东昆仑约格鲁岩体暗色微粒包体特征及成因

对东昆仑约格鲁花岗岩体中暗色微粒包体的形态、大小、成分和分布等主要特征进行了较详细地研究。发现包体形态多样,以强烈的塑性流变为特征;包体大小悬殊,多数直径为几十厘米,最大者长轴达4m;包体成分以闪长质为主,结构总体上比寄主岩石的粒度细,岩体中不同部位的包体成分和结构都有所变化;包体分布不均匀,经常呈族状、条带状密集分布,具定向性。镜下研究发现,在包体中经常见到针状磷灰石、石英捕虏晶和斜长石的自形内核环带及增生边等现象,显示了岩浆混合成因的特点。     

龙胜地区镁铁质侵入体:年龄及其地质意义

对镁铁质侵入体进行了单颗粒锆石U-Pb年代学和Sm-Nd同位素示踪研究。结果表明:镁铁质侵入体是起源于长期亏损地幔源区的岩浆在760Ma侵位结晶的产物,其侵位过程中遭受地壳物质的混染。该年龄结果限定了丹洲群地层的沉积上限年龄,并为龙胜地区不存在蛇绿岩套的认识提供重要的年代学制约。镁铁质岩浆的形成、侵位可能与Rodinia超大陆～825Ma裂解之后的另一次裂解事件相联系。     

Garnet-bearing Granulite Facies Rock Xenoliths from Late Mesozoic Volcaniclastic Breccia, Xinyang, Henan Province

This paper presents the primary results of petrologic, mineralogical and petrochemical studies of garnet-bearing granulite facies rock xenoliths from Xinyang, Henan Province. These xenoliths, which are found in a pipe of late Mesozoic volcaniclastic breccia, are of high density (3.13-3.30 g/cm3) and high seismic velocity (Vp = 7.04-7.31 km/s), being products of underplating of basaltic magmas and had experienced granulite facies metamorphism. The underplating and metamorphism took place before the eruption of the host rock. Petrographical studies and equilibrium T-P calculations show that these xenoliths were captured at a 49 km depth and experienced at least a 16 km uplift before they were captured. The dynamics of the uplift could be related to the continent-continent collision between the North China plate and the Yangtze plate during the Triassic.     

博格达山白杨河地区中基性岩墙地球化学特征及其地质意义

白杨河地区中基性岩墙地球化学研究显示,该岩墙属于亚碱性系列,为岩浆高度演化的产物,轻稀土元素适度富集,轻重稀土分异中等,Nb、Ta强烈亏损,Ti、Zr和Hf适度亏损,不相容元素(K、Rb、Ba、Sr、LREE)与Pb富集,说明该岩墙源自与俯冲作用有关的交代地幔,且在侵位过程中受到地壳物质的混染。该岩墙侵位时期可能为270~250Ma左右,为造山期后伸展环境下的产物,是中亚造山带后碰撞阶段陆壳垂向生长的重要标志。     

Mineralogical and geochemical study of a newly discovered mafic granulite, northwest China: Implications for tectonic evolution of the Altay Orogenic Belt

Abstract A mafic granulite body was newly discovered in the Altay Orogenic Belt, northwest China. The rocks comprise a suite of coarse‐grained and fine‐grained granulites. Orthopyroxenes (hypersthenes) in the rocks have high X_Mg and low Al₂O₃ contents, whereas clinopyroxenes have low TiO₂ and Al₂O₃ contents. Amphiboles and biotites have a high Mg/(Mg + Fe²⁺) ratio and low contents of F and Cl. The peak metamorphic pressure–temperature (P–T) conditions are estimated as 750–780°C and 6–7 kbar, and retrograde P–T conditions are in the range of 590–620°C and 2.3–3.7 kbar, indicating significant decompression. Metamorphic reactions and P–T estimates define a clockwise P–T path. Geochemically, the rocks are high in Mg/(Mg + Fe) and Al₂O₃, depleted in U, Th, K and Rb, and characterized by light rare earth element enrichment and a weak positive Eu anomaly. The Altay mafic granulite shows depleted Nb, P and Ti contents in the mid‐oceanic ridge basalt normalized spider diagram. The geochemical characteristics suggest that the protolith of the Altay mafic granulite was calc‐alkaline basalt and andesite with an island‐arc affinity. The rock has a high ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ratio with ?Nd(0) > 0, indicating derivation from a mantle‐depleted source. In the present study, a two‐stage model for the evolution of the Altay mafic granulite is proposed: an early stage in which calc‐alkaline basalt and andesite with island‐arc affinity were subducted into a deeper level of the crust and subjected to granulite‐facies metamorphism generating the mafic granulite, followed by the later stage exhumation of the system into the upper crust by the late Paleozoic thrusting.     

