小秦岭构造岩及其与金矿化关系

根据小秦岭地区含金石英脉与糜棱岩的空间分布关系可将石英脉分为交代脉、拉张脉、剪切脉、角砾岩脉和裂隙脉等五种类型，它们是不同构造阶段的产物。脉体宏观构造、微观构造、包体测压数据及石英Ｘ射线研究表明，脉体的充填、定位与容矿空间扩张同时形成，容矿空间的形成是含金热液液压致裂作用的直接结果。本文详细研究了构造岩的岩石学、岩相学特征，并对构造岩的形成条件及与金矿化关系等做了初步探讨     

Metamorphism and tectonic evolution of the Shangdan fault zone, Shaanxi, China

Abstract The Shangdan fault in the Qinling Orogenic Belt of China is an important boundary between the Caledonian North Qinling Fold Belt and the Hercynian South Qinling Fold Belt. In the Danfeng area, the fault zone strikes WNW–ESE and comprises four strongly deformed zones and three weakly deformed domains parallel to each other. The fault zone has a complex history of multiple deformation and each domain has a different tectonic style that was formed at different stages of the deformation.
The rocks exposed in the weakly deformed domains belong to the Qinling, Danfeng and Liuling Groups. In this paper, the mineral chemistry and mineral assemblages are used to infer the metamorphic conditions and the P–T paths of these units. The metamorphic units in and near the fault zone have different metamorphic conditions and histories that are correlated with the tectonic evolution of the fault zone. Caledonian–Hercynian uplift and southward thrusting of the Proterozoic Qinling Group, over the Danfeng and the Liuling Groups, produced the main metamorphic and tectonic features of the fault zone. Folding of both the Liuling Group and the thrust faults during the Hercynian–Indosinian was accompanied by northward thrusting.     

敦密断裂带走滑运动的^40Ar／^39Ar年代学证据

敦密断裂带是郯庐断裂带北段最重要的分支,其大规模左旋走滑剪切时代一直是悬而未决的科学问题。野外构造解析和显微构造分析表明,密山县知一镇附近的敦密韧性剪切带为左旋剪切带,变形温度约450~650℃。在韧性剪切带糜棱岩中获得黑云母单矿物的40Ar/36Ar-39Ar/36Ar等时线年龄值为(161±3)Ma,结合完达山地体的走滑拼贴时代,认为敦密断裂带在中侏罗世末期发生强烈的左旋走滑运动。这一年代学数据反映了在滨太平洋构造域构造活动期间,郯庐断裂被利用而再次发生左旋走滑,并向北扩展到东北地区。敦密断裂走滑运动时代与完达山地体的走滑-拼贴增生时代吻合,两者是相同大地构造背景中的产物。     

华北陆台北缘糜棱岩型金矿地质特征及找矿方向

以排山楼金矿床和八亩地金矿点为例,总结了华北陆台北缘韧性剪切糜棱岩型金矿的地质特征:①地处地体边界的多期复杂活动带;②韧脆性剪切富集金,矿化局限于糜棱岩内;金矿与韧性剪切糜棱岩二者同生;③含金纹带状集合体组成主要为细粒石英和黄铁矿;④矿体呈透镜状,金的集合体在糜棱岩中与糜棱面理呈整合关系;⑤矿石主要组分不是简单的裂隙充填物,而是动态重结晶的产物,表明成矿是活化或复活的韧性剪切作用的产物;⑥蚀变为弱绢云母化、绿泥石化和碳酸盐化.     

Development of composite planar fabric in mylonites along the Median Tectonic Line, southwest Japan

Abstract Mylonites along the Median Tectonic Line, southwest Japan commonly contain shear bands comprising S(-C)-Ss fabrics. This paper stresses the lithologic control on the orientation, dimension and development of shear bands by comparing the microstructure of the shear bands in different rock types (P mylonites, F mylonites, micaceous phyllonite and quartzose phyllonite). There is no significant change of the α angles (average 21–24°) between Ss and S toward the centre of the shear zone (viz. increasing the intensity of mylonitization) and it is different from the S-C relationship in a narrow sense.
The generation of the composite planar fabric can be classified into four different strain partitioning models: S only type without any slip surface (model A); S-C type (model B); S-Ss type with Ss-slip precedence (model C), and S-Ss type with S-slip precedence (model D). Model C is proposed in this paper and is similar to the model for the generation of Riedel shears in brittle shear zones. An unstable slip between porphyroclasts and the matrix during ductile flow can easily initiate shear bands. Formation of a composite planar fabric is initiated according to model A, followed by model C in conditions of increasing strain, and then model D when the angle between S and the shear zone boundary becomes small enough (α/2 = 10°) to produce S-slip. Thus the generation of the shear bands probably begins in the early stages of shear deformation and continues until the latest stages.     

