Geochemistry and petrology of garnet‐bearing S‐type Shir‐Kuh Granite,southwest Yazd,Central Iran

The Jurassic Shir‐Kuh granitoid batholith in Central Iran intrudes Lower Jurassic sandstones and shales. The batholith consists of three main facies: (i) a granodioritic facies to the north; (ii) a monzogranitic facies spread throughout the batholith; and (iii) a leucogranitic facies along the northwestern margin. The granodiorites are composed mainly of plagioclase, quartz, K‐feldspar, biotite, and some muscovite, garnet, cordierite, ilmenite, zircon, apatite, and monazite. This facies contains variable amounts of restite minerals which are mainly defined by calcic plagioclase cores and small aggregates of biotite. The monzogranites, with mineral assemblages similar to those in the granodiorites, range from relatively mafic (cordierite‐bearing) to felsic (muscovite‐rich) rocks. The leucogranites, exposed as small stock and dykes, consist mainly of quartz, K‐feldspar, and sodic plagioclase. The batholith is peraluminous, calc‐alkaline, and typical of S‐type, as indicated by Na₂O content (2.74%), molecular Al₂O₃/(CaO + Na₂O + K₂O) (A/CNK) ratio (1.17), K₂O/Na₂O ratio (1.39), and isotopic data ([⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr]_i = 0.715). The rocks are characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements such as Rb, Th and K and depletion in high field strength elements such as Nb and Ti. Chondrite‐normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns are characterized by light rare earth element (LREE) enrichment, with values of (La/Yb)_N between 4.5 and 19.53, unfractionated heavy rare earth element (HREE) with values of (Gd/Yb)_N between 0.98 and 2.88, and a distinct negative Eu. The parental magma of the Shir‐Kuh Granite was derived from a plagioclase‐rich metasedimentary source (local anatexis of metagreywacke) in the crust, with heat input from mantle melt components. The separation of restite crystals from the primary melt followed by the fractional crystallization appears to have been an effective differentiation process in the batholith.     

Petrology and geochemical characteristics of Precambrian granitic basement complex rocks in the southernmost part of North-Central Nigeria

The Precambrian basement complex in the southernmost part of North-Central Nigeria is underlain by migmatitic banded gneisses, granitic intrusions and dykes of dolerite, rhyolite porphyry and pegmatite. The rocks are generally felsic, containing modal and normative hypersthene, as well as normative corundum. The basement complex has experienced high-grade regional metamorphism as indicated by the presence of hypersthene and plagioclase of andesine composition. Anatectic melting is suggested by the occurrence of ptygmatic folds, folded gneissose foliation, numerous quartzo-feldspathic veins and lenses of dark-colured, micaceous schistose rocks. Geochemically, the rocks have magnesian, calc-alkalic and strongly peraluminous characteristics. Their overall characteristics suggest derivation from progressive (fractional) partial melting of pelitic rocks during high-grade regional metamorphism, possibly associated with intense hydrothermal activities. The magnesian characteristics reflect close affinity to relatively hydrous, oxidizing melts and source regions in settings broadly related to subduction.     

Post-Orogenic Granites in Pingwu Region, Northwest Sichuan: Evidence for North China Block and Yangtze Block Collision during Triassic

