悬浮液进样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境样品中痕量铅

提出了悬浮液进样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境样品中痕量铅的分析方法.讨论了悬浮颗粒粒径、悬浮液浓度、悬浮稳定剂、基体改进剂等因素对测定结果的影响.实验结果表明: 样品粒径 < 38μm, 以0.2g/L的Triton - 100为悬浮剂, 3g/L的(NH₄)₂HPO₄为基体改进剂, 电磁搅拌进样可简便快速地测定地质样品中的痕量铅, 方法的检出限为0.10ng/g, 精密度为3.31% (n =10).43GSD标样测定结果与推荐值一致      

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20140751 Guo Xincheng(Geological Party,BGMRED of Xinjiang,Changji 831100,China);Zheng Yuzhuang Determination and Geological Significance of the Mesoarchean Craton in Western Kunlun Mountains,Xinjiang,China(Geological Review,ISSN0371-5736,CN11-1952/P,59(3),2013,p.401-412,8     

湘西下寒武统含铀磷块岩中钛铀矿和晶质铀矿的发现及其成因分析

对湘西下寒武统牛蹄塘组黑色页岩系中的含铀多金属磷块岩,笔者通过α径迹法示踪,先后采用电子探针、扫描电镜及透射电镜进行成分和结构分析,首次在其中发现了微晶状的晶质铀矿、斜方钛铀矿和钛铀矿。这3种铀矿物密切共生,也与钼、镍、铅、锌、铜、钒、铁等的硫化物共生,主要赋存于多金属磷块岩的雏晶石墨中,与碳的关系密切;其次也赋存于石英和先期形成的碳硫钼矿碎片中。斜方钛铀矿呈长柱状,钛铀矿呈短柱状和粒状,晶质铀矿多呈它形粒状,少数呈八边形自形、半自形晶。矿物粒径多在1~5μm,集合体可达10~20μm。进一步的成因研究表明,钛铀矿和晶质铀矿由高温铀氢化合物海底气相喷出凝聚所形成。     

Distribution Characteristics and Metallogenic Regularity of Graphite Deposits in Qinling Orogen, China

Qinling orogen is one of the five main repository distribution provinces of large scale graphite resources. Graphite occurrence strata are multitudinous including Neo Archaean group to Neopaleozoic. Mineral deposit types are complete consisting of crystal flaky graphite deposit and aphanitic graphite deposit, ore types of the former are main graphite gneiss, graphite schist and graphitized marble, and ore types of the latter are main graphite layer metamorphosised from coal bed and graphitic carbargilite. At present, most graphite deposits with low research degree only implement preliminary investigations of the graphite resource, which has a good prospect. Based on the basic material of dozens of graphite deposits, spots and plays discovered in the Qinling orogen, this paper applied geologic multidisciplinary analysis method to disclose the graphite deposit types of the Qinling orogen, mainly through outdoors geologic survey and specimen examination with analysis of some typical deposits: regional metamorphism crystal graphite deposits and thermo-contact metamorphic aphanitic graphite deposits, with the control of latitudinally trending regional tectonic, graphite deposits of the Qinling orogen distribute sublatitudinally trending three large ore belts: I the Neoarchean–Proterozoic basement crystal graphite enrichment deposits zone along the south margin of North China plate; II the Carboniferous intermountain basin group aphanitic graphite enrichment deposits zone near the Shangdan suture of the West Qinling; III Paleozoic crystal graphite enrichment deposits zone in the Qinling paleomicroplate of the west part of the East Qinling.Conclusions are reached from multiple inquiries: Qinling multi-cycle complex continental collision orogen zone has experienced multiple tectonic framework transformation and polyphase tectonic thermal event from Neo Archean Erathem adjointing multiple graphite tectonic mineralization cycle. In the light of chief control of mineralization and ore types, each of the three large graphite deposits belts of the Qinling orogen has its own genesis: I graphite deposits enriched metallogenetic zone is that regional tectogenetic movement from Neo Archaean caused polyphase metapepsis, which superimposed up and reconstructed Neo Archean Erathem to Proterozoic basement, forming regional metamorphic big flake crystal graphite deposits; II graphite deposits enriched metallogenetic zone is that polyphase regional tectogenetic movement associated with multiple heating caused by multiphase igneous intrusion, which resulted in original coal layers emerging multiple thermo-contact metamorphisms and formed thermo-contact metamorphic aphanitic graphite deposits. III graphite deposits enriched metallogenetic zone is that Palaeozoic cap–rock experienced polyphase metapepsis, forming regional metamorphic finely flake crystal graphite deposits. Comprehensive research of metallogenetic mechanism in graphite deposits and its associated profitable deposits of the Qinling orogen is importance for future exploration.     

集安市复兴屯—金厂沟一带晶质石墨矿地质特征及找矿标志

集安晶质石墨矿产于古元古界集安群荒岔沟组变质岩系中,矿体严格受地层层位控制,矿石质量好且易选。集安群在通化一集安一带广泛发育,为一套含石墨的火山一沉积建造,是晶质石墨矿找矿的重点区域。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定地球化学样品中微量铬

应用ZEEnit 600型石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计测定地球化学样品中微量铬.在分解样品过程中,加入高氯酸,使Cr(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅲ)同时被氧化为Cr(Ⅵ),避免了Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的吸光度不同而造成的分析误差.采用最大功率升温和纵向加热石墨管技术,测定铬的原子化温度降低至2100℃,以抗坏血酸作基体改进剂,测定灵敏度...     

