长江三峡考古遗址文化断层研究

长江三峡考古遗址的地理位置、14C 测年数据及考古学文化年代、地面高程、文化层的连续性、文化层的埋深和厚度、文化断层的埋深和厚度等统计数据综合分析的结果表明长江三峡地区新石器时代到历史时期考古遗址沉积地层中有5 期文化断层: (1) 城背溪文化末期到大溪文化初期(7200~6000a BP); (2) 大溪文化关庙山类型三期(5800~5500a BP); (3) 夏代 (4000~3500a BP); (4) 春秋晚期至战国时期(2500~2200a BP); (5) 宋代以来(960A.D.以来)。探讨文化断层与灾变事件发生之间的关系, 从而揭示三峡地区史前和历史时期环境演变过程及其与人类活动的影响。     

家的解码:空间句法对家空间研究的内容与方法

家是地理学透视社会现象的窗口,家空间是地理学关注人地关系的微观尺度。作为住宅建筑与其居住主体发生联系的空间系统,家空间内部的组构差异可以反映不同的社会文化逻辑。空间句法作为一种定量分析城市形态的理论方法,在研究家空间形态与其社会文化逻辑关系时兼具定量和定性分析的优势。国外运用空间句法对家（family、home、house）空间的研究已日益成熟,而国内的相关工作却尚未涉及。首先阐述空间句法对家研究的基本过程与思路;其次,基于对国外相关研究的梳理、分析后,从家的“基因型”、家的“恒定”与“转换” 、家的“二元性”3个方面进行了归纳和总结,发现空间句法中的“空间”与传统地理学中的“空间”既不同又互补;不同民族文化、生活方式与其家空间之间存在组构关系;相同文化背景下家空间的组构具有时代性。地理学对家空间的关注一直比较薄弱,空间句法对家空间的研究为探究人与其居住空间之关系提供了新的视角。     

基于富媒体技术的宁波数字文化地图服务平台研究

以空间基础地理信息数据、文化专题数据为基础,并结合现代计算机技术、网络技术以及地理信息技术,基于富媒体技术建设宁波数字文化服务平台。主要从关键技术、数据集成及服务平台建设等方面作详细介绍。宁波市数字文化地图服务平台是展示宁波独特文化资源最好的媒介,是宁波市的一张“名片”,具有一定的科学价值、实用价值和文献价值。     

浅海筏式养殖中密度对九孔鲍生长的影响

在自然海区设置5个水平养殖密度,分别为100、200、300、500、700只/组,每组分别设置1平行组,观察筏式养殖密度对九孔鲍生长的影响,结果表明:养殖密度对九孔鲍的生长和存活率有显著影响(p值<0.05),在5只密度组中以低密度组的生长最快,存活率最高,平均日增壳长、日增壳宽与日增体质量分别达72.50μm/d、40.00μm/d与14.17 mg/d;随着养殖密度的增加,九孔鲍生长逐渐减慢,存活率逐渐降低;在实验范围内,养殖密度与平均日增体质量的回归方程式为y=12.338 exp(-0.000 2x)。     

Effects of nutrients and light intensity on the growth and biochemical composition of a marine microalga Odontella aurita

Algal biotechnology has advanced greatly in the past three decades. Many microalgae are now cultivated to produce bioactive substances. Odontella aurita is a marine diatom industrially cultured in outdoor open ponds and used for human nutrition. For the first time, we have systematically investigated the effects of culture conditions in cylindrical glass columns and fiat-plate photobioreactors, including nutrients （nitrogen, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur）, light intensity and light path, on O. aurita cell growth and biochemical composition （protein, carbohydrate, β-1,3-glucan, lipids, and ash）. The optimal medium for photoautotrophic cultivation of O. aurita contained 17.65 mmol/L nitrogen, 1.09 mmol/L phosphorus, 0.42 mmol/L silicon, and 24.51 mmol/L sulfur, yielding a maximum biomass production of 6.1-6.8 g/L and 6.7-7.8 g/L under low and high light, respectively. Scale-up experiments were conducted with fiat-plate photobioreactors using different light-paths, indicating that a short light path was more suitable for biomass production of O. aurita. Analyses of biochemical composition showed that protein content decreased while carbohydrate （mainly composed of 15-1,3-glucan） increased remarkably to about 50% of dry weight during the entire culture period. The highest lipid content （19.7% of dry weight） was obtained under 0.11 mmol/L silicon and high light conditions at harvest time. Fatty acid profiles revealed that 80% were Cx4, C~6, and C20, while arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid （EPA） accounted for 1.6%-5.6% and 9%-20% of total fatty acids, respectively. High biomass production and characteristic biochemical composition profiles make O. aurita a promising microalga for the production ofbioactive components, such as EPA and D-1,3-glucan.     