The Nanyili (南一里), Laohegou (老河沟), and Shaiziyan (筛子岩) granitic intrusions are located in the southern margin of the Bikou (碧口) block in Pingwu (平武) area, Northwest Sichuan (四川). The petrography and geochemical characteristics of the granitic intrusions as well as their source and tectonic settings are reported and discussed in this article. The Laohegou and Shaiziyan granites are with high SiO2 (69.89 wt.%-73.05 wt.%) and Al2O3 contents, and A/CNK=1.04-1.12. They are typi-cal strongly peraluminous granites, with supersaturation in Al and Si. The abundance of ∑REE varies in the range of (33.13-89.12)×106. The rocks show an LREE enrichment pattern and obvious Eu nega-tive anomaly. The trace element geochemistry is characterized evidently by a negative anomaly of Ta, Nb, Ti, etc. and a positive anomaly of Rb, Ba, Sr, etc.. Zircons of the Nanyili granite have higher Th/U ratios, and their CL images have internal oscillatory zoning, suggesting that the zircons of the samples are igneous in origin. The LA ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotopic concordia diagram yields an age of 223.1±2.6 Ma (MSWD=1.4), which indicates that the granodiorite intrusions formed in the early Late Triassic. The Nanyili, Laohegou, and Shaiziyan granites have the characteristics of post-eollisional granites and are regarded as post-orogenic granites. Thus, the granite intrusions are interpreted as syn-collisional granites that resulted from the crustal thickening caused by the collisions between the North China plate and the Yangtze plate during the Indosinian. The granitic intrusions formed in a transitional environment from syn- (compres-slonal environment) to post-collision (extensionalenvironment).     

皖南前寒武纪花岗岩类中的岩石包体

皖南3个著名的强过铝花岗闪长岩岩体,是晚元古代时期以洋壳(包括上覆沉积岩)为主要源岩,经部分熔融形成的侵入体。笔者认为广泛产于其中的岩石包体的成分多种多样,类型复杂,是不同时期岩浆作用的产物,是认识与之相关的寄主花岗岩成因的重要线索。     

赣南白面石过铝花岗岩基底为6710铀矿田提供成矿物质的地球化学佐证

采用活动性U、Th溶浸实验、Pb同位素组成示踪、微量元素及稀土元素地球化学对比等方法，对6710铀矿田内含矿砂岩、玄武岩、流纹斑岩、花岗岩和片麻岩进行了综合研究，结果表明：(1)白面石岩体二云母花岗岩的活动铀浸出率高达56．3％，平均为33．7％，而双峰式火山岩组合的活动铀浸出率最低，仅为7．8％(流纹斑岩)—2．1％(玄武岩)；(2)根据花岗岩Pb同位素计算，白面石花岗岩以铀迁移带出(△U＝—12％——23．9％)为特征；(3)与其他围岩相比，含矿砂岩的微量元素地球化学特征与白面石花岗岩最为相似，其Q型逐步聚类分析的SP(相似距离系数)为1．87。这为6710铀矿田的成矿物质主要来自白面石过铝花岗岩基底的观点提供了地球化学佐证。     

粤北下庄矿田帽峰岩体的岩石地球化学特征

从主元素、微量元素、稀土元素的四分组效应及结合已有的锶同位素比值等方面研究了帽峰岩体的岩石地球化学特征,研究结果表明:(1)帽峰岩体具有富铝、硅和碱,A/CNK平均值为1.2,A′为正值等主量元素特征,富含石榴石、白云母等过铝矿物,强烈的铕亏损(δEu=0.01～0.25)及基本上无轻重稀土分异的稀土元素配分特征等,表明帽峰岩体是强过铝花岗岩,其物质来源主要是壳源;与同区域其它岩体相比较低的锶同位素比值((87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7185)是伴随着区域伸展构造所带来的幔源流体成分叠加所导致的。(2)帽峰岩体具有较为典型的稀土元素四分组效应,较低的Y/Ho比值(<28)及Zr/Hf比值(7.52～24.75),岩体的锆石年龄老(207.6±3.2Ma),而白云母KAr年龄(141.2Ma)与区域地壳伸展年龄(140Ma)及铀矿体的形成时代(138Ma)相接近,且岩体中常见碳酸盐团块,因此帽峰岩体较为典型的稀土元素的四分组效应是伴随着区域伸展和铀成矿过程与重碳酸络合物有关的流体之间的相互作用形成的。     

