造山带与沉积盆地的耦合——以青藏高原周边造山带与盆地为例

通过系统分析青藏高原周边造山带与沉积盆地的结构样式、变形特征及形成演化，认为该区中、新生代造山带与盆地之间存在极其明显的耦合关系，主要表现在：(盆)伸展扩张—(山)收缩隆升；(盆)挤压俯冲—(山)挤压仰冲；(盆)负荷沉降—(山)卸荷隆升；(盆)挤压挠曲、顺层滑脱—(山)侧向扩展、逆冲推覆。盆山耦合作用造成造山带具有厚皮构造的厚壳薄幔，盆地具有薄皮构造的薄壳厚幔的岩石圈结构。     

水资源可持续利用的生态经济评价

本文从一个独特的角度，将水资源生态系统和社会经济系统耦合成水资源生态经济系统，把水资源的开发利用纳入生态经济系统的运行体系之中，利用生态经济学中的生态经济协调发展理论和可持续发展的思想，建立水资源可持续利用的生态经济评价体系。在此基础上，对辽河三角洲地区水资源的可持续进行了评价，其结果表明：辽河三角洲地区水资源开发利用的可持续性从1986年到1995年间逐渐减弱，目前处于极弱可持续利用阶段。     

海气耦合气侯模式的依时解

运用量子力学方法，精确地求出了海气耦合随机－动力模式的依时解．对依时解的分析表明：当气候系统处于基态时，系统的行为呈布朗运动形式，由此从理论上证明了Ｈａｓｓｅｌｍａｎｎ关于随机气候模式建立的立足点．当系统处于第一激发态时，系统运动呈随时间衰减的形式；在一定条件下则为周期振荡，主周期长度为２．３年．最后将结果用来讨论二氧化碳浓度倍增时的气候影响．     

A COUPLING THREE DIMENSIONAL BAROCLINIC MODEL OF BIWA LAKE AIR-WATER SYSTEM

I.IntroductionTherearealotofstudiesdealingwithhydrodwiaAncsoflakes,numericalsimulationoflakecurrentsystemst5,7,lO,l31,andwiti1windsystemsoverlakesandnumericalsimulationontheland-lake/seaormountain-valleybreeze[4,6,8].Usually,ti1emodelsinti1eatmosphericboundarylayerandinlakewaterweresimulatedseParately.InfaCt,theprocessesintheatmosphericboundarylayeroverlakesandti1eprocessesinthelakewaterareinteraCtedstronglyeachoti1er.Collecteddatashow,thatalmoStalllargelakes,marginalseas,estuariesandlagoon…     

B-polarization induction in two thin half-sheets coupled to the mantle by a conducting crust—II. Solution by the mode-matching method, the fields above the conductors, and example results

The mode-matching method is used to obtain an exact analytical solution to the problem of B -polarization induction in two adjacent thin half-sheets, lying on a conducting layer that is terminated by a perfect conductor at finite depth. These components of the model represent, respectively, the Earth's conducting surface layers, crust, and mantle. In dimensionless variables, the model has three independent parameters, these being the two thin-sheet conductances and the layer thickness. The mode-matching solution obtained in this paper is shown to be identical lo that derived via the Wiener-Hopf method in a companion paper (Dawson 1996), and so provides additional verification of that solution. As was shown in the companion paper, the solution for the present model contains, as special limiting cases, those for three models considered earlier by various authors. The second part of the present paper addresses the solutions for the electric fields in the non-conducting half-space above the conductors, which represents the atmosphere. In the final part, sample numerical calculations are presented to illustrate the solution.     

A Coupled General Circulation Model for the Tropical Pacific Ocean and Global Atmosphere

On the basis of Zeng’s theoretical design, a coupled general circulation model (CGCM) is developed with its characteristics different from other CGCMs such as the unified vertical coordinates and subtraction of the standard stratification for both atmosphere and ocean, available energy consideration, and so on. The oceanic component is a free surface tropical Pacific Ocean GCM between 30oN and 30oS with horizontal grid spacing of 1o in latitude and 2o in longitude, and with 14 vertical layers. The atmospheric component it a global GCM with low-resolution of 4o in latitude and 5o in longitude, and two layers or equal man in the vertical between the surface and 200 hPa. The atmospheric GCM includes comprehensive physical processes. The coupled model is subjected to seasonally-varying cycle. Several coupling experiments, ranging from straight forward coupling without flux correction to one with flux correction, and to so-called predictor-corrector monthly coupling (PCMC), are conducted to show the existence and final controlling of the climate drift in the coupled system. After removing the climate drift with the PCMC scheme, the coupled model is integrated for more than twenty years. The results show reasonable simulations of the annual mean and its seasonal cycle of the atmospheric and oceanic circulation. The model also produces the coherent interannual variations of the climate system, manifesting the observed El Ni?o / Southern Oscillation (ENSO).