关于间接测定碘的分析方法研究

用硝基苯萃取[Cd（Phen）3]^2＋I2^-离子对,再用盐酸反萃取,利用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定镉的含量,从而间接测定碘。实验在pH=5．2的NaAc-HAc缓冲体系下进行,优化了还原剂KBH;中邻菲罗啉的浓度,镉溶液用量,萃取剂硝基苯的用量,反萃取盐酸的酸度,并制备碘的标准曲线,其线性相关系数R2≥0．9942,线性范围0～10ng／mL,精密度为8．5％,检出限0．80ng／mL,利用标准曲线测出水样中碘的浓度为17．78ng／mL,结果令人满意。实验表明,开发原子荧光光谱间接分析方法,使其能够准确测量更多种类的元素,有着十分积极的意义,同时也能够促进该方法得到更广范的应用。     

蔬菜植物对 I–、IO–3的吸收及其生物有效性

通过水培方法培育含碘芹菜,揭示了蔬菜植物对 I–、IO–3的吸收特征,并在烹饪条件下,通过与碘盐的对比分析,研究了蔬菜植物中有机碘的生物有效性.研究结果表明,芹菜对 I–、IO–3的吸收速率随外源碘浓度的提高而增加,在不同的碘浓度下,芹菜对不同形态碘的吸收速率存在差异,这与 I–和 IO–3被吸收的方式不同有关;市售芹菜在100~160℃下爆炒90 s,添加碘盐,碘的损失率达54.80%~80.34%,含碘芹菜的碘损失率为3.00%~40.77%; 在100℃下烹煮5 min,市售芹菜加碘盐,菜和汤中的碘含量分别仅为碘添加含量的1.56%和29.03%,而含碘芹菜仍保留原始碘含量的85.26%;加醋会促使烹饪时添加的碘盐中无机碘丢失,而对含碘芹菜不产生明显影响     

卡林型金矿石中金的赋存状态分析新方法

卡林型金矿富含有机质,金主要呈显微一超显微分散状态存在,利用工艺矿物学参数自动检测分析仪(MLA)及传统化学方法只能大致判断矿石中金的赋存趋势,无法对其赋存状态准确定量.本文利用MLA仪器系统分析贵州回龙卡林型金矿,测得矿石中金主要以显微-超显微状态包裹于黄铁矿和毒砂中,少量被脉石等其他矿石包裹;黄铁矿约66％完全解离,而毒砂仅30％完全解离,载金矿物与其他矿物连生或者被包裹,将不利于硫化物包裹金的浸出.结合回龙金矿石中金的赋存特征和富含有机质的特点,对传统的物相分析流程进行改进,调整了硫化物包裹金和碳酸盐包裹金的浸出顺序,提出裸露金-碳酸盐包裹金-硫化物包裹金-硅酸盐包裹金的浸出流程,在裸露金及碳酸盐包裹金浸出时加入活性炭,利用竞争吸附抑制矿石中有机炭对金的吸附,降低有机炭对分相的影响.对比试验结果表明,采用改进的方法,有机炭含量在1％左右的金矿石分相时加入活性炭对各相测定值的影响不大;先浸出碳酸盐包裹金,再测定硫化物包裹金,各相的测定数据更加准确.改进的方法(加活性炭)用于测定回龙金矿中裸露金和碳酸盐、硫化物、硅酸盐包裹金,含量分别为1.25％、84.17％、11.46％和3.13％,与选矿试验结果相一致,表明该法适合应用于卡林型金矿中金的赋存状态分析.     

汞型活性碳纸富集—XRF法测定地质试样中痕量碘

本文用特制的汞型活性碳纸富集地质样品中痕量碘并用X-射线荧光光谱进行测定。方法操作简便,样品测定限为0.25ppm,测定含I~-量25μg薄试样片(n=10),其相对标准偏差为3％。经地质标准样品验证,结果与推荐值符合。     

