南岭东段强过铝质花岗岩中白云母研究

根据显微镜下观察和电子探针成分分析，南岭东段赣南和粤北5个强过铝质花岗岩中存在两类白云母，即原生白云母和次生白云母，原生白云母呈自形一半自形，端面清晰，未被其他矿物包裹，低Fe/(Fe Mg)值（＜0．75，原子数比）和富Ti(原子数≥0．05），Na(原子数≥0．10），Mg(原子数≥0．10），Al(原子数5．26），次生白云母一般表现为他形，端面不清晰，也可由其他矿物（如黑云母，斜长石）变化而来，说明它形成于亚固相条件；其成分为高Fe/(Fe Mg)值和贫Ni,Na,Mg,Al，由此反映了花岗岩残余岩浆的成分特点，因此，多数次生白云母是岩浆后期一后岩浆期的晚世代白云母，或与岩浆体系有关的水热白云母，根据白云母形成条件和形成过程的讨论，以及研究的5个岩体的同位素地质年龄值（337－155Ma)，推测赣南和粤北的强过铝质白云母花岗岩很可能是海西一印支运动挤压一逆冲作用使地壳增厚，诱发地壳深熔岩浆上侵结晶形成的，而且这一增厚－深熔－岩浆上侵的过程延续到燕山早期，因此，上述大的时代跨度的强过铝质花岗岩的存在标志着华南是特提斯构造域与太平洋构造域的衔接区。     

过铝花岗岩的成因类型与构造环境研究综述

概述了过铝花岗岩类的成因类型及形成的构造背景，特别介绍了过铝花岗岩岩浆的来源及其鉴别标志，指出过铝花岗岩岩浆按物质来源可分为壳源、幔源和壳幔混源三种类型，是地壳、地幔以及地壳物质与地幔物质相互混合和相互作用的结果，各种不同类型之间可能存在一种地壳源与地幔源之间的连续谱系，并简要介绍CPG和MPG两种主要过铝花岗岩的成因机制。提出了过铝花岗岩形成环境的综合判别准则，指出过铝花岗岩不仅要以形成于碰撞造山过程中的挤压性构造环境，而且可以形成于与岩石圈伸展作用相关的张性构造环境。     

西藏南部过铝花岗岩的分布及其意义

本文从西藏南部过铝花岗岩的岩带划分、空间分布和岩浆活动的峰期、规模等方面，总结了西藏南部过铝花岗岩时空分布的基本特点和规律：过铝花岗岩岩浆活动始于早侏罗世，在中新世达到峰期，且主要集中在20～10Ma；岩石类型主要有电气石花岗岩、白云母花岗岩和二云母花岗岩；冈底斯带过铝花岗岩岩浆活动具有由东到西、由南向北的迁移活动规律；西藏南部过铝花岗岩的形成时代可划分为5期。     

藏南洛扎地区过铝质花岗岩的地球化学特征及构造背景

洛扎及其以南地区分布有规模不等、产状不同的过铝质二云母(白云母)二长花岗岩和电气石二长花岗岩，这些岩体侵位的时代为中新世，构成了高喜马拉雅花岗岩带的东延部分。岩体以高铝、低镁铁组分，高锶、氧同位素比值为特征，地球化学研究显示它们是泥质岩的深熔作用和岩浆的结晶分异作用所形成的产物。过铝质花岗岩是在后碰撞造山作用阶段的大规模伸展拆离作用背景下沿拆离构造带侵位的，形成于藏南拆离系韧性活动阶段的晚期，是一种典型的后碰撞过铝质花岗岩。     

过铝质岩浆-热液演化体系中磷的地球化学行为

泥质岩部分熔融产生的过铝质岩浆中的P2O5含量受控于源区磷灰石含量、部分熔融程度和岩浆中磷灰石的溶解度.过铝质岩浆中的Ca、REE以及Y的活度低,阻碍了磷灰石、独居石以及磷钇矿等的结晶,碱性长石成为过铝质岩浆中P的主要寄主矿物,直到岩浆演化晚期,Li的活度增大,P才与Li形成磷铝锂石-羟磷铝锂石.进入以晶体、熔体和流体相共存为特征的岩浆-热液过渡阶段体系后,P的地球化学行为主要受流体/熔体相分配的制约,P优先进入到熔体相, 不太可能形成富P的流体.在热液阶段,长石晶体在Al-Si有序化过程中释放的结构P与流体介质所携带的Ca离子形成次生磷灰石.在热液蚀变过程中所形成的富P流体,很可能是某些Sn、W、Mn和U热液矿床的主要载体.     

