内蒙古中部深成侵入岩谱系单位及构造岩浆活动初探──以苏尼特左旗等8幅1：5万区域地质调查为例

摘要：内蒙古苏尼特左旗地区大面积出露各地质时代的深成侵入体,它们的详细划分和归并对探讨整个内蒙古中部地区的地质发展史具有重要的意义。本文在简单描述各种侵入岩的地质特征、岩石化学特征和稀土元素地球化学特征的基础上,将它们归并为６个超单元和３个独立侵入体,并进一步探讨了它们的演化特征和形成环境。首次从岩石学的角度探讨了区域构造岩浆活动史。同时,简要报道了在该区首次发现的碱性花岗岩、Ｓ型花岗岩和堆晶角闪辉长岩。     

辽宁营口地区中生代花岗岩类的成因及其含金性

营口地区印支期花岗岩为Ⅰ型（同熔型）花岗岩,燕山期花岗岩为S型（陆壳改造型）花岗岩。印支期花岗岩是造山运动晚期岩浆作用的产物,岩浆来源于深部。燕山期花岗岩是与燕山期造山运动同构造期岩浆作用的产物,岩浆来源于浅部。金矿床的形成主要与印支期次碱性二长花岗岩岩浆作用有关。     

东昆仑祁漫塔格鸭子沟地区花岗岩类岩石年代学、地球化学及地质意义

为加深对东昆仑区域构造演化和成矿规律的认识,选取祁漫塔格鸭子沟地区花岗岩类岩石开展岩相学、年代学和岩石地球化学研究,探讨其岩石成因、构造背景及与铅锌矿成矿的关系。结果表明,黑云石英二长闪长岩的SIMS锆石U-Pb年龄为(415.5±2.6) Ma,属早泥盆世早期。正长岩、二长花岗岩和石英二长岩与闪长岩相比,具有硅、钾、全碱含量高,低钙、镁、全铁和钛,铝含量相当,闪长岩K₂O含量小于Na₂O,其他岩石K₂O含量大于Na₂O的特点。岩石为准铝质-弱过铝质岩石,既有亚碱性系列也有碱性系列。∑REE平均为305×10 ^-6;δEu为0.26~1.03,平均为0.61,多数岩石具有Eu负异常;稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图上呈轻稀土元素富集的右倾型曲线,轻、重稀土发生了分馏作用;岩体明显富集大离子亲石元素Cs、Rb、K,活泼的不相容元素U、Th,轻稀土元素和Pb;相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、P和Ti,大离子亲石元素Ba和Sr。鸭子沟花岗岩类岩石为以幔源分异为主、少量壳源物质加入的壳幔混合成因,应该是加里东造山期后陆缘裂陷幔源物质上侵形成的岩浆岩。结合区域构造特征和地质背景,推测该岩体形成于后碰撞陆内伸展阶段,并与区域铅锌矿成矿密切相关;在今后的矿产勘查中应重视华力西早期花岗岩类岩石。     

华南花岗岩风化壳中稀土元素地球化学及矿石性质研究

华南稀土花岗岩风化壳主要可分为腐值层、全风化层和半风化层。在岩石的风化淋滤过程中，稀土以水合或羟基水合离子吸附在全风化层中的主要矿物埃洛石和高岭石等粘土矿物上。这些层状粘土矿物具有取代结构和断面余键两个吸附活性中心。量子化学计算表明两个吸附活性中心对不同稀土的吸附能力为：Ｌａ＾３＋〉Ｃｅ＾３＋〉Ｐｒ＾３＋〉Ｎｄ＾３＋〉Ｓｍ＾３＋〉Ｅｕ＾３＋〉Ｇｄ＾３＋〉Ｔｂ＾３＋〉Ｄｙ＾３＋〉Ｈｏ＾３＋〉Ｙ＾３＋     

A visage of early Paleozoic Japan: Geotectonic and paleobiogeographical significance of Greater South China

The current state of knowledge on the early Paleozoic evolution of Japan is reviewed. Although early Paleozoic Japan marked the foundation of long‐lasting subduction‐related orogenic growth throughout the Phanerozoic, details of this have not been fully revealed. Nevertheless, U‐Pb dating of zircons both in Paleozoic granitoids and sandstones is revealing several new aspects of early Paleozoic Japan. The timing of the major tectonic change, from a passive continental margin setting (Stage I) to an active one (Stage II), was constrained to the Cambrian by identifying the oldest arc granitoid, high‐P/T blueschist, and terrigenous clastics of arc‐related basins. Ages of recycled zircons in granitoids and sandstones provided critical information on the homeland of Japan, i.e. the continental margin along which proto‐Japan began to grow. The early Paleozoic continental margin that hosted the development of an arc‐trench system in proto‐Japan had cratonic basement composed mostly of Proterozoic crust with a minor Archean component. The predominant occurrence of Neoproterozoic zircons in Paleozoic rocks, as xenocrysts in arc granitoids and also as detrital grains in terrigenous clastics, indicates that the relevant continental block was a part of South China, probably forming a northeastern segment of Greater South China (GSC) together with the Khanka/Jiamsi/Bureya mega‐block in Far East Asia. GSC was probably twice as large as the present conterminous South China on mainland Asia. Paleozoic Japan formed a segment of a mature arc‐trench system along the Pacific side of GSC, where the N–S‐trending Pacific‐rim orogenic belt (Nipponides) developed with an almost perpendicular relationship with the E–W‐trending Central Asian orogenic belt. The faunal characteristics of the Permian marine fauna in Japan, both with the Tethyan and Boreal elements, can be better explained than before in good accordance with the relative position of GSC with respect to the North China block during the late Paleozoic.     

