构造地层学及构造岩片填图法在大陆造山带的应用

本文着重分析了依据地层垂直叠覆和侧向连续延伸原理和法则所建立的地层学工作方法，应用于大陆造山带所遇到的普遍性问题和困难。提出将大陆造山带的地层体划分为斯密斯型、有限斯密型和非斯密型三种基本类型，并重点论述了有关构造岩石地层、混杂堆积岩、变质杂岩等的划分与命名方案，提出了造山带地层学研究的工作准则和构造岩片填图法在１：５万区调中的具体应用与实施要点。     

陇县店子上片麻状地质体本来面目的恢复及地质矿产意义

在一比五万区调中依据岩貌、接触关系、产状、包体、组构、岩石化学和地球化学诸方面的资料，恢复并论述了店子上一带片麻状地质体的本来面目，证明其为片麻状闪长岩，并非变质表壳岩，确定了其在测区岩浆演化序列中的位置；并对岩浆侵位与成矿作用之间的关系进行了探讨。     

造山带高压、超高压变质岩形成和折返的地球动力学研究─—以中国中部为例

秦岭、大别、苏鲁地区是横亘中国中部的复合型大陆造山带，已成为世界高压、超高压变质岩研究的典型地区，在大陆动力学研究中具重要意义。本文综述了该带高压、超高压变质岩的多样性、多期性、区域分带性和形成折返的四种模式，即碰撞外来岩块模式、俯冲－碰撞－逆冲模式、碰撞－走滑转换－逆冲推覆模式和多期多成因复合模式。并指出高压、超高压变质岩的原岩属性、形成时代、ｐＴｔ轨迹、形成深度和岩浆作用等是深入研究形成和折返机制的关键问题。强调以构造为主的多学科综合研究是解决其地球动力作用过程的有效途径。     

Mineral Composition and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of the Eclogitic Rocks in the Eastern Dabie Mountains and Their Genetic Implication

There are obvious differences in the mineral assemblage and metamorphic P-T conditions between the eclogites from the northern and southern parts of the eastern Dabie Mountains. Those from the northern part of the mountains are developed in Alpine peridotite and gneiss. They have a mineral assemblage of garnet+diopside with no quartz, and were formed at temperatures of 600℃-740℃. Those from the southern part are developed in gneiss and marble. They consist of garnet+omphacite+less quartz and were metamorphosed at temperatures in the range of 650°-800℃. These differences suggest that the former may be formed during the metamorphism of the deep subducted oceanic crust, whereas the latter may be genetically related to the subduction of the continental crust in this area.     

条带状构造及矿物变形的研究——以冀东太古宙高级区为例

笔者发现冀东地区的混合岩化条带只是局部现象,而大部分条带构造与变形作用有关,根据成因不同,可将条带状构造划分为三种类型:①复合条带;②构造置换条带;③变质构造分异条带,其中变质构造分异条带分布最为广泛,组成这种条带的矿物在不同构造相中各有其变形特点。     

东秦岭商丹断裂带中松树沟超镁铁质岩系地球化学研究

东秦岭商丹断裂带中松树沟超镁铁质岩体由两类橄榄岩组成。其中,第Ⅱ类橄榄岩的化学成分非常局限,高度富集Co,Cr,Ni,贫乏Ti,V,Cu,Y;亏损不相容元素(K+Na,Al.Sr.Ba.Nd,Ga和REE);稀土元素和同位素特征揭示它代表本区早期地幔分离部分熔融的残余部分,并作为本区元古代洋壳蛇绿岩底部的变质橄榄岩。而第Ⅰ类橄榄岩的岩石化学成分,微量元素和同位素表明,它不与第Ⅱ类橄榄岩同源,属橄榄石堆积晶渣和原生岩浆的混合物,具有洋壳蛇绿岩中堆晶杂岩的性质,两类橄榄岩的成因和演化历史相互独立,通过构造侵位伴生,并共同代表本区元古代洋壳残片。     

