Negative carbon isotopic excursion on the Lower/Middle Cambrian boundary of Kaili Formation,Taijiang County,Guizhou Province,China: Implications for mass extinction and stratigraphic division and correlation

The stratigraphic division and correlation of the Lower/Middle Cambrian boundary is a global problem that has not yet been solved even up to now. That is because there existed two distinctly different biogeographic regions during the Early and Middle Cambrian[1]—— the Indian-Pacific biogeographic region and the Atlantic biogeographic region. In the Atlantic biogeographic region the traditional Lower/Middle Cambrian boundary was marked by the extinction of Olenellids trilobite and the in…     

Non-parallelism between the effect of microbial flocculants on sewerage disposal and the flocculation rate

1 IntroductionMicrobial flocculant (MBF) is one of the naturalmacromolecular organic compounds, which is producedby some microorganisms and has a high flocculationfunction ( Cheng Wen et al., 2003). It has beencalled“the third-generation flocculant”beca…     

碳酸盐岩地区红土针铁矿中铝对铁的置换作用及其环境意义

针铁矿是地表分布最广的氢氧化铁矿物，针铁矿的结构、成分和形态等特片，在一定程度上反映了某形成环境特征及其变化。根据作者提出和设计的红土中氧化铁矿物分离和分析程序，运用Ｘ射线衍射分析，红外光谱和电子探针等方法研究了贵州碳酸盐岩红土中针铁矿的铝类质同像置换作用。     

The Geochemical Features and Evolution of Laterite in the Karst Areas of Guizhou Province

Guizhou is one of the dominating karst regions,where laterite is widespread,in China.Seventy-two laterite samples were taken from twelve laterite sections in the karst areas of Guizhou Province,which are possessed of typical subtropical karst geomphological and ecological environmental features and have evolved completely from dolostones and limestones.In terms of the major,trace and REE deta for thd samples this paper discusses the geochemical characteristics of laterite in the karst areas with an attempt to disclose the geochemical process and evolutionary rule of laterite formation.There have been involved three important pedogenetic geochemical precesses in the formation of laterite in the karst areas:(1)enrichment of silicon and aluminum and depletion of calcium and magnesium;(2)enrichment of iron and manganese;and(3) enrichment of aluminum and depletion of silicon.During the formation and evolution of laterite,obvious enrichment and differentiation of trace elements such as Cu,Pb,Zn,Ni,Co,Cr,Pb,F,Cl,and As can be observed,but for the rare-earth elements,their enrichment is remarkable against a weak differentiation.The REE distribution patterns in the laterite are similar to those of its parental carbonate rocks.     

滇桂东西向构造-成矿带九毛锡矿床成矿作用研究

九毛锡矿位于环太平洋锡矿成矿带的西段,江南古陆的西南缘桂北隆起带之南端。笔者通过野外工作和初步室内工作,认为九毛锡矿床区别于国内外其他锡矿床有三:(1)成矿物质来源与超基性岩有关;(2)成矿时期较古老,为四堡、雪峰期;(3)成矿温度以中—低温为主。根据木锡石产出,还说明具浅成的地质特征。一、成矿地质条件九毛锡矿产于桂北元宝山复式花岗岩体东侧,超基性岩和四堡群变质岩及两者的接触带中。区内地质构造复杂,出现地层倒转,主要构造线呈南北向和北北东向延伸。本区出露地层主     

贵州台江中、下寒武统界线附近碳同位素负异常的生物和地层意义

中、下寒武统界线研究是至今尚未圆满解决的全球性难题. 这是早寒武世到中寒武世全球范围存在两个不同的生物地理分区的结果. 尽管目前研究从古生物方面进行了大量的工作, 也取得了大量的成果, 但是它们同样由于存在大西洋生物区和印度-太平洋生物区生物组合不同的影响, 目前还没有一个能进行全球性对比的生物组合. 因此, 寻找其他的中、下寒武统界线全球划分和对比方法是解决中、下寒武统界线难题的途径. 对贵州台江中、下寒武统界线剖面的凯里组疑源类进行系统研究, 利用疑源类划分了中、下寒武统界线, 所划分的界线与三叶虫带划分的界线基本一致, 并可与西伯利亚、欧洲在地台上利用疑源类划分的中、下寒武统界线可进行对比. 在此基础上, 利用全球性早寒武世到中寒武世过渡期间有一个明显的碳同位素负异常来划分中、下寒武统界线, 并与西伯利亚、北美中、下寒武统界线上的碳同位素负异常进行对比. 这一新的碳同位素划分对比中、下寒武统界线的方法, 有助于解决中、下寒武统界线这一全球性难题, 也说明了早寒武世末三叶虫动物大绝灭与这次碳同位素负异常有密切的关系.     

矿山环境地表水系的硫同位素研究——以贵州赫章后河为例

为更好地了解矿山环境中元素迁移释放的地球化学过程,本文研究了赫章后河地表水系硫酸根和沉积物中的硫同位素组成。结果发现,水体和沉积物中硫同位素组成差异较大,不同水体中SO42-的浓度与δ34S值之间有较好的相关性,主河道水体和沉积物中的硫主要来自矿业活动的释放。水体中硫同位素组成不仅能反映水体的受污染情况和污染水体的扩散范围,还能反映沉积物中硫化物氧化作用的地球化学过程。     

贵州碳酸盐岩风化壳稀土元素分布特征

本文以两种典型分化壳剖面为例,对风化壳中稀土元素的分布和形成特征进行了讨论。研究认为,它们在风化壳中的富集和分异,受风化壳的结构、土的物理和水理性质、化学和矿物成分以及成土过程和成土作用的控制。简言之,系喀斯特成土作用的结果。     

贵州碳酸盐岩红土中的粘土矿物及其形成机理

本文运用Ｘ射线衍射、红外光谱、差热、透射电镜和扫描电镜等方法对贵州碳酸盐岩红土中的粘土矿物进行了系统研究。高岭石和０．７ｎｍ埃洛石是碳酸盐岩红土中的主要粘土矿物，其次为伊利石、蛭石、绿泥石、绿泥石／蛭石混层矿物，水铝英石和三水铝石等。