苏北盆地高邮凹陷古近系戴南组滨浅湖沉积中的遗迹化石

苏北盆地高邮凹陷古近系戴南组滨浅湖沉积中动物遗迹化石共鉴定出6个遗迹属8个遗迹种,其中1个为未定种。包括Taenidium barretti、Taenidium satanassi、Beaconites coronus、Cystichnum curvativum、Palaeophycus isp.、Planolites montanus、Skolithos verticalis和Skolithos linearis等。这些遗迹化石主要是无脊椎动物的进食迹和居住迹,呈全浮痕或半浮痕保存。根据组合特征及沉积环境分析,可识别出两个遗迹化石组合:1）Taenidium—Beaconites遗迹组合,主要由具新月型回填纹构造的进食迹组成,反映了周期性干旱气候条件下的滨浅湖沉积环境;2）Skolithos linearis遗迹组合,主要由居住潜穴组成,代表了三角洲平原—前缘沉积环境。生物扰动根据扰动特点,可分为三种类型,即1）均一型,反映了湖平面缓慢上升之后较长时间保持稳定;2）增强型,反映了湖平面整体稳定条件下的小幅度快速上升,然后保持稳定和缓慢下降;3）复合型,反映了湖平面先缓慢上升,然后缓慢下降。三角洲平原-前缘分支河道沉积序列中遗迹化石的类型、丰度、分异度和扰动指数垂向上呈规律性的变化,结合其沉积学特征分析,可分为四个沉积单元,每个沉积单元的内部物理成因构造和生物成因构造明显不同。     

扬子浅滩东南海域海底潮流沙脊、沙波特征

利用seabat8101多波束系统对扬子浅滩东南海底地形进行了高精度探测。发现海底呈明显近乎平行排列的条带状起伏,脊谷相间,沙脊大部分呈NW-SE向排列,发育在45~50 m水深范围之内,沙脊横剖面不对称,大部分沙脊西南侧坡度大、东北坡缓。沙脊规模略有差异,沙脊宽度约0.6~9.8 km,沙脊之间间距可达8.9~22.4 km,高度约1.8~13.3 m,研究区内最长可达53 km。部分脊槽过渡区域发育成片链状海底沙波,沙波大致呈NE-SW走向,波高约0.3~1 m,波长1 km左右。研究区中西部有海底礁石孤立地突兀于相对平坦的海底之上,暂定名为扬礁,最浅水深35.9 m,位于30°59'7.4'~31°N,124°36'48.7'~124°37'40'E。扬子浅滩东南海域沙脊是介于活动沙脊和衰亡沙脊之间的准活动沙脊。该研究将为我国海洋开发和海洋经济发展、海洋行政管理以及海洋安全保障提供服务。     

基于SPOT遥感影像的九段沙潮沟信息提取及分维研究

以长江口九段沙为研究区, 应用灰度形态学提取了九段沙湿地的潮沟信息, 并对提取出的潮沟信息分区域采用网格法进行了分维研究, 得出了九段沙不同区域潮沟的分维值, 并对分维值进行了比较与分析。比较发现, 九段沙不同区域的分维值, 上沙最大, 下沙次之, 中沙最小。而在不同区域的不同岸段中, 处于上沙北部沿岸的潮沟分维值大于上沙其它地区; 处于中沙、下沙西北-东南沿岸的潮沟分维值分别大于中沙、下沙的其它地区。这主要与它们所处地理位置水动力条件不同有关。另外也计算了九段沙南岸与北岸的分维值, 发现南岸的分维值要大于北岸, 这与其发育时间、水动力条件和长江口深水航道工程等有一定联系。     

Socio-economic aspects of the tiger shark diving industry within the Aliwal Shoal Marine Protected Area,South Africa

Understanding socio-economic aspects of the tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier diving industry, including information on participant expectations, experiences and expenditure, is necessary for the effective management of the Aliwal Shoal Marine Protected Area on the east coast of South Africa. Between January and December 2007, a total of 2 133 tiger shark dives was conducted by 1 065 divers (95% CI = 946-1 198). Data were collected by means of the administration of a semi-structured survey questionnaire to 197 (18.6%) dive participants. Respondents indicated that the direct value of tiger shark diving to the Aliwal Shoal region was R12 405 274 (95% CI = R10 777 324-14 228 541). A total of 1 000 Monte Carlo simulations was used to estimate confidence intervals. On a ranking from one (poor) to five (excellent), the average participant response to overall quality of dive and standard of dive operator was 4.6 and 4.7 respectively. The majority of divers (98.0%) observed a tiger shark, at an average of four per dive. Although tiger sharks approached to an average distance of 1.6 m from divers, the majority (95.9%) felt safe and enjoyed the experience. The majority of interviewees (88.5%) supported the use of chumming for a closer ‘tiger shark experience’.     

