灰色系统理论在单桩静载荷试验中的应用

为了通过预测单桩沉降量去估算其极限承载力,基于静载荷试验所得的桩基沉降量具有灰指数律特征,将荷载Q看作广义的时间,建立了荷载序列的等步长及非等步长GM （1,1）预测模型.工程实例证明,所建立的灰色预测模型具有较好的实用性和创新性.     

遵义市海龙坝地下水水质评价与预测的GIS系统

遵义市海龙坝地下水水质评价与预测的GIS系统是以遵义市海龙坝地下水水质评价与预测为研究对象．介绍了基于GIS的地下水水质评价及预测系统的总体设计以及系统实现的功能。并以模糊综合评判模型为例，详细阐述了地下水水质评价与预测系统所实现的评价和预测功能。     

铜陵天马山金硫矿床成矿系统研究

天马山金硫矿床位于铜官山背斜近倾没端、靠近轴部的东南翼,天鹅抱蛋山岩体东侧.文章从成矿系统的角度对区内多金属矿床进行了阐述:①矿区成矿系统要素,如矿源场、成矿流体、成矿能量和储矿场;②成矿流体在流体输运-化学反应耦合成矿作用过程中,与成矿流体组分相关的成分守恒方程;③在特定的时空条件下,矿区矿源场、流体场和能量场的耦合过程;④成矿作用机理.     

大陆动力学演化与成矿研究: 历史与现状

地球动力学演化过程与成矿作用是当今矿床学研究的前沿。文章回顾了自20世纪60年代以来，有关大陆动力学演化与成矿的研究历史和当前的研究动向。综述了几个研究大阶段，即：海底喷流成矿作用、大陆边缘成矿作用、板内成矿作用及地质历史演化过程的大陆汇聚或增生与多期次成矿。同时，以华南地区为例，将大陆侧向和垂向增生作为切入点，阐述了华南世界级有色、稀有、贵金属成矿省在地质历史过程中的成矿作用，并提出在该成矿省进一步实现找矿突破的重要科学问题。     

NSF用于地球环境观测系统的设施

地球科学涉及的研究对象和问题通常以长时间、大尺度、大规模为特征。这些研究不仅需要在实验室中进行，而且更需要大范围、长时间系列的实地观测资料。用于观测、实验、分析与计算的设施和仪器对地球科学领域的研究十分重要。GEO地球科学设施计划（1999—2003）是GEO历史上首次提出的“设施计划”，它从地球环境观测系统、计算系统、实验室系统及样本与资料存贮系统4个方面对NSF已拥有和拟发展的设施作了阐述。通过对GEO在1999年前已拥有、计划1999—2003年使用及目前的实行情况3方面对NSF用于地球环境观测系统的设施作较为全面的介绍。     

非补偿陆相断陷盆地层序地层学研究——以廊固凹陷古近系为例

非补偿沉积表现为无明显的沉积间断面,单层暗色泥岩厚度大,分布范围广,沉积剖面以退积为特点。通过对廊固凹陷古近系基底地层、物源体系的研究,结合沉积物组合特点、沉积剖面序列和构造发育阶段特征,分析了非补偿沉积盆地的层序发育样式,总结了非补偿盆地层序边界发育特征,建立了层序地层格架,共划分了1个一级层序、3个二级层序、11个三级层序。研究了不同沉积、构造背景下各层序组内体系域的样式,将一个完整的层序划分为湖泊充填体系域、湖泊扩张体系域、湖泊稳定体系域及湖泊萎缩体系域(下降体系域)等4个阶段,使体系域的叠加与层序的演化相关联。建立了非补偿型陆相盆地有利体系域沉积模式,认为物源的演替是其主控因素,复杂的断裂系统仅是一种控制沉积作用的一种表象。     

滨海多层含水层系统中海潮引起的地下水位波动

通过对一个滨海多层含水层系统的考察,该含水层系统由上、下弱透水层和介于中间的承压含水层组成,海底露头处被淤泥层覆盖.建立了描述该系统中地下水水头随潮汐波动的数学模型,并得到其解析解.该解析解与六个基本参数有关,分别是承压含水层的海潮传播参数,淤泥层的无量纲透水系数,上下弱透层与承压含水层贮水率的比率 (无量纲)和上下弱透层的无量纲越流.当这些参数取某些特殊值时,我们的解便化简为前人考虑的几种简单情形对应的解.分析表明,承压含水层中地下水水头波幅是上、下弱透水层贮水率和越流系数的减函数,是淤泥层相对透水系数的增函数;波动相位(时滞)是上、下弱透水层贮水率和越流系数的增函数,是淤泥层相对透水系数的减函数.     

Water supply potential and optimal exploitation capacity of karst aquifer systems

The management of groundwater flow systems in karst regions appears, at present, to be the most important procedure for solving water deficiency problems during periods of low rainfall. Faced with a lack of data for characterizing the water supply potential of karst aquifers, analyses of spring hydrographs may provide valuable indirect information regarding the structure of karst hydrogeological systems. To estimate the optimal exploitation capacities of karstic sources, a stochastic-conceptual approach was applied in case studies from the Serbian karst. Water supply potentials were initially evaluated on the basis of groundwater budgets. Further steps towards defining optimal “exploitable” regimes included analyses of storage changes in karst water reservoirs under natural conditions and calculation of the potential expansion of currently tapped sources. The results obtained through these analyses are a significant contribution to feasibility studies and aid in the avoidance of problems of overexploitation.     

Distribution, migration and derivation of Mesozoic-Cenozoic regional fault systems in the central continental margin of eastern China

Deep-large faults in the central continental margin of eastern China are well developed. Based on the regularity of spatial and temporal distribution of the faults, four fault systems were divided: the Yanshan orogenic belt fault system, the Qinling-Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt fault system, the Tanlu fault system and the East China Sea shelf basin-Okinawa trough fault system. The four fault systems exhibit different migration behaviors. The Yanshan orogenic belt fault system deflected from an EW to a NE direction, then to a NNE direction during the Indo-Chinese epoch-Yanshanian epoch. The thrust-nappe strength of the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt fault system showed the tendency that the strength was greater in the south and east, but weaker in the north and west. This fault system faulted in the east and folded in the west from the Indo-Chinese epoch to the early Yanshanian epoch. At the same time, the faults also had a diachronous migration from east to west from the Indo-Chinese epoch to the early Yanshanian epoch. On the contrary, the thrust-nappe strength was greater in the north and west, weaker in the south and east during the late Yanshanian epoch-early Himalayan epoch. The Tanlu fault system caused the basin to migrate from west to east and south to north. The migration regularity of the East China Sea shelf basin-Okinawa trough fault system shows that the formation age became younger in the west. The four fault systems and their migration regularities were respectively the results of four different geodynamic backgrounds. The Yanshan orogenic belt fault system derived from the intracontinental orogeny. The Qinling-Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt fault system derived from the collision of plates and intracontinental subduction. The Tanlu fault system derived from the strike-slip movement and the East China Sea shelf basin-Okinawa trough fault system derived from plate subduction and retreat of the subduction belt. Translated from Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2005, 35(5): 554–563 [译自: 吉林大学学报 (地球科学版)]     

江苏省水资源承载能力评价

首先进行了系统动力学方法应用于水资源承载能力评价的理论分析,提出了基于水资源供需紧张度系数的水资源承载能力系统动力学评价思路。进而结合江苏省水资源特点,计算了包含经济增长率、供水水平和保证率三组参数8种典型方案的江苏省水资源承载能力,为江苏省水资源承载能力建设提供了依据。