滇西临沧花岗岩基新生代剥蚀冷却的裂变径迹证据

为揭示临沧花岗岩基的剥蚀冷却历史,探讨印藏碰撞对滇西的影响,对6块临沧花岗岩基样品进行锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹测定,并利用模拟退火法对其中5块样品的磷灰石裂变径迹数据进行非线性热史反演,估算了不同时期的剥蚀量和抬升量. 结果表明,岩基自印藏陆陆碰撞以来经历了两期冷却事件,早期冷却速率仅5～10 ℃/Ma,晚期冷却速率明显增高,特别是近3 Ma以来的冷却速率达到16～20 ℃/Ma;两期总剥蚀厚度可达3300～3500 m. 分析表明冷却事件与印藏碰撞关系密切,早期冷却是在印藏碰撞影响下,临沧岩基卷入逆冲推覆运动而遭遇抬升、剥蚀的结果;晚期冷却则是上新世以来,特别是3Ma以来岩基经受整体的强烈抬升、剥蚀的结果,该期构造抬升量约为672～1263 m;裂变径迹资料还揭示印藏碰撞先影响南部岩体,随后才波及到岩基中北段.     

Paleoproterozoic Potassic Granitoids in the Sushui Complex from the Zhongtiao Mountains, Northern China： Geochronology, Geochemistry and Petrogenesis

1 Introduction The early Precambrian basement of the North China Craton (NCC) consists mainly of the Eastern Continental Block, the Western Continental Block and the Trans-North China Orogen (TNCO, or “the Central Tectonic Zone”), which formed by continental collision between the Eastern and Western Blocks (Zhao et al., 1998). This evolutionary model has now been widely accepted (Wu and Zhong, 1998; Guan et al., 2002; Guo et al., 2002; Liu et al., 2002a, b; Liu et al., 2004a, b;…     

Early to Middle Jurassic (ca. 182–164 Ma) fractionated granitoids in the Korean Peninsula: Implication for the tectonomagmatic history of East Asia

The Jurassic granitoids (200–164 Ma) are distributed in the Korean Peninsula due to the Paleo-Pacific plate subduction. Early Jurassic (200–182 Ma) granitoids are mainly distributed in the southern Korean Peninsula. By contrast, Early to Middle Jurassic (182–164 Ma) granitoids are distributed in the central Korean Peninsula. In this study, we report detailed petrology, zircon U–Pb ages, and whole-rock geochemistry from the Seoul–Uijeongbu and Pocheon–Gimhwa pluton units in the central Korean Peninsula. The Seoul–Uijeongbu unit is dominated by biotite granite, with minor porphyritic biotite and garnet-biotite granite while the Pocheon–Gimhwa unit consists of biotite granite and porphyritic biotite granite, garnet-biotite granite, and two-mica granite. Zircon U–Pb age from those granites gives 180–167 Ma. The granitoids in the Pocheon-Gimhwa unit formed through fractional crystallization from biotite granite and porphyritic biotite granite to garnet-biotite granite, and two-mica granite based on gradually decreasing their Nb/Ta, Zr/Hf, and Eu/Eu* ratios. The strongly fractionated granitoids are garnet-biotite granite and two-mica granite. The LILE enrichment, Ta–Nb, Sr–P, and Eu–Ti troughs, and Ba depletion in most granitoids are similar to those of granitoids due to the subduction in the arc environment. Thus, these Jurassic granitoids (180–167 Ma) are mainly peraluminous granites with moderate crystal fractionation corresponding to I-type granite. Alkali feldspar granite associated with ore mineralization occurs in the Gwanaksan pluton from the southwestern Seoul–Uijeongbu unit. The alkali feldspar granite displays distinct negative Eu anomaly with high contents of Rb, Hf, Cs, and Nb compared with other granites. These characteristics imply that alkali feldspar granite experienced strong hydrothermal activity leading to feldspar ore mineralization compared to the other granites. The formation of a wide range of moderately evolved peraluminous granitoids is presumed to be related to rapid flat-subduction during 182–164 Ma, and the mineralization-related alkali feldspar granite indicates the termination of Jurassic granitoid magmatism in the central Korean Peninsula.