苏北盆地油田封存二氧化碳潜力初探

油田二氧化碳封存是减少温室气体排放量最有效的途径之一,油藏中封存CO2 主要有构造地层储存、束缚气储存、 溶解储存和矿化储存等四种方式,CO2 在油藏中的地质储存容量采用国际上通用的资源储量金字塔理论来进行潜力评价。 本文通过分析油田CO2 封存机理,结合江苏省苏北盆地的地质和构造条件,对苏北盆地油田进行CO2 封存潜力研究。苏北 盆地油田多为低渗透和含水油藏,在储存CO2 的潜力上,东台坳陷优于盐阜坳陷,次级单元中又以高邮凹陷、金湖凹陷封 存CO2 潜力最大,一系列小型构造单元比较适合于CO2 封存,并有利于后期的保存。在封盖能力上,苏北盆地在垂向上有 明显的两分性,下部上白垩系和古新统盖层相对上部始新统盖层对CO2 封盖性更好。估算得到苏北盆地油田埋存CO2 的理 论储存容量为1.5054×108 t,有效储存容量为0.0828×108 t~0.4421×108 t,表明苏北油田封存CO2 的潜力较大。     

Detrital apatite fission track analyses of the Subei basin: implications for basin-range structure of the northern Tibetan Plateau

The northern Tibetan Plateau has evolved a unique basin-range structure characterized by alternating elongated mountain ranges and basins over a history of multiple tectonic and fault activities. The Subei basin recorded evolution of this basin-range structure. In this study, detailed detrital apatite fission track (AFT) thermochronological studies in conjunction with previously documented data reveal provenance of the Subei basin, important information about the Indo-Eurasia collision, and two Miocene uplift and exhumation events of the northern Tibetan Plateau. Detrital AFT analyses combined with sedimentary evidences demonstrate that the Danghenanshan Mountains is the major provenance of the Subei basin. In addition, very old age peaks indicate that part sediments in the Subei basin are recycling sediments. Age peak populations of 70–44 Ma and 61–45 Ma from the lower and upper Baiyanghe formations record the tectono-thermal response to the Indo-Eurasia collision. Combined detrital AFT thermochronology, magnetostratigraphy and petrography results demonstrate the middle Miocene uplift and exhumation event initiated 14–12 Ma in the Subei basin, which may resulted from the Miocene east-west extension of the Tibetan Plateau. Another stronger uplift and exhumation event occurred in the late Miocene resulted from strengthened tectonic movement and climate. A much younger AFT grain age, breccia of diluvial facies and boulders of root fan subfacies record the late Miocene unroofing in the Danghenanshan Mountains.     

苏北盆地昌荣区块地震采集实验研究——基于双井微测井的表层调查

该文是在苏北盆地昌荣区块实施三维地震采集之前,对影响采集资料的一些因素所做试验的分析.选择工区内有代表性的两个试验点,利用双井微测井方法进行表层结构调查分析,结果表明工作区近地表为两层结构,确定了虚反射界面的深度;干扰波的调查分析为检波器的组合方式提供了依据;利用双井微测井的分析结果,对比不同井深、药量和组合井的试验,给出了适合工作区的激发参数,为野外生产提供了指导.     

甘肃省肃北县石硐沟铅锌银矿床地质特征及找矿方向

石硐沟铅锌银矿床赋存于野牛滩花岗闪长岩侵入体外接触带中,矿床严格受石硐沟断裂带构造控制,矿化带长4 770m,矿体在矿化带中具分段赋存特征,而矿床中成矿元素具有从中温向中低温富集特征。通过对该矿床地质特征、物探及化探异常特征综合分析,认为该区域是寻找铅锌、钨钼矿,同时也是寻找金、银、铜、铁矿地区,具有较好的找矿前景。     

极化信息在水下地形SAR探测中的应用

现有的水下地形SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)探测模型尚未综合应用SAR的极化信息。本文基于Valenzuela的雷达散射截面表达式与袁业立提出的海波高频谱表达式,并结合全极化SAR相干斑抑制的极化白化滤波法,将极化信息有效地运用到水下地形SAR探测中去。最后,以中国台湾浅滩为例,分别利用Radarsat-2单一极化和全极化影像开展水下地形SAR探测研究,探测结果表明充分利用全极化信息的探测精度明显优于单一极化信息的探测精度,利用极化信息可以有效地提高水下地形SAR探测精度。