亚欧典型热浪过程的大气环流对比分析

使用探空站实测资料、国家气象中心500 hPa位势高度和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分析了中国西北和江南地区以及欧洲、印度发生的典型热浪过程及其形成热浪的大气环流系统。结果表明:西风带高压脊和副热带高压的同位相“南北叠加”(表明高压宽广)和低层高压与上层高压的同位相“上下叠加”(表明高压深厚),以及下沉运动和感热、潜热中心的分布,是中国西北和欧洲热浪形成的大气环流原因;而中国江南和印度的热浪,则与副热带高压的异常强大和夏季风活动有关。     

印度遥感展望

本文主要论述印度１９９５年底以来遥感卫星发射和应用的情况,提出了到２００５年的连续性十年规划和任务为完成任务而采取的战略措施,同时,对未来的卫星功能及人类需求进行了全面分析和展望,并分析由此而带来的对应用领域的拓展。     

1873～1996年东亚冬、夏季风强度指数及其主要特征

用1873～1996/1997年资料,延长计算了东亚冬夏季风强度指数,研究了指数的年际及年代际变化的主要特征。指出该指数与我国的冬、夏季天气的年际变化、年代际变化关系密切。还指出,该指数与印度季风强度正相关,并且能解释季风的准两年振荡。     

行在印度:领略时尚古老文明

印象印度2007年的中国传统春节,我是在一个超过10亿人的邻居——印度度过的。没有鞭炮,没有庙会,没有春晚,没有聚会。一群东张西望的中国人,走在脏糊糊、乱糟糟、拥挤不堪、坎坷不平的印度大地上。坐着所谓     

印度海上战略通道的新动向、动因及影响

作为印度洋沿岸的国家，随着2015年《确保海洋安全：海洋安全战略》的出台，印度进一步拓展了海上战略通道，主要体现在三个方面：重视南太平洋海上战略通道、拓展大西洋地区海上战略通道、重视北极地区这一新航道的价值。究其原因，印度追求大国地位、参与全球海洋治理的需要以及保障能源进口多元化是其拓展海上战略通道的主要动因。印度对于海上战略通道的拓展一方面将加剧大国对于海上战略通道的争夺态势，另一方面，将有助于国际社会共同建设维护海上战略通道安全的机制。     

长期天气豫告之大势

寻常天气豫告,推测天气之变动,只限於周日。然水旱灾荒之防治,栽种作物之决择,断非寻常天气豫告所能为力,是以有长期天气豫告之需要。一旦灾荒发生,不仅危及人民生计,亦且影响国家财力。一九三一年长江流域发生空前水灾,损失估计达十四万万元,一九三四年长江流域又遭严重之旱灾,损失估计达七万七千五百万元。至於中国中部因雨量变率之大,尤见灾害频仍。旱潦之来,虽非人力所能阻止,然能预测於前,得未雨绸缪。施以补救,则生民不致横遭     

Spatial Variability of Mass Movements in the Satluj Valley,Himachal Pradesh during 1990～2006

Satluj Valley is known to have a history of landslides and related mass movement activities since the geological times. Geological and geomorphological settings combined with anthropogenic activities constitute a propensity towards slope failure. During the last two decades,the area witnessed substantial increase in athropogenic pressure,mainly due to the exploitation of hydropower potential,changing landuse pattern and population growth. In addition,a shift of the climatic patterns in the form of larger area falling under the influence of rains was observed. These natural as well as anthropogenic changes in the area have resulted in increased spatial coverage of landslide in the area. This paper documents these changes during 1990～2006.     

Abrupt uplift of Tibetan Plateau a t the end of early Pleistocene and Australasian impact event

The latest sharp uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent mountains occurred at the end of the early Pleistocene. The uplift of the Plateau resulted from Late Mesozoic－Cenozoic comp ressional structure due to the subduction of the Indian Plate beneath the Asian continent. This event definitively effected the formation of basin-mountain relief, Cenozoic basin deformation, large scale aridity and desertification of western China. The Australasian meteorites impact event happened ca. 0.8 Ma ago, located in the triangle area of the Indian Ocean ridge (20°S/67°E) . The impact may have resulted in an acceleration of speeding of the Indian Ocean ridge pushing the Indian Plate to subduct rapidly northward. Thus, the impact event can give reasonable explanation for the dynamic background of the latest rapid uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the continental deformation of western China and even of the Middle Asia.