滇西澜沧变质带中白云母b_0值特征及其多期变质作用意义

滇西澜沧变质带中199件白云母b_0值分析结果表明,b_0值均在0.9020nm以上。与澜沧变质带遭受蓝片岩相高压变质作用的事实相吻合。此外,白云母b_0值的统计规律显示,澜沧变质带经历了多期变质作用,一期为高压变质作用,另一期为中压变质作用,这也与已知的地质现象相符。由此可见,白云母b_0值可以很好地反映多期变质作用。     

Fluid infiltration and regional metamorphism of the Waits River Formation, north-east Vermont, USA

Abstract The Siluro-Devonian Waits River Formation of north-east Vermont was deformed, intruded by plutons and regionally metamorphosed during the Devonian Acadian Orogeny. Five metamorphic zones were mapped based on the mineralogy of carbonate rocks. From low to high grade, these are: (1) ankerite-albite, (2) ankerite-oligoclase, (3) biotite, (4) amphibole and (5) diopside zones. Pressure was near 4.5kbar and temperature varied from c. 450° C in the ankerite-albite zone to c. 525° C in the diopside zone. Fluid composition for all metamorphic zones was estimated from mineral equilibria. Average calculated χ_co2[= CO₂/(CO₂+ H₂O)] of fluid in equilibrium with the marls increases with increasing grade from 0.05 in the ankerite-oligoclase zone, to 0.25 in the biotite zone and to 0.44 in the amphibole zone. In the diopside zone, χ_CO2 decreases to 0.06. Model prograde metamorphic reactions were derived from measured modes, mineral chemistry, and whole-rock chemistry. Prograde reactions involved decarbonation with an evolved volatile mixture of χ_CO2 > 0.50. The χ_CO2 of fluid in equilibrium with rocks from all zones, however, was generally <0.40. This difference attests to the infiltration of a reactive H₂O-rich fluid during metamorphism. Metamorphosed carbonate rocks from the formation suggests that both heat flow and pervasive infiltration of a reactive H₂O-rich fluid drove mineral reactions during metamorphism. Average time-integrated volume fluxes (cm³ fluid/cm² rock), calculated from the standard equation for coupled fluid flow and reaction in porous media, are (1) ankerite-oligoclase zone: c. 1 × 10⁴; (2) biotite zone: c. 3 × 10⁴; (3) amphibole zone: c. 10 × 10⁴; and diopside zone: c. 60 × 10⁴. The increase in calculated flux with increasing grade is at least in part the result of internal production of volatiles from prograde reactions in pelitic schists and metacarbonate rocks within the Waits River Formation. The mapped pattern of time-integrated fluxes indicates that the Strafford-Willoughby Arch and the numerous igneous intrusions in the field area focused fluid flow during metamorphism. Many rock specimens in the diopside zone experienced extreme alkali depletion and also record low χ_CO2. Metamorphic fluids in equilibrium with diopside zone rocks may therefore represent a mixture of acid, H₂O-rich fluids given off by the crystallizing magmas, and CO₂-H₂O fluids produced by devolatilization reactions in the host marls. Higher fluxes and different fluid compositions recorded near the plutons suggest that pluton-driven hydrothermal cells were local highs in the larger regional metamorphic hydrothermal system.     

洪镇变质核杂岩及其成矿意义

位于长江中下游地洼区中的洪镇地区出露了变形变质的元古界结晶基底,并伴有主动侵位的燕山期花岗岩。在结晶基底与侏罗系至第三系基本没有变形变质的“稳定盖层”之间的“活动盖层”中可划分出三个滑脱剥离系,它们分别山元古界与寒武系、泥盆系与石炭系、中三叠统月山组与铜头尖组三个主剥离断层及其上盘相关的正断层系组成。本区包括变质杂岩核、基底剥离断层、“活动盖层”和“稳定盖层”的构造组合。具有不同于科迪勒拉型变质核杂岩的结构特征,称之为陆内伸展型变质核杂岩。它表现出上地幔隆升和中,上地壳多层次拆离、减薄,并控制了燕山期中酸性岩浆岩体的侵位方式和层状多金属矿床的分布、形态和成矿机理。