油罐区砖砌防火堤的抗震验算

介绍了油罐区砖砌防火堤的抗震验算基本原理和方法,并按照验算方法实现其通用化计算。防火堤主要受到4种荷载作用,即自重惯性力及其引起的弯矩、堤内静液压力及其引起的弯矩、堤内动液压力及其引起的弯矩、自重引起的垂直力。按不同烈度要求计算得到4种荷载作用校核堤的截面抗力和地基强度。通过两个算例检验该方法在抗震鉴定中的应用。两个防火堤典型断面的截面强度、抗滑动及抗倾覆稳定性、地基强度验算结果分别符合抗震设防7度和8度要求。防火堤作为备用体系,其抗震验算程序的通用性具有实用意义。     

广西桂林庙头上泥盆统融县组中的灰岩脉和角砾灰岩体及其成因

广西桂林庙头上泥盆统融县组台地边缘相具鸟眼或溶孔砂屑生屑藻粘结灰岩中发育了大量灰岩脉，灰岩脉呈岩墙状近直立地切过围岩，露头上可见连续垂直延伸长度达十余米，脉内仍是上泥盆统融县组灰岩组分，仅比围岩稍晚或同时代的：角砾状退白云石化藻粘结灰岩、角砾状藻粘结灰岩（快速堆积，角砾多数来自围岩）、细鲕粒颗粒灰岩、含钙球砂屑粒泥灰岩、藻砂屑腹足泥粒灰岩（正常沉积或液化变形软沉积流，均高于围岩层位）及大量栉壳状方解石脉（张性环境）等，灰岩脉内可见软沉积物变形痕迹及液化脉（地震液化），晚期灰岩脉可穿插早期灰岩脉；在其西侧同层位共生有一套楔状（地裂缝）、不规则状角砾灰岩体，角砾棱角状，大小不等，成分是灰色中厚层角砾状藻粘结灰岩、含钙球砂屑粒泥灰岩等。笔者等注意到灰岩脉均出露在北东向正断层的下盘（东侧），而角砾灰岩体则均出露在该断层的上盘（西侧），事实上，灰岩脉及角砾灰岩体分布走向与北东向断层走向一致，角砾灰岩体中的角砾成分显示其来自较灰岩脉围岩稍高层位，与灰岩脉内充填岩性相近，因此，是该断层控制了当时的沉积，此断层是晚泥盆世台地边缘同沉积正断层；灰岩脉是与断层伴生的张性裂隙被围岩角砾或稍晚时段的沉积物充填；角砾灰岩体是同沉积正断层形成的断层崖崩落角砾岩，指示一个消失殆尽的晚泥盆世碳酸盐岩同沉积正断层陡崖，因而，桂林台地，至少西段台地边缘，是与右江各孤立台地边缘一样——在地质图上应标示为同沉积正断层边界。其构造意义是：庙头地区的灰岩脉、角砾灰岩体及同沉积断层是桂林台地对晚泥盆世构造伸展作用的响应，从而说明广西晚古生代的板块拉张，不是从二叠纪才开始的，而是至少从晚泥盆世就开始了；晚古生代至早三叠世持续的孤立台地与深水盆地相间的古地理格局，是在晚泥盆世就奠定了基础。     

SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age,geochemistry and Nd-Hf isotope of Neoproterozoic mafic dyke swarms in western Sichuan:Petrogenesis and tectonic significance

Neoproterozoic magmatic rocks are widespread in the western margin of the Yangtze block, and their origin and genesis have significant implications for understanding the evolution of the Rodinia super- continent. However, there are currently two opposing interpretations for their petrogenesis and tectonic setting: mantle plume-related and island arc origin. To further verify these two competing models, SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age determinations and geochemical and Nd-Hf isotopic analyses are conducted on the mafic dykes in the Kangdian Rift, western Sichuan. U-Pb dating suggests that these mafic dykes were emplaced at 780―760 Ma, spatially and temporally coeval with the Kangding granitoid complex. The parental magmas of these dykes were derived from a depleted asthenosphere mantle source likely triggered by an anomalously-hot mantle plume. Despite some arc-geochemical features caused by variable degrees of contamination of young island arc crust during magma ascending and emplace- ment, they show general geochemical and Nd-Hf isotopic features similar to those of the intraplate basalts. Our results support the reconstruction model of Rodinia in which the South China block was located between Australia and Laurentia.     

