地铁车站深基坑变形监测及数据分析

本文针对北京地铁车站某明挖深基坑在砂卵石地层的工程实例,首先论述了该工程的工程概况、基坑监测的内容、监测频率及监测周期;其次通过基坑开挖引起基坑周边土体荷载变化原理理论分析了地表沉降、桩顶水平位移、桩体水平位移分布的特点;最后通过实际监测数据总结了监测结果,运用监测时程变化曲线图表了说明监测结果与理论分析的不同与吻合之处,为今后同类工程设计、施工、处理风险事务和工程安全事故提供参考依据.     

Multiple attenuation using λ-f domain high-resolution Radon transform

The parabolic Radon transform has been widely used in multiple attenuation. To further improve the accuracy and efficiency of the Radon transform, we developed the 2- fdomain high-resolution Radon transform based on the fast and modified parabolic Radon transform presented by Abbad. The introduction of a new variable 2 makes the transform operator frequency-independent. Thus, we need to calculate the transform operator and its inverse operator only once, which greatly improves the computational efficiency. Besides, because the primaries and multiples are distributed on straight lines with different slopes in the 2-fdomain, we can easily choose the filtering operator to suppress the multiples. At the same time, the proposed method offers the advantage of high-resolution Radon transform, which can greatly improve the precision of attenuating the multiples. Numerical experiments suggest that the multiples are well suppressed and the amplitude versus offset characteristics of the primaries are well maintained. Real data processing results further verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the method.     

On an Averaged Model for the 2-fluid Immiscible Flow with Surface Tension in a Thin Cylindrical Tube

We consider the two-fluid incompressible immiscible flow, with surface tension, in a thin cylindrical tube. Using the method of asymptotic expansions with respect to the thickness of the domain, effective 1D equations are derived. Supposing that the fluids are strictly separated at t=0 and that only one phase is in contact with the rigid wall, we show that the derived equations equal a nonlinear degenerate fourth order parabolic equation for the saturation. If we set the surface tension to be zero, it reduces to the Buckley–Leverett equation recently derived by Mikeli and Paoli using the same technique. In the general case we obtain the generalized Darcy's equations with extra-diagonal terms and the relative permeabilities are calculated explicitly. The capillary pressure results only from te surface tension between two fluid phases.     

Unified Symbolic Algorithm of Gauss Method for Near-Parabolic Orbits

In this paper, a unified algorithm of Gauss method for near‐parabolic orbits that is valid for both elliptic and hyperbolic cases is established symbolically and numerically. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A parabolic equation extended to account for rapidly varying topography

In this paper, following the procedure outlined by Li (1994. An evolution equation for water waves. Coastal Engineering, 23, 227-242) and Hsu and Wen (2000. A study of using parabolic model to describe wave breaking and wide-angle wave incidence. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 23(4), 515–527) and Hsu and Wen (2000) the extended refraction–diffraction equation is recasted into a time-dependent parabolic equation. This model, which includes higher-order bottom effect terms, is extended to account for a rapidly varying topography and wave energy dissipation in the surf zone. The importance of the higher-order bottom effect terms is examined in terms of the relative water depth. The present model was tested for wave reflection in a number of different environments, namely from a plane slope with different inclinations, from a patch of periodic ripples. The model was also tested for wave height distribution around a circular shoal and wave breaking on a barred beach. The comparison of predictions with other numerical models and experimental data show that the validity of the present model for describing wave propagation over a rapidly varying seabed is satisfactory.     

Numerical Simulation of Breaking Wave Based on Higher-Order Mild Slope Equation

The "surface roller" to simulate wave energy dissipation of wave breaking is introduced into the random wave model based on approximate parabolic mild slope equation in this paper to simulate the random wave transportation including diffraction, refraction and breaking in nearshore areas. The roller breaking random wave higher-order approximate parabolic equation model has been verified by the existing experimental data for a plane slope beach and a circular shoal, and the numerical results of random wave breaking model agree with the experimental data very well. This model can be applied to calculate random wave propagation from deep to shallow water in large areas near the shore over natu ral topography.     

库布齐沙漠南缘抛物线形沙丘表面风沙流结构变异

对库布齐沙漠南缘抛物线形沙丘表面气流和输沙率的野外观测和分析结果表明,沙丘表面约90%的风沙输移集中在距沙面0.10 m高度范围内,输沙率随高度递减的形式在沙丘各部位因风速、下垫面状况和坡面形态不同而发生变异。沙丘迎风坡坡脚因出露坚硬、含砾石地表,颗粒跃移高度大,风沙流上层相对输沙率大;迎风坡沙粒沿坡向上运动,颗粒跃移高度减小,风沙流中近地表相对输沙率大;沙丘背风坡沙粒沿坡向下运动,加之来自丘顶变型跃移物质的影响,风沙流上层相对输沙率较大;脊线受迎风坡各个断面地形差异的影响,各观测点间风沙流结构差异显著。风沙流结构在迎风坡和丘顶均遵循指数递减规律(Q=aexp(-z/b)),其中,指数函数拟合中系数a与输沙率具有良好的幂函数关系,随风速增加而增加,但二者关系较弱;b与二者无相关性。背风坡风沙流结构具有明显的分段现象,以0.10 m高度为界,下层符合指数函数,上层符合幂函数。     

一类抛物型方程反问题的数值解法

讨论了一类二阶抛物型方程反问题的数值解法。应用拟解法的思想,把原问题分解为一系列适定的正问题和一个不适定的线性代数方程组。对于相应的正问题,证明了解连续依赖于初始分布,由此得到了在时刻的稳定性估计。使用古典欧拉差分格式求解正问题和用截断奇异值分解法求解病态方程组。数值结果显示数值解与理论解吻合很好。     

电阻加载蝶形天线的性能研究

由于探地雷达系统大多采用超宽带窄脉冲信号,因此要求天线具有极宽的工作带宽。利用矩量法对线性离散电阻加载蝶形天线进行分析,结果表明,线性离散电阻加载在使天线获得宽带特性的同时,并使辐射的脉冲信号拖尾变得平稳,因此能够满足探地雷达系统的需要。     

塔克尔莫乎尔沙漠抛物线形沙丘的粒度分布模式

对新疆伊犁河谷塔克尔莫乎尔沙漠抛物线形沙丘表层78个风成沙样的粒度分析表明,平均粒径均值为220 μm,平均中值粒径为299 μm,标准偏差平均为1.98,偏度平均为-0.29。纵向分布上,从风蚀洼地到迎风坡下部,风成砂的平均粒径和分选性波动变化明显,沿迎风坡向上平均粒径减小,在脊线附近有较粗粒径的分布带。在沙丘背风坡平均粒径减小、负偏增加、分选性较差。在粒度参数等值线及三维分布方面,风蚀洼地和迎风坡下部呈现沿沙丘轴向交替分布的封闭等值曲线,两侧沙臂粒度参数大小波动变化,沙臂北翼坡脚粒度组成呈现很高的负偏和峰度值,反映在区域风况作用下,抛物线形沙丘本身地形起伏、两侧沙臂灌丛沙堆分布对沙丘表面风沙流运移有影响,风沙流与沙臂斜交在背风坡产生涡流引发较强的沉积作用。