粤北下庄花岗岩地球化学特征与成因研究

印支期下庄花岗岩是粤北贵东复式花岗岩体的重要组成部分, 其岩石的主要元素显示出富硅、富碱、过铝质等特征; 微量元素表现为富集Rb、Th、U、Ce、Sm、Y, 亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti;LREE轻微富集 (LREE/HREE=7 .54~11 18, (La/Yb)N=7 .36~16.03), Eu亏损明显 (δEu=0 .24~0 .33); 构造环境判别显示下庄花岗岩属于后碰撞花岗岩范畴。这些特征表明, 下庄岩体属于典型的壳源型花岗岩, 是在地壳伸展减薄的构造背景下, 通过以泥质岩和砂质岩组成的古元古代变质沉积岩部分熔融而形成。     

西藏过铝花岗岩矿物化学特征及其岩石学意义

本文系统地讨论了西藏过铝花岗岩中斜长石、钾长石、黑云母、白云母和电气石的矿物化学特征。结果表明：岩石中的斜长石均以Ab为主，占78．73％。100％，An分子为0．13％～18．93％，而Or分子仅为0．19％-3．74％；在长石的成分分类图解中多分布于更长石区内，少量分布于钠长石区。钾长石的端元组分中Or含量最高，为81％-98．48％，Ab为1.52％～19．00％，基本不含An分子，在成分分类图解中集中分布在Ab-Or线的正长石区内。斜长石中Ab〉An〉Or，主要属更长石，极少量为中长石；钾长石具有高Or含量，显示Or〉〉Ab〉〉An，属钾透长石。白云母在以22爪氧原子计算的分子式中，Si与Al的阳离子数均较高，其中Si为6．0575-6.6412，属多硅白云母；黑云母中Si阳离子数绝大多数小于6，值介于5．3227-6．1265之间，平均为5．5718；Al离子数为1．8735-2．6464，四面体配位为Si、Al^Ⅳ所占据，八面体配位的阳离子中Al^Ⅵ为0．2101-1．7388，大离子位中以K为主。过铝花岗岩中黑云母的Mg／（Mg＋Fe）比全岩的Mg／（Mg＋Fe）比值略高，但二者具有正相关关系，说明了其成因仍以岩浆成因为主。在云母类矿物的成因图解显示，研究区内大多数黑云母均位于C区，属壳源。     

西藏羌塘达尔应强过铝花岗岩地球化学特征及地球动力学意义

羌塘地块中部达尔应首次发现强过铝质的二云母碱长花岗岩、白云母碱长花岗岩、电气石白云母碱长花岗岩,通过地球化学研究显示其SiO2、Al2O3和K2O质量分数均很高,以高铝、低镁铁为特征,A/CNK比值大于1.1,属典型的含白云母强过铝质花岗岩。稀土元素总量为(10.65~100.02)×10-6,配分曲线显示铕负异常明显。Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素具有负异常,而Rb、Th、Y等大离子亲石元素具有明显的正异常。岩浆源区可能以粘土岩为主,是成熟陆块部分熔融作用的结果。微量元素标准化蛛网图、岩石组合R1-R2图解、Rb-Hf-Ta判别图、Rb-(Yb Nb)和Rb-(Yb Ta)图解均指示达尔应岩体是产生于同碰撞环境的花岗岩,它是冈玛错构造带在碰撞阶段过程中的岩浆岩记录。     

西藏尼玛县南部中晚侏罗世松木果强过铝花岗岩带的发现及其意义

班公湖-怒江结合带南80-100km处,分布着一条东西长度超过100km的强过铝(SP)花岗岩带,由松木果岩体、央雄勒岩体等数个岩体构成。岩体侵位于昂孜错-色热巴断裂南北两侧,包含5次侵入事件,均属高钾钙碱性强过铝花岗岩类,是后碰撞型SP花岗岩,时代为中-晚侏罗世。研究认为,岩带的形成与班公湖-怒江结合带尼玛段中侏罗世之前向南俯冲闭合作用有关,SP花岗岩带的有限长度和相对区域上早的侵位时代还表明,中特提斯洋是多块体、分时段闭合的。