发育的沉积颗粒向上变粗、沉积环境向上变浅的沉积充填序列。欠补偿周缘前陆盆地沉积物扩散方向转换面、碳酸盐岩台地沉没不整合面等关键界面的时空位置是标定碰撞构造的主要地层学标志。     

汶川地震后青藏高原东北缘中等地震活动特征分析

汶川地震后青藏高原东北缘地区发生了多次M_L≥4.0地震,本文利用甘肃数字地震台网的资料,采用CAP方法计算得到了31次M_L≥4.0地震的震源机制解,并对结果进行分析与讨论。研究表明:受汶川地震的影响,青藏高原东北缘区域应力场的调整过程使得中等地震分区、丛集活动,地震类型表现出明显的区域特征。31次中等地震的最大主应力方位显示,祁连山地震带优势方向为NE向,甘东南地区近EW向,表明区域应力场呈现局部性的特征。     

岷县漳县6.6级地震前天水花牛水氡异常可靠性研究

2013年岷县漳县6.6级地震前甘肃天水花牛的水氡出现了与汶川8.0级地震极为相似的异常变化并在震前已被重点跟踪.为了对花牛水氡2013年出现的异常与岷县漳县地震的关系给出合理的判断,本文分析了花牛水氡正常的趋势背景和年变化形态,给出了正常背景和异常变化的判别指标;分析了花牛水氡的主要影响因素,认为气温是花牛水氡出现年变的主要因素,日降雨量达到一定量级才能引起水氡的短暂变化;着重从水氡测值的可靠性、影响因素的不一致性、多学科前兆变化的协调性、异常的重现性、异常与岷县地震的时空相关性等方面对2013年4月以来的异常进行了详细的分析和论证.研究结果可以判定,2013年4月以来天水花牛水氡出现的异常作为岷县漳县6.6级地震的异常是可信并可靠的.     

岷县、漳县6.6级地震的预测过程回顾

After the Ms6.6 earthquake occurred in the border region between Min and Zhang counties of Gansu Province on July 22, 2013, we preliminarily estimated the earthquake sequence to be a main shock-aftershock type based on the history of moderate-strong earthquake sequences in this area. As time went on, there were more aftershock events. These could be used for further analysis, and then for further decision on the earthquake sequence type. Finally, we determined the Ms6.6 earthquake sequence that occurred in the border region between Min and Zhang counties, Gansu Province as having been a main shock-aftershock type, with the largest Ms5.6 aftershock having occurred on the same day as the main Ms6.6 shock, from a comprehensive analysis of the historical characteristics of moderatety strong earthquakes of the earthquake zone, and the space-time evolution characteristics and parameters of the earthquake sequence. These provided a correct basis for anti- earthquake relief work and played an important role in mitigating the earthquake disaster and stabilizing the disturbed soci- ety after the earthquake in the earthquake zone and its neighboring areas. Reviewing the forecasting process and the re- sults, we found that we had successfully predicted the Ms6.6 earthquake that occurred in the border region between Min and Zhang counties on July 22, 2013 several years before it occurred. The magnitude and location of the earthquake had been predicted accurately, and the accuracy of the prediction was much higher than any other example in Chinese earth- quake prediction history. Forecasting on a monthly scale, we had indicated at the monthly meeting on earthquake prediction at the end of February, 2013 that there would be a risk of a moderately strong earthquake in Gansu Province from the change in moderately strong earthquake activity on the Chinese mainland. Even for short and impending earthquake prediction from several days to several dozens of days, we had proposed the likelihood of a moderate-strong earthquake happening in Gansu Province and the adjacent areas from the results of previous studies and the cases of earthquakes with MI ≥ 4.0 from the time before the Ms6.6 earthquake occurred. In a meeting about earthquake prediction held several days before the occurrence of the Ms6.6 event, we made the prediction that there would be an earthquake of M≥ 5.0 happening somewhere in Gansu Province and the surrounding area within dozens of days. The fact we had successfully predicted the Ms6.6 earth-quake on a several-year scale, as well as over a short time period to some extent, reinforces our belief that earthquakes can be forecast. Even with our present level of understanding, we can still capture some information on the gestation and occurrence of earthquakes before the arrival of a disaster. However, in order to achieve the goal of earthquake prediction in China, earthquake scientists still need to make arduous efforts. As long as earthquake scientists use the correct approach, and government supplies the necessary manpower and material resources to predict earthquakes, we believe that there will be a hope to achieve the aim of earthquake prediction with a relief effect. It is promising that we have achieved at least one or two earthquake forecasts.