Thesaurus and Domain Ontology of Geoinformatics

Geoinformatics is a comparatively new interdisciplinary science and as a part of space informatics uses methods and terminology of informatics and many natural sciences. An ontology of geoinformatics is discussed in the paper, especially concerning its structure, relationships with other ontologies, resources for development and utilization. The ontology of geoinformatics is a kind of domain ontology and has a layered structure consisting of syntactic and semantic layers. The corpus of this ontology is an existing multilingual dictionary of geographical information systems (GIS) enriched with terminology from other external sources. The building of the ontology is preceded by the development of a taxonomy and thesaurus of geoinformatics. The thesaurus database is converted into an OWL ontology by a Visual Basic application. The reusing of the ontology is proposed by its transformation in application ontologies for geoinformatics education.     

Applications of Lodrigues Matrix in 3D Coordinate Transformation

Three transformation models (Bursa-Wolf, Molodensky, and WTUSM) are generally used between two data systems transformation. The linear models are used when the rotation angles are small; however, when the rotation angles get bigger, model errors will be produced. In this paper, we present a method with three main terms: ① the traditional rotation angles θ , φ ,ψ are substituted with a , b, c which are three re-spective values in the anti-symmetrical or Lodrigues matrix; ② directly and accurately calculating the formula of seven parameters in any value of rotation angles; and ③ a corresponding adjustment model is established. This method does not use the triangle function. Instead it uses addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, and the complexity of the equation is reduced, making the calculation easy and quick.     

TCA2003全站仪监测数据处理新方法

在微震颤状态下,TCA2003智能全站仪的垂直自动补偿器不能正常工作,因此由持续监测过程中的温度变化而引起的仪器竖轴周期性倾斜摆动不能通过自动补偿来改正。本文提出了一种新的非线性坐标转换方法,该方法用于TCA2003变形监测数据处理可以消除竖轴倾斜的影响,提取高精度的变形量,而且适用于大角度的三维坐标转换并且不依赖于初值。     

Affine distortion of small GPS networks with large height differences

GPS is a promising tool for real-time monitoring of deformations of slopes or large structures. However, remaining systematic effects in GPS phase observations after double differencing and application of a priori models affect the resulting coordinates. They complicate the proper separation of the actual deformations from pseudo-deformations induced by the systematic effects. This paper shows that for small monitoring networks (baseline lengths <5 km) only affine distortions of the network geometry are generated by the remaining distance dependent systematic effects, e.g. unmodelled tropospheric and ionospheric propagation effects, or satellite orbit errors. Hence, a generic correction model is given by a three-dimensional affine transformation involving a maximum of 12 transformation parameters. For the determination of these parameters, four high quality GPS stations are necessary which are not affected by the actual deformations to be monitored. Based on the analysis of network geometries of synthetic GPS networks with large height differences and considering the physics of the GPS observations it is shown, however, that less than 12 parameters are sufficient for the computation of the corrections. The proposed 8 parameter model was applied to the GPS monitoring network of the Gradenbach landslide. For this small network with large height differences, it was shown that the distortions can be reduced by about 75%.     

一种新的IGS精密星历插值算法

针对传统的滑动Lagrange多项式插值方法的不足,提出了一种新的顾及卫星实际运动特点的插值方法,并通过算例对比了两种方法的插值精度。结果表明,本文方法具有性能更优的星历内插外推能力,特别是其外推精度要高出传统方法一个数量级。     

高斯投影复变换与Maple计算机代数系统的实现方法

高斯投影的复变换与实变换相比具有独特的优势.使用Maple计算机代数系统,高斯投影正算及反算变换的核心就是方程求解及复积分计算.本文对高斯投影复变换进行了改进,只需建立正算变换计算式而不需要针对反算变换再建立一套变换计算式,给出了Maple系统方程求解的求根函数法以及复积分计算的积分级数分析法、椭圆积分函数法及直接积分...     

广阔范围内GPS网坐标系统转换模型的建立及精度分析

全球定位系统(GPS)技术己经在许多领域得到广泛的应用,由于GPS定位得到的观测成果通常是世界大地坐标系统WGS-84中的坐标或坐标差,但在实际应用中上需要的往往是地面点在国家坐标系或地方独立坐标系中的坐标.确立坐标系统转换模型并分析此模型的精度,根据至少3个公共点的两套大地坐标利用最小二乘法原理求出转换参数.本文以W...     

基于改进SQPM算法的三维直角坐标转换

给出了七参数三维直角坐标转换的严密表达式,将改进SQPM算法用于大旋转角的三维直角坐标转换。实验表明该方法能在大范围内实现收敛且结果稳定、精度较高,适合于大旋转角的三维直角坐标转换。     

坐标转换中大地高对平面坐标和高程的影响

验证大地高的不确定性对高程的影响和对平面坐标的影响,为具体工程实际应用提供参考依据.通过改变选定的重合点上的大地高,求得两套转换参数,并比较这两套转换参数求得的高斯平面坐标.通过不同数据验证,得出结论.     

地方独立坐标系统的建立及其实现

对建立地方独立坐标系统的原因、方法进行了分析,并借助于全球定位系统(GPS)的数据处理系统——TGO来实现,提出了两种GPS网在地方独立坐标系中的平差方法,同时结合实例给予验证。根据文中的方法,很容易实现国家坐标系统与地方独立坐标系统、不同坐标系统间的互换。