InSAR技术在监测形变中的干涉条件分析

针对InSAR技术在形变监测领域中的应用,本文从分析D-InSAR的干涉机理对其约束条件出发,重点研究空间去相关和形变梯度这两个关键指标对形变信息提取的影响.研究针对不同系统参数的传感器来展开,并论证这两个因素对干涉测量的限制.本文的创新性工作主要集中在以下几个方面: (1)分析了各传感器参数下的临界坡度范围,进而确立了SAR传感器监测的无信息区域;(2)证明了在植被覆盖区,相干性分解必须考虑体散射分量,并依此对模型进行了修正;(3)明确了形变梯度与相位梯度的差异以及两者的函数关系,并将入射角引入形变梯度函数模型.(4)通过模拟数据和真实数据比较各传感器在不同条件下形变监测的优缺点,在统计分析的基础上进一步验证结论.本文的研究是对干涉测量条件的进一步补充,对于理解干涉成像机理、完善InSAR数值计算模型(形变梯度模型和相干性分解模型)以及帮助研究人员根据研究区域特征选择合适的InSAR数据具有一定的参考价值.     

面向应急观测规划的对地观测传感器集成管理方法与应用

随着对地观测技术的发展,地学传感器种类与数量日益增加,为了高效管理对地观测传感网中的传感器资源,以及分析对地观测应急事件的特点和传感器应急观测规划的需求,本文提出面向应急观测规划的对地观测传感器资源集成管理方法。其包括对地观测传感器信息资源组织与索引、天基传感器对地观测覆盖计算、面向应急协同观测的元数据查询设计。鉴此,本文以Java平台和传感网信息模型规范SensorML为基础,设计并实现了面向应急观测规划的对地观测传感器集成管理工具GeoSensorQuery。最后,以长江流域中游洪涝监测传感器规划为例,验证了本文方法的可行性。     

The Dark UNiverse Explorer (DUNE): proposal to ESA’s cosmic vision

The Dark UNiverse Explorer (DUNE) is a wide-field space imager whose primary goal is the study of dark energy and dark matter with unprecedented precision. For this purpose, DUNE is optimised for the measurement of weak gravitational lensing but will also provide complementary measurements of baryonic accoustic oscillations, cluster counts and the Integrated Sachs Wolfe effect. Immediate auxiliary goals concern the evolution of galaxies, to be studied with unequalled statistical power, the detailed structure of the Milky Way and nearby galaxies, and the demographics of Earth-mass planets. DUNE is an Medium-class mission which makes use of readily available components, heritage from other missions, and synergy with ground based facilities to minimise cost and risks. The payload consists of a 1.2 m telescope with a combined visible/NIR field-of-view of 1 deg². DUNE will carry out an all-sky survey, ranging from 550 to 1600 nm, in one visible and three NIR bands which will form a unique legacy for astronomy. DUNE will yield major advances in a broad range of fields in astrophysics including fundamental cosmology, galaxy evolution, and extrasolar planet search. DUNE was recently selected by ESA as one of the mission concepts to be studied in its Cosmic Vision programme.

合成平均图分析在2003年高温天气预报中的应用

大气环流异常对中短期天气变化有着重要影响。利用数值预报产品制作特征要素的合成平均图,是准定量分析前期大气环流异常对中短期天气变化造成影响的有效途径之一,也是对数值预报产品进行合理有效解释应用的一个重要方向。通过利用欧洲中心格点资料制作预报和历史同期合成平均图,结合本地经验指标进行分析比较,并根据临近天气形势进行中短期预报订正,是2003年广西持续性大范围高温天气过程成功预报的关键。     

Editorial: The Louisiana Purchase

Abstract

This article describes various materials on the World Wide Web that can be effectively utilized in courses on natural hazards and physical geography. Specific Internet addresses are provided for teachers who wish to access various hazard warnings, satellite images, hazard vulnerability maps, reports, and other data concerning geophysical, hydrologic, and meteorological hazards. Suggested strategies for classroom use of this information are also provided. References are made to previous articles in the Journal of Geography that can provide guidance for teachers using the abundant hazards data accessible via the Internet.     

The university of New South Wales automated patrol telescope

The Automated Patrol Telescope is a wide-field CCD imaging telescope of novel design. The telescope is a converted Baker-Nunn satellite tracking camera that has undergone extensive modification to its optical, mechanical and electronic systems. Telescope operation is entirely under computer control, and the instrument is to be used for a variety of astronomical survey and monitoring projects.     

FY-1C CAVHRR归一化植被指数（NDVI）衰减订正方法研究

利用FY-1C连续3年的CAVHRR资料，以敦煌辐射校正场为分析区，分析了CAVHRR可见光、近红外通道的通道衰减特征，开展了归一化植被指数（NDVI）衰减订正方法研究及衰减订正试验。分析结果表明，FY-1C可见光通道1的衰减使FY-1C全球及区域NDVI的分布特征出现不合理。以敦煌辐射校正场为参考目标，借助敦煌目标区通道反射率长时间变化特征分析，可以建立NDVI的时变订正模型，有效订正通道衰减引起的NDVI的不合理性。利用敦煌NDVI值稳定不变的特性得到的FY-1C扫描辐射计通道1更新定标系数，与2000年9月中国辐射校正场外定标试验结果一致。研究结果有助于提高FY-1C可见光、近红外通道遥感资料在环境遥感监测方面的定量应用精度。     

DIAGNOSIS OF TYPHOON SPIRAL CLOUD BAND AT SEA WITH SSM/I IMAGE

This paper describes the characteristics of the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) onboard the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP),analyzes absorbing,re-emitting and scattering effects of the atmospheric particles (especially cloud particles and rain drops).The inner physical cause of typhoon's representative form on microwave images is revealed.An index of particle size is then induced as such:Symmetrically inverse channel 85H's (85H is an abbreviation for channel 85.5 GHz in horizontal polarization,see Table 1 in the text.) absorption segment and put it into the extension of the scattering segment.The precipitation index was formed as the average of three elements:normalized 19H,normalized 37H,and inversed normalized 85H.It is approved that the image of particle size index overcomes some shortcomings of the single raw channel,such as:37H is not sensitive to large rain drops,85H is not sensitive to mid-size rain drops and can reveal typhoon's spiral structure more clearly.     

HFB-1B型海洋浮标平面系统定向传感器

介绍了浮标平面系统中定向传感器的工作原理，结构及使用效果，导出了标准频率，并对传感器的精度进行了分析。