Calcite–graphite isotope thermometry in amphibolite facies marble, Bancroft, Ontario

This study presents calcite–graphite carbon isotope fractionations for 32 samples from marble in the northern Elzevir terrane of the Central Metasedimentary Belt, Grenville Province, southern Ontario, Canada. These results are compared with temperatures calculated by calcite–dolomite thermometry (15 samples), garnet–biotite thermometry (four samples) and garnet–hornblende thermometry (three samples). Δ_cal‐gr values vary regularly across the area from >6.5‰ in the south to 4.0‰ in the north, which corresponds to temperatures of 525 °C in the south to 650 °C in the north. Previous empirical calibration of the calcite–graphite thermometer agrees very well with calcite–dolomite, garnet–biotite and garnet–hornblende thermometry, whereas, theoretical calibrations compare less well with the independent thermometry. Isograds in marble based on the reactions rutile + calcite + quartz =titanite and tremolite + calcite + quartz = diopside, span temperatures of 525–600 °C and are consistent with calculated temperature–X(CO₂) relations. Results of this study compare favourably with large‐scale regional isotherms, however, local variation is greater than that revealed by large‐scale sampling strategies. It remains unclear whether the temperature–Δ_cal‐gr relationship observed in natural materials below 650 °C represents equilibrium fractionations or not, but the regularity and consistency apparent in this study demonstrate its utility for thermometry in amphibolite facies marble.     

膨胀石墨化学氧化法制备技术研究进展

膨胀石墨是石墨的重要深加工产品之一.目前膨胀石墨工业生产用的最多和最成熟的方法是化学氧化法,具有很多优点.由于这种工艺生产过程存在环境污染,产品在应用中对设备有腐蚀,高温抗氧化性及强度不高等原因,限制了其进一步发展.介绍了近年来围绕化学氧化法制备工艺及产品性能改进问题国内外研究的主要进展.讨论了利用低品位和细鳞片石墨原料,降低或消除生产过程中的NOX、重金属离子的污染,降低产品的含硫量和腐蚀性,提高产品的膨胀倍数、抗氧化性和强度,改进产品的膨化工艺等方面的技术措施及应用效果.指出了化学氧化法进一步发展的方向和应用前景.     

Calc-silicate reactions and bedding-controlled isotopic exchange in the Notch Peak aureole, Utah: implications for differential fluid fluxes with metamorphic grade

Fluid compositions and bedding‐scale patterns of fluid flow during contact metamorphism of the Weeks Formation in the Notch Peak aureole, Utah, were determined from mineralogy and stable isotope compositions. The Weeks Formation contains calc‐silicate and nearly pure carbonate layers that are interbedded on centimetre to decimetre scales. The prograde metamorphic sequence is characterized by the appearance of phlogopite, diopside, and wollastonite. By accounting for the solution properties of Fe, it is shown that the tremolite stability field was very narrow and perhaps absent in the prograde sequence. Unshifted oxygen and carbon isotopic ratios in calcite and silicate minerals at all grades, except above the wollastonite isograd, show that there was little to no infiltration of disequilibrium fluids. The fluid composition is poorly constrained, but X(CO₂)_fluid must have been >0.1, as indicated by the absence of talc, and has probably increased with progress of decarbonation reactions. The occurrence of scapolite and oxidation of graphite in calc‐silicate beds of the upper diopside zone provide the first evidence for limited infiltration of external aqueous fluids. Significantly larger amounts of aqueous fluid infiltrated the wollastonite zone. The aqueous fluids are recorded by the presence of vesuvianite, large decreases in δ¹⁸O values of silicate minerals from c. 16‰ in the diopside zone to c. 10‰ in the wollastonite zone, and extensive oxidation of graphite. The carbonate beds interacted with the fluids only along margins where graphite was destroyed, calcite coarsened, and isotopic ratios shifted. The wollastonite isograd represents a boundary between a high aqueous fluid‐flux region on its higher‐grade side and a low fluid‐flux region on its lower‐grade side. Preferential flow of aqueous fluids within the wollastonite zone was promoted by permeability created by the wollastonite‐forming reaction and the natural tendency of fluids to flow upward and down‐temperature near the intrusion‐wall rock contact.     

沉积物中元素碳的提取、鉴定及其古气候环境意义

通过化学氧化方法提取沉积物中元素碳物质,采用拉曼光谱对其进行分析鉴定,实验结果表明:元素碳是介于单晶石墨碳和无定形碳之间的一系列物质,是一种操作上的定义;化学氧化法提取沉积物中元素碳是可靠的,控制好氧化条件和时间,则能有效去除有机碳,保留元素碳成份。鉴于目前不同工作者由于不同的实验条件和方法下得到了不同结果,我们认为确定标准样及其浓度,统一实验方法是亟待解决的问题,进而统一这种碳微粒的名称,明确其定义,以利于相关研究的横向对比和深入。而在纵向研究方面,我们利用该实验流程提取灵台黄土剖面长时间序列黄土—古土壤样的元素碳,并进行元素碳含量的测定,结果表明元素碳记录能有效揭示古气候环境变化。在不同时间尺度上,元素碳记录有不同的气候指示意义,并且与其他气候环境指标能进行较好的对比,元素碳记录为古气候环境变化提供一新的指标。