特征法视觉SLAM逆深度滤波的三维重建

针对现有特征法视觉SLAM只能重建稀疏点云、非关键帧对地图点深度估计无贡献等问题,本文提出一种特征法视觉SLAM逆深度滤波的三维重建方法,可利用视频序列影像实时、增量式地构建相对稠密的场景结构.具体来说,设计了一种基于运动模型的关键帧追踪流程,能够提供精确的相对位姿关系;采用一种基于概率分布的逆深度滤波器,地图点通过多帧信息累积、更新得到,而不再由两帧三角化直接获取;提出一种基于特征法与直接法的后端混合优化框架,以及基于平差约束的地图点筛选策略,可以准确、高效解算相机位姿与场景结构.试验结果表明,与现有方法相比,本文方法具有更高的计算效率和位姿估计精度,而且能够重建出全局一致的较稠密点云地图.     

地震科学的发展及其图书资料的分类

以中国地震局地球物理研究所图书资料为例,概述了中国地震科学及其图书资料的发展历史,分析了当前存在的分类与学科发展的不适应情况,最后就进一步完善分类法提出了一些建设性意见。     

青藏高原多向碰撞─揳入隆升地球动力学模式

论证了青藏高原形成与隆升过程中的变形构造格局。岩石圈结构、青藏高原隆升与周边前陆沉积盆地耦合关系、高原隆升的地球动力学模式等。提出青藏高原碰撞-隆升过程中,高原边缘以走滑-挤压构造为主,高原内部以伸展构造为主;高原隆升过程中,岩石圈变形总体是：上部以伸展变形为主,中部以挤压变形为主,下部以伸展变形为主。通过青藏高原及周边岩石圈结构及隆升过程变形作用时-空耦合关系的对比研究,建立起青藏高原隆升机制的多向碰撞-入隆升地球动力学模式。     

二连盆地乌里亚斯太断陷层序地层格架及其幕式充填演化

应用高分辨层序地层学分析的原理和方法,通过地震反射剖面和测井等资料的综合分析,揭示了盆地内部各级层序界面,建立了乌里亚斯太断陷盆地的层序地层格架。通过盆地的充填记录、构造特征和盆地的沉降史等信息,论证了该盆地经历了不同级别构造事件控制下的幕式演化过程。幕式构造运动是盆地内高级别层序发育的主控因素,与盆地的沉积充填具有良好的响应关系。一个裂陷期与盆地内部的一级层序相对应,并控制了盆地原型的构成;一个裂陷期内不同的裂陷幕控制了盆地原型内二级构造层序的发育;而三级层序的发育受控于低级的幕式伸展事件。此外,文章还通过层序内部结构分析,阐述了该湖盆体系域的构成模式。     

山东省土壤地球化学基准值

自2003年开始,历时15余年,在山东省开展了深层土壤地球化学调查,基本查明了全省土壤地球化学基准值。深层土壤样品采样密度为1点/4 km~2,16 km~2组合成1件分析样,分析测试Ag,As,Au,B等54项指标;统计并研究了这些指标土壤地球化学参数,确定了山东省土壤地球化学基准值,为山东省基础地质研究及地质找矿与区划等提供了基础数据。     

二、三倍体牙鲆肌肉和脑组织实时定量PCR内参基因的筛选及鉴定

多倍体诱导会造成物种中不同基因的表达水平变化不同,以内参基因作为对照的相对实时定量PCR是检测基因表达水平变化的一种高效方法,这就需要对多倍体中的内参基因进行筛选以获得较适宜的参比基因。本研究以二倍体和三倍体牙鲆肌肉和脑组织为对象,以绝对定量及2^–ΔCt等方法分析管家基因18S rRNA、β-肌动蛋白基因（β-actin）,β-2-微球蛋白基因（b2m）,3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因（gapdh）,核糖体蛋白L17基因（rpl17）,α-微管蛋白基因（α-tub）,延伸因子-1-α基因（ef1-α）和泛素结合酶基因（ubc-e）的表达水平稳定性。绝对定量分析发现18S rRNA和α-tub的表达在牙鲆二、三倍体肌肉之间有显著性差异,其他基因的表达没有显著性差异,利用2^–ΔCt分析方法分析发现只有α-tub的表达在二、三倍体牙鲆肌肉之间有显著性差异,其他基因的表达没有显著性差异;在牙鲆三倍体的脑和二倍体的脑之间,这些基因的表达均没有显著性差异。综合基因表达稳定性和Normfinder分析的结果发现,ef1-α是定量分析牙鲆三倍体的肌肉和二倍体的肌肉之间基因表达差异的较适合的内参基因,α-tub、ubc-e、rpl17、β-actin只在其中一种分析方法中符合要求,而其他基因不符合任何一种分析方法的要求;ef1-α、rpl17是定量分析牙鲆二、三倍体脑组织之间基因表达差异的比较适合的内参基因,β-actin只在基因表达稳定性上符合要求,其他基因不符合任何一种分析方法的要求。本研究为分析牙鲆二倍体和三倍体同一组织之间基因表达的差异奠定了基础。     