中主应力对硬岩破裂机制的影响

采用数值方法模拟硬岩的三轴压缩试验,应用4个本构模型,即Mohr-Coulomb模型、Drucker-Prager模型、应变软化模型及考虑变形模量劣化的应变软化模型,研究中主应力对均质及非均质硬岩破裂机制的影响。结果表明：不论是均质还是非均质岩体,中主应力对采用Drucker-Prager模型的岩体强度影响较大,而对采用其他本构模型的岩体强度影响不大;当非均质岩体采用Mohr-Coulomb模型或Drucker-Prager模型时,中主应力对岩体破坏过程影响不大,但对其破坏模式有较大影响;当非均质岩体采用应变软化模型时,中主应力对岩体破坏过程及其模式均有较大影响。针对工程算例,采用不同的本构模型获得的均质或非均质岩体强度相差很大,除Drucker-Prager模型外,同一本构模型的均质岩体强度远大于非均质岩体。实际工程岩体对中主应力的响应是不同的,故在地下结构设计过程中应根据岩体特性选择合理的本构模型以保证工程安全。     

基于SWOT分析的厦门海洋文化产业发展研究

海洋文化产业作为新的产业形态是目前一些临海国家或区域发展的经济热点。拥有丰富海洋文化资源且以良好的海洋经济发展作为依托,厦门海洋文化产业发展初显成效,但过于依赖滨海旅游业、海洋文化产业人才匮乏等问题制约了厦门海洋文化产业的发展。研究认为厦门海洋文化产业今后的发展应从打造闽台海洋文化人文旅游线路、发展厦门新兴海洋文化产业、提高厦门海洋文化产业附加值、培养本土海洋文化产业人才等4个方面需求突破。     

The effect of three culture methods on intensive culture system of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Different culture methods may affect the intensive culture system of Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) regarding water quality and growth and economic performance.This study evaluated the potential effects of three culture methods through cultivation of juvenile shrimps under consistent tank management conditions for 84 d.The three methods involved shrimp cultivation in different tanks,i.e.,outdoor tanks with cement bottom(mode-C),greenhouse tanks with cement bottom(mode-G) and outdoor tanks with mud-substrate(mode-M).Results showed that water temperature was significantly higher in mode-G than that in mode-C(P < 0.05).In contrast to the other two treatments,mode-M had stable pH after 50 d cultivation of shrimps.In the mid-late period,the average concentrations of TAN,NO2-N,DIP and COD were significantly lower in mode-M and mode-G compared with those in mode-C(P < 0.05).Despite lack of differences in the final shrimp weight among different treatments(P > 0.05),mode-M had significantly higher shrimp yield,survival rate and feed conversion rate(P < 0.05) than other modes.There were significant differences in revenue and net return among different treatments(P < 0.05).These demonstrated that the treatments of mode-G and mode-M were conductive to the intensive culture system of L.vannamei.     

C and N stable isotope analysis of human and animal bones at the Beiqian site

The Beiqian site, located in Jimo city, Qingdao, went through three archaeological excavations, and a large number of human and animal bones in the Dawenkou culture and the Zhou Dynasty period were unearthed. By carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis, the diet of ancestors is expected to be recovered, and the domesticated plants and animals will be discussed. The investigated results showed that the food structure of ancestors in both periods included food crops, mainly C4 foods, and meat, mainly marine shellfish and livestock. For domestic pigs, they mainly eat C3 plants, and were affected by the lifestyle of ancestors. This study also showed that the diet of ancestors is the shellfish rather than marine fish despite the Beiqian site is located near the shoreline. We can conclude that the diet of ancestors in Dawenkou culture period included millet crops (C4 plants), shellfish, marine food, and livestock, representing the lifestyle of farming, domestication, and fishing, supplemented by hunting. In the Zhou dynasty period the meat resource was enriched by domesticated animals and marine fisheries, and the living conditions were significantly improved.     

中国旅游业空间分异的ABS分析

在厘清中国旅游业发展所经历的三个阶段并识别出不同发展阶段下主要驱动因子的基础上,以基于自主体模拟(Agent-based Simulation, ABS)为建模工具,构建不同旅游业发展阶段下旅游者行为的模拟模型。对旅游资源因子驱动下、市场因子驱动下和文化因子驱动下的中国旅游业空间分异进行模拟分析。研究表明:在旅游业发展的早期阶段,旅游资源是影响中国旅游业空间分异的基础因子;随着旅游经济发展,旅游资源对区域旅游业发展的重要性有所下降,市场逐渐成为中国旅游业空间分异的主导因子;由于旅游业发展受到旅游资源和市场因子的持续影响,文化因子对其引导作用则可能叠加在资源和市场因子的“惯性”作用之上,进一步强化中国旅游业的空间分异格局。