金厂峪 韧性剪切带对金矿形成的控制

金厂峪韧性剪切带具有多期多阶段长期演化历史,可以划分为两期变形。早期变形是塑性变形,主要形成各种类型糜棱岩,是等化学变形。晚期变肜作用是韧脆性变形,主要形成片糜岩,是非等化学变形。在晚期变形过程中SiO_2和金等成矿元素从围岩中所出,然后迁移至低压空间沉淀成矿,表明成矿作用和晚期韧性变形作用是同时发生的。     

焦家断裂带对成矿的制约

焦家金矿田内矿体稳定、规模巨大,勘查深度已超过2000m,探获金金属量已超千吨,是我国重要的金矿产地。矿体严格受NNE向焦家断裂带控制,产状与构造面产状基本一致。从断层岩岩性和构造面表面形态入手,构建了三维构造模型,研究了断层面形态和断层岩岩性差异对成矿的约束作用。系统收集焦家金矿田内500个钻孔地质资料,通过二维三维相结合方式,发现断层岩岩性从浅部向深部发生明显变化,由断层泥渐变为糜棱岩,而上盘矿体数量和蚀变分带也随着断层岩的改变发生明显变化。对构造面进行表面坡度分析,发现矿体主要赋存在表面坡度较小部位,且沿倾向上表面坡度由陡急速变缓部位易于形成厚大矿体。     

高精度磁法在大板金矿勘查中的应用

大板金矿位于华北地台北缘 ,山海关—北镇隆起北段，空间上分布于排山楼金矿北东端。应用高精度磁测结果对大板金矿区的基底构造、断裂构造格架进行分析，追索和圈定含金糜棱岩带，结果表明，从构造格架上看大板金矿与排山楼金矿既有可比性，又具其独特性；高磁推断的近东西向糜棱岩带为本区金成矿有利地段。大板金矿高精度磁测找矿实践证明，在提高信息密度的前提下，利用高磁对金矿直接进行圈定是可行的。     

粤西河台金矿田糜棱岩XRD特征及其地质意义

粤西河台金矿田位于钦州湾—杭州湾（钦—杭）结合带南段的云开地区,是典型的受韧性剪切带控制的金矿。然而,对于剪切带中有利于金成矿的地质环境及其成矿过程仍然存在争议。本文在对河台矿区高村矿床进行详细野外地质调查的基础上,通过X射线衍射（XRD）对含金剪切带中各类糜棱岩系列岩石进行系统研究,建立应力变化—成分变异的对比序列,从而进一步揭示剪切变形与金矿化的关系。结果显示,剪切带中白（绢）云母的含量在9%~40%,并且在初糜棱岩、无矿糜棱岩、含矿糜棱岩、无矿超糜棱岩、含矿超糜棱岩中呈现出逐渐递增的趋势。白（绢）云母主要为2M1型,b0值在 0.55505~0.99002 nm之间,初糜棱岩＜无矿糜棱岩＜ 无矿超糜棱岩,分别指示低压、中压和高压环境。可见,从初糜棱岩到超糜棱岩,随着变形强度的增加,热液活动也随之增强,从而新生成了大量白（绢）云母。然而,在含矿的糜棱岩和超糜棱岩中还存在一些低压白云母,推测其可能是在后期脆性裂隙中由于流体活动所新形成的。因此,成矿可能经历了两个阶段,即早期的韧性剪切变形阶段导致金的初步富集,后期叠加的脆性破裂阶段形成具有工业品位的矿体。另外,无矿超糜棱岩的石英含量（29.8%）明显低于糜棱岩（44.2%）,推测在形成石英脉型矿体过程中,部分热液可能来自于其围岩超糜棱岩。因此,相对于初糜棱岩和糜棱岩,超糜棱岩中更有利于金矿的形成。     

Estimation of flow stresses in mylonitic quartzites of parts of Singhbhum shear zone,Bihar, eastern India

Recrystallized grain size was measured from quartzite mylonite specimens collected from parts of Singhbhum shear zone in eastern India. The specimens were collected along five traverses (Mushabani, Pathargora, Surda, Rakha and Jadugoda) across the elongation of the shear zone. The sheared quartzites range from protomylonite through mylonite to ultramylonite. The microstructural studies of the specimens reflect that dynamic recrystallization was the main deformation process. Estimation of flow stresses were derived from these specimens using empirical equations relating to flow stress and recrystallized grain size. The calculated stresses range from 12–28 MPa (Mercieret al 1977), 23–49 MPa (Twiss 1977), 20–68 MPa (Christie and Ord 1980), considering all the traverses. The results show that these values can only be used semiquantitatively.