塔里木盆地南缘绿洲带地下水砷氟碘分布及共富集成因

由于地表水资源稀缺,地下水是塔里木盆地南缘绿洲带重要用水水源,因此,系统查明该区地下水砷氟碘的分布及成因至关重要。基于塔里木盆地南缘绿洲带233组地下水水样检测结果,分析不同含水层中高砷、高氟和高碘地下水的空间分布及水化学特征,结合研究区地质、水文地质条件和地下水赋存环境进一步揭示影响地下水砷氟碘的来源、迁移与富集的水文地球化学过程。结果表明:地下水砷、氟、碘浓度变化范围分别为1.091.2 μg/L、0.0128.31 mg/L、10.02 637.0 μg/L。地下水高砷、高氟和高碘水样分别占总水样的7.3%、47.2%和11.6%,砷氟碘共富集占比为3.0%。砷氟碘共富集地下水主要分布于研究区中部的民丰县,水化学类型主要为Cl·SO₄-Na型。自补给区至过渡区再至蒸发区,地下水氟、碘浓度明显增大,砷浓度在过渡区和蒸发区均较大;砷氟碘共富集地下水取样点主要分布于36.060.0 m深度的浅层承压含水层中。浅层地下水受蒸发作用和矿物溶解沉淀作用的影响,随砷氟碘富集项的增多而增大。第四纪成因类型中风积物对氟浓度的影响较大,洪积-湖积物对砷和碘浓度的影响较大。细粒岩性、平缓的地形、地下水浅埋条件、偏碱性的地下水环境、微生物降解作用下有机质介导的矿物溶解是利于砷氟碘共富集的主要机制。     

高碘地下水成因与分布规律研究

我国是世界上已知面积最大的水源性高碘国家,碘的长期过量摄入对居民健康产生极大威胁。在不同的环境水文地质条件下,高碘地下水成因模式可概括为:埋藏-溶解型、压密-释放型和蒸发-浓缩型。基于对高碘地下水成因机理的认识,我们利用大数据模型预测了全国高碘地下水赋存情况,发现其高风险区(p>0.5)约占国土面积的19.8%,且涵盖了全部已知的高碘地下水分布区。开展地下水系统中有机碘形态定量表征、碘的水文地球化学行为微观机理识别和迁移活化过程定量模拟研究,将深化对高碘地下水成因与分布规律的认识,为供水水质安全和预防水源性高碘甲肿提供重要的科学依据。     

南康市潭口碘矿形成环境分析及成因探讨

本文从红盆地质背景入手，分析了碘富集成矿的水文地质构造环境、有机地球化学环境、古温度环境、电化学作用环境及水文地球学环境等因素，并在此基础上，对其成因作了初步探讨。     

黄骅市南排河碘－锶－偏硅酸优质饮用天然矿泉水

重点阐述了南排河天然矿泉水的赋存环境，尤其对珍贵的碘－锶－偏硅酸型矿泉水的分布、成因、开发利用作了论述，并对开采现状、发展前景提出了看法。     

Kinetics of the Reactions of IO with HO2 and O(3P)

A discharge-flow tube coupled with resonance fluorescence and chemiluminescence detection has been used to investigate the reactions IO + HO₂ products (1) and IO + O(³P) I + O₂(2), at T = 296 ± 1 K and P = 1.7 - 2 Torr. The rate constants k_-1 and k₂ have been found to be (7.1 ± 1.6) × 10^-11 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1 and (1.35 ± 0.15) × 10^-10 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1, respectively.     

Pressurised Extraction Using Dilute Ammonia: A Simple Method for Determination of Iodine in Soil, Sediment and Biological Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry

A simple sample treatment method for the accurate and precise determination of iodine in soil, sediment and biological samples by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is described. Iodine in samples was extracted in screw top PTFE-lined stainless steel bombs using a 10% v/v ammonia solution at 185 C for 18 hours (overnight), after which the extract was introduced into the ICP-MS for direct measurement. ¹²⁶Te was employed as the internal standard to compensate for matrix effects and instrument drift. The limit of detection (LOD, three times the standard deviation of the procedural blank solution, expressed as the concentration in the sample solution) was 0.003 ng ml-^-1. The limit of quantitation (LOQ, ten times the standard deviation of the procedural blank solution, expressed as the concentration in the solid samples, dilution factor DF = 100) was 0.01 μg g-^-1 (dry mass). The accuracy and precision of the method were demonstrated by analysing different Chinese geological certified reference materials (soils, stream sediments and a hair sample). The measured concentrations were in a good agreement with the certified values indicating that bias in the method was not significant. The precision (n = 10) for different concentrations ranged from 1.82% to 4.32% RSD. Comparison of the ammonia extraction procedure with a "sintering" method indicated that there was no significant difference in results obtained with the two methods for geological soil and stream sediment samples. However, for biological samples, such as hair, kelp, tea etc., the results obtained by the sintering method were far below those of the ammonia extraction method. The ammonia extraction has advantages, as it is simpler than the "sintering" method, and has a lower procedural blank, better detection limits and reproducibility. Due to the simplicity of the method, a high rate of sample throughput is possible.