内蒙古中部和林—凉城一带石榴花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及构造意义

内蒙古中部和林—凉城一带分布着大量石榴花岗岩,为强过铝(SP)花岗岩。通过对石榴花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究,表明其形成年代在1923~1958 Ma,为古元古代。通过对其岩石地球化学特征的分析,表明其花岗岩的源区成分为杂砂岩,部分熔融温度较高,且具有后碰撞阶段岩浆活动的特征。结合区域地质特征,该石榴花岗岩应是古元古代早期发生碰撞的阴山微陆块与鄂尔多斯微陆块由汇聚向伸展过渡,并伴随有玄武岩浆的底侵,高温的玄武质岩浆使地壳下部的杂砂岩在相对高温条件下(大于875℃)发生部分熔融的产物。     

内蒙古锡林浩特地区道伦达坝矿区花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

采用LA-ICP-MS技术对内蒙古道伦达坝铜多金属矿区花岗岩中的锆石进行了U-Pb同位素测定,获得~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为289.6±0.7Ma,表明岩体侵位于海西晚期。地球化学特征显示,该花岗岩具有强过铝质的特征,并与锡林浩特岩群片麻岩具有亲缘性,推测该期岩浆活动代表了碰撞高峰期后的岩石圈伸展事件。在这个过程中,岩石圈发生拆沉及随后的软流圈上涌或玄武岩浆的底侵,使下地壳的杂砂岩及黑云斜长片麻岩的温度迅速升高(大于875℃)而发生部分熔融形成强过铝质岩浆,同时该花岗岩又兼具火山弧的地球化学特征,推测可能与岩浆活动的滞后性有关,即俯冲板片的成分参与了岩浆的形成。结合区域内其他海西期岩体及海相地层的年代学和地球化学特征认为,该地区洋壳开始俯冲的时间应该在早石炭世末期,碰撞发生在早二叠世。     

Petrochemistry, Chronology and Tectonic Setting of Strong Peraluminous Anatectic Granitoids in Yunkai Orogenic Belt, Western Guangdong Province, China

INTRODUCTIONA suite of strongly deformed and metamor-phosed banded-augen (rapakivi) anatectic granitoids(charnockite) can be found at Dongzhen, Sihe ,Heshui and Baishi in Xinyi County , Changpo ,Gaozhou, Yunlu and Huanglingin Gaozhou County ,western Guangdong Province and Liuma , Tiantang-shan mountain in Luchuan County , and easternGuangxi in the Yunkai orogenic belt . Research onthe genesis and chronology of the granitoids has beenconducted by Mo et al . (1980) and Lin et al .(1…     