碘酸钾标准物质的研制

本文介绍了碘酸钾标准物质的研制程序，其中包括溶液的配制、均匀性和稳定性检验、分析方法和数据统计处理方法等。并选择了具有高准确度的精密库仑法和自动电位滴定法分析定值，对制备浓度为０．０１ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３碘酸钾标准物质，其定值的相对不确定度可达０．１％，稳定期在一年以上     

Performance evaluation of satellite-based approaches for the estimation of daily air temperature and reference evapotranspiration

Different satellite-based radiation (Makkink) and temperature (Hargreaves-Samani, Penman-Monteith temperature, PMT) reference evapotranspiration (ET_o) models were compared with the FAO56-PM method over the Cauvery basin, India. Maximum air temperature (T_max) required in the ET_o models was estimated using the temperature–vegetation index (TVX) and an advanced statistical approach (ASA), and evaluated with observed T_max obtained from automatic weather stations. Minimum air temperature (T_min) was estimated using ASA. Land surface temperature was employed in the ET_o models in place of air temperature (T_a) to check the potency of its applicability. The results suggest that the PMT model with T_a as input performed better than the other ET_o models, with correlation coefficient (r), averaged root mean square error (RMSE) and mean bias error (MBE) of 0.77, 0.80 mm d^?1 and ?0.69 for all land cover classes. The ASA yielded better T_max and T_min values (r and RMSE of 0.87 and 2.17°C, and 0.87 and 2.27°C, respectively).     

Do benthic algae provide important information over and above that provided by macrophytes and phytoplankton in lake status assessment? – Results from a case study in Norway

To test if phytobenthic algae provide additional important information to macrophytes and phytoplankton for lake monitoring, we sampled two large lakes in Norway. In each lake, we analyzed water chemistry and phytoplankton above the deepest site, recorded macrophytes and non-diatom phytobenthic algae at 20 sites around the shoreline and estimated site-specific nutrient input from land cover. Since no ready-to-use phytobenthos index exists for lakes in Norway, we tested the PIT index developed for rivers, commonly perceived signs of disturbance such as high algal cover, and taxon richness as well as similarity patterns. Both lakes were nutrient poor, but had potential local nutrient inputs (villages, agriculture). In neither of the lakes did phytobenthos indicate a worse overall ecological status than macrophytes and phytoplankton. Our data therefore, did not suggest that it would be useful to add phytobenthos into surveillance monitoring of lakes in Norway. There was a loose correlation between macrophyte and phytobenthic site-specific taxon richness and similarities. This means that macrophytes and phytobenthos do indeed give partly redundant information. High algal cover was found at sites with both high and low phosphorus input. Using algal cover as indicator of site-specific nutrient input is therefore overly simplistic. Urban and cultivated areas were associated with a more eutrophic PIT. This indicates that the PIT, despite being developed for lotic waters, may be used to detect site specific nutrient input in lakes.     

Mercury contamination in Southern New England coastal fisheries and dietary habits of recreational anglers and their families: Implications to human health and issuance of consumption advisories

Total mercury (Hg) was measured in coastal fishes from Southern New England (RI, USA), and Hg exposure was estimated for anglers and family members that consumed these resources. Fish Hg was positively related to total length (n = 2028 across 7 fish species), and interspecies differences were evident among legally harvestable fish. Many recreational anglers and their families experienced excessively high Hg exposure rates, which was attributed to the enriched Hg content of frequently consumed fishes. Specifically, 51.5% of participants in this study had Hg exposures exceeding the US EPA reference dose, including 50.0% of women of childbearing years. These results are noteworthy given that Hg neurotoxicity occurs in adults and children from direct and prenatal low-dose exposure. Moreover, this study underscores the need for geographic-specific research that accounts for small-scale spatial variations in fish Hg and dietary habits of at-risk human populations.