Ultrahigh-pressure eclogite transformed from mafic granulite in the Dabie orogen, east-central China

Although ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks are present in many collisional orogenic belts, almost all exposed UHP metamorphic rocks are subducted upper or felsic lower continental crust with minor mafic boudins. Eclogites formed by subduction of mafic lower continental crust have not been identified yet. Here an eclogite occurrence that formed during subduction of the mafic lower continental crust in the Dabie orogen, east‐central China is reported. At least four generations of metamorphic mineral assemblages can be discerned: (i) hypersthene + plagioclase ± garnet; (ii) omphacite + garnet + rutile + quartz; (iii) symplectite stage of garnet + diopside + hypersthene + ilmenite + plagioclase; (iv) amphibole + plagioclase + magnetite, which correspond to four metamorphic stages: (a) an early granulite facies, (b) eclogite facies, (c) retrograde metamorphism of high‐pressure granulite facies and (d) retrograde metamorphism of amphibolite facies. Mineral inclusion assemblages and cathodoluminescence images show that zircon is characterized by distinctive domains of core and a thin overgrowth rim. The zircon core domains are classified into two types: the first is igneous with clear oscillatory zonation ± apatite and quartz inclusions; and the second is metamorphic containing a granulite facies mineral assemblage of garnet, hypersthene and plagioclase (andesine). The zircon rims contain garnet, omphacite and rutile inclusions, indicating a metamorphic overgrowth at eclogite facies. The almost identical ages of the two types of core domains (magmatic = 791 ± 9 Ma and granulite facies metamorphic zircon = 794 ± 10 Ma), and the Triassic age (212 ± 10 Ma) of eclogitic facies metamorphic overgrowth zircon rim are interpreted as indicating that the protolith of the eclogite is mafic granulite that originated from underplating of mantle‐derived magma onto the base of continental crust during the Neoproterozoic (c. 800 Ma) and then subducted during the Triassic, experiencing UHP eclogite facies metamorphism at mantle depths. The new finding has two‐fold significance: (i) voluminous mafic lower continental crust can increase the average density of subducted continental lithosphere, thus promoting its deep subduction; (ii) because of the current absence of mafic lower continental crust in the Dabie orogen, delamination or recycling of subducted mafic lower continental crust can be inferred as the geochemical cause for the mantle heterogeneity and the unusually evolved crustal composition.     

藏南洛扎地区基性岩墙群锆石U-Pb定年、地球化学特征及构造意义

藏南洛扎地区广泛分布有近东西向产出的基性岩墙群,主要侵位于晚侏罗世—早白垩世及其以前的地层中,锆石U-Pb同位素定年获得成岩年龄138.0Ma±3.5Ma。基性岩墙可以划分为2种主要类型:一类低K(K2O=0.06%～0.54%),稀土元素总量和轻、重稀土元素分异程度低[∑REE=58.95×10-6～115.5×10-6,(La/Yb)N=0.23～2.94],亏损LILE;另一类富K(K2O=1.22%～1.67%),稀土元素总量和轻、重稀土元素分异程度较高[∑REE=199.97×10-6～381.47×10-6,(La/Yb)N=6.57～11.5],富集LILE而亏损HFSE。地球化学研究结果表明,基性岩墙为具大陆拉斑玄武岩特征的大陆板内岩浆侵入体,可能分别源于亏损的软流圈地幔和富集的岩石圈地幔。基性岩墙群是新特提斯洋晚期大规模扩张的产物,标志着喜马拉雅被动大陆边缘在晚侏罗世—早白垩世处于强烈的拉张、裂离和岩石圈伸展减薄、软流圈上涌的构造环境与动力学背景。