桂北新元古代强过铝花岗岩的成因：锆石年代学和Hf同位素制约

处于江南造山带的西端的桂北发育有大量前寒武纪火成岩,其中,强过铝花岗岩所占面积大于90%,镁铁-超镁铁质岩大约为8%。强过铝的花岗岩在地球化学特征上可分为花岗闪长岩和花岗岩两种类型。一些学者认为它们的形成与(超级)地幔柱活动和Rodinia超大陆的裂解有关。本文对桂北地区的花岗岩进行了La-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和La-MC-ICP- MS锆石Hf同位素研究,寨滚、本洞、峒马、三防和田朋岩体的形成年龄分别为835．8±2．5 Ma,822．7±3．8 Ma,824±13 Ma,804．3±5．2 Ma和794．2±8．1 Ma。定年结果表明,地球化学特征不同的两类花岗岩成岩年龄也不相同：花岗闪长岩的年龄为835～820 Ma,花岗岩则形成于810～800 Ma期间。锆石核部8个分析点和捕获锆石2个分析点给出了870 Ma到950 Ma的新元古代早期年龄值,可能记录了本区与江南造山带东部对应的950～870 Ma期间俯冲或碰撞导致的岩浆事件。本洞、三防和田朋岩体锆石的(~(196)Hf/~(177)Hf)_i比值分别为0．282176±0．000021、0．282149±0．000021和0．282175±0．000030。其ε(?)(t)值、Hf模式年龄与它们的ε_(Nd)(t)值、Nd模式年龄所展现出来的特征一致,表明桂北强过铝花岗岩主要是由基底沉积岩系部分熔融形成的,花岗闪长岩的源区有相对更多的幔源镁铁质组分。桂北这些花岗岩的年龄揭示了一个大约35Ma的岩浆事件,其形成不能用岩浆活动周期短(通常为1～5Ma)的地幔柱模型解释。这些花岗岩在构造判别图解中也位于碰撞和后碰撞区,形成于扬子和华夏板块间的碰撞高峰(约870Ma)之后,应属后碰撞花岗岩类。在俯冲板片折断和岩石圈拆沉之后,深部地幔的上涌和所伴随的拉张作用可能会导致基底岩石部分熔融产生了这些强过铝花岗岩。     

The Cornubian Batholith: an Example of Magmatic Fractionation on a Crustal Scale

Abstract. The Cornubian Batholith comprises six major and several smaller bodies of S‐type granite in southwestern England. These late‐Variscan granites comprise two‐mica granites, and much less abundant Li‐mica granites that are restricted to one of the major bodies (St Austell) and smaller bodies. Some of these intrusive rocks are associated with major Sn mineralization. This paper is concerned with the geochemistry of the two‐mica granites, which are felsic, strongly peraluminous, and have a high total alkali content and low Na:K. Rocks with very similar compositions to these granites occur elsewhere, including the Variscan granites of continental Europe, and in southeastern Australia. In detail all of the major plutons of this batholith have distinctive compositions, except for Bodmin Moor and Carnmenellis which cannot be discriminated from each other compositionally. A comparison with experimental data shows that the granites attained their major element composition under conditions of crystal‐liquid equilibrium, with the final melt being saturated in H₂O, at temperatures close to 770d?C and pressures about 50 MPa. That temperature estimate is in good agreement with values obtained from zircon saturation thermometry. The specific minimum‐temperature composition excludes the possibility of widespread transfer of elements during hydrothermal alteration. Minor elements that are relatively very abundant are Li, B, Cs and U, while F, Ga, Ge, Rb, Sn, Ta, W and Tl are quite abundant and P is high for felsic rocks. Sr, Ba, and the trace transition metals Sc to Zn, are low, but not as low as they commonly are in very felsic granites. These trace element abundances, and the EL₂O‐saturation, resulted from the fractional crystallization of a melt derived by the partial melting of feldspathic greywackes in the crust. The Cornubian granites have compositions very similar to the more felsic rocks of the Koetong Suite of southeastern Australia, where a full range of granites formed at the various stages of magmatic fractionation postulated for the Cornubian granites, can be observed. The operation of fractional crystallization in the Cornubian granites is confirmed by the high P abundances in the feldspars, with P contents of the plagioclase crystals correlating with Ab‐con‐tent Most of the granites represent solidified melt compositions but within the Dartmoor pluton there is a significant component of granites that are cumulative, shown by their higher Ca contents. The Cornubian plutons define areas of high heat flow, of a magnitude which requires that fractionated magmas were transported laterally from their sources and concentrated in the exposed plutons. The generation of these granite plutons therefore involved magmatic fractionation during the stages of partial melting, removal of unmelted material from that melt, and fractional crystallization. During the later stages of those processes, movement of those magmas occurred on a crustal scale.