温州地震台测震数字模拟资料的分析对比

通过对温州台数模资料的分析对比,揭示了两者之间的异同点。两者共同点:数模震相到时一致;数模MSZ、MS震级基本一致。不同点:数模ML震级有差异,数字记录在确定地震参数方面有很大优势,但个别地震数字记录存在缺陷。     

嘉山地震台模拟和数字记录地震对比分析及台基评价

通过对嘉山地震台测震模拟与数字观测系统并行运行观测资料的对比分析,阐述了测震台宽频带数字地震观测系统,在区域地震台网速报和观测资料应用研究方面的作用和价值.同时,也对嘉山地震台的台基地动噪声水平进行了基本评估,提出了改善嘉山地震台地震检测能力应采取的措施.     

类比合成方法在干旱区内陆河径流量预报中的应用

类比合成算法是一种多维模式搜索法，它具有适用范围广、对资料要求低等优点，可用于单变量及多变量时间序列的延拓预测。通过介绍类比合成算法，并把它应用于塔里木河源流叶尔羌河、和田河年、月径流量预报，其中重点分析了模式长度和合成预报的模式个数等因素对预报结果的影响。通过实测径流资料对预报结果的检验和分析表明，类比合成算法可以较好地挖掘径流序列中隐藏的信息，在中长期水文预报中是一种行之有效的计算方法。     

Facies- to sandbody-scale heterogeneity in a tight-gas fluvial reservoir analog: Blackhawk Formation,Wasatch Plateau,Utah, USA

Using photomosaics and measured sections, this outcrop study characterizes facies- to sandbody-scale heterogeneity in the fluvial and coastal-plain deposits of the Blackhawk Formation of the Wasatch Plateau, Utah, USA, as an outcrop analog for the fluvial tight-gas reservoirs of the adjacent greater western Rocky Mountain basins as well as for conventional fluvial reservoirs elsewhere. Analysis on eight contiguous, vertical cliff-faces comprising both depositional-dip- and -strike-oriented segments provides field-validation and calibration of the entire range of fluvial heterogeneity, where: 1) large-scale heterogeneity (10's of m vertically and 100's of m laterally) is associated with stacking of channelized fluvial sandbodies encased within coastal-plain fines, 2) intermediate-scale heterogeneity (1's of m vertically and 10's of m laterally) is related to type and distribution of architectural elements like bar-accretion and crevasse-splay units within individual sandbodies, and 3) small-scale heterogeneity (10's of cm vertically and 1's of m laterally) is attributed to facies spatial variability within individual architectural elements.At a reservoir-scale (∼6 km strike-transect), impact of these heterogeneities has resulted in potential stratigraphic compartmentalization in varied patterns and scales within and among three zones, which have similar lateral extents. Distinct vertical or lateral compartmentalization, contrasting net-to-gross pattern, width-constraint by either large- or intermediate-scale heterogeneity, disparity in communication between principal reservoir compartments by intermediate-scale heterogeneity, and reservoir-quality segregation to barrier styles rendered by small-scale heterogeneity are documented in an array of trends. These intriguing trends are challenging to correlate across the reservoir-scale dataset, contributing to multiple, analogous exploration and production uncertainties. For improved tight-gas exploration and production strategy of the western Rocky Mountain basins, study results were also used in developing potential predictive tools: 1) thickness threshold of individual channelized sandbody favoring multiple well intersection, 2) aspect ratio in performing probabilistic sandbody-width estimation, and 3) prediction of sandbody amalgamation using underlying coal thickness.     

可视化无阀式风动潜孔锤仿真电算软件设计

潜孔锤的性能受许多因素影响，其设计采用微机模拟仿真电算方法。根据潜孔锤工作原理，确立边界务件、建立数学模型。应用相关数学、动力学及热力学理论，运用有限差分原理，基于VB，采取面向对象的设计方式进行可视化程序设计。软件内含设计、数据处理、保存、辅助绘图、打印等功能。而设计采用向导式方式，界面友好。目前该软件进行了多种类型的潜孔锤设计，理论值与实测值基本吻合。软件除用于常压潜孔锤设计外，还将用于高围压潜孔锤设计，以满足深孔钻进要求。     

Structural Variation between the Western and Eastern Kuqa Fold-and-thrust Belt, China: Insights from Seismic Interpretation and Analog Modeling

The Kuqa fold-and-thrust belt exhibits apparent structural variation in the western and eastern zone. Two salt layer act as effective decollements and influence the varied deformation. In this study, detailed seismic interpretations and analog modeling are presented to construct the suprasalt and subsalt structures in the transfer zone of the middle Kuqa and investigate the influence of the two salt layers. The results reveal that the relationship of the two salt layers changes from separated to connected, and then overlapped toward the foreland in the transfer zone. Different structural models are formed in the suprasalt and subsalt units due to the interaction of the two salt layers. The imbricate thrust faults form two broom-like fault systems in the subsalt units. The suprasalt units develop detached folds terminating toward the east in the region near the orogenic belt. Whereas, two offset anticlines with different trends develop at the frontal edge of the lower salt layer and the trailing edge of the upper salt layer, respectively. According to exploration results in this region, the relationship between suprasalt and subsalt structures has an influence on hydrocarbon accumulation. We believe that the connected deformation contains high-risk plays while the decoupled deformation contains well-preserved plays.     

防泥包钻头的优化设计与应用

泥包钻头是钻探工程中常见的现象,主要受冲洗液流速影响。采用计算流体力学方法,借助流体模拟软件CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics),从优化钻头的水力结构参数上设计了一种防泥包钻头,使钻井液在泵量一定的情况下切削刃前和水槽内的流速尽量增大,适用于在易发生泥包的地层中钻进使用。在大庆松科一井应用表明,用这种模拟方式来优化钻头的水力结构设计是一种有效的手段,取得了很好的经济与应用效果。      

中全新世暖期与未来气候变暖情景下东亚夏季降水变化相似型分析

利用中全新世暖期和21世纪末期的多模式气候模拟资料,对这两个时期东亚地区夏季降水变化相似型进行分析。结果表明,东亚地区中全新世与21世纪末气候变暖情景下的夏季降水变化分布型存在一定的相似性,尤其反映在两个关键区上:青藏高原南部降水变化均出现增多,增幅达到1.5 mm/d以上;新疆西南部降水变化均出现减少,减少幅度达到0.1 mm/d以上,且中全新世降水模拟变化结果与地质气候记录定性吻合。因此东亚地区全新世暖期夏季降水变化在一定程度上可作为未来夏季降水变化的历史相似型。     

江西某厂区边坡岩体结构面网络模拟研究

基于结构面实测统计原理和方法,建议结构面几何参数概率模型,运用蒙特－卡洛（Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ）模拟原理和方法,进行碉体结构的室内再现。运用该方法对江西亚东水泥厂厂区边坡岩体进行结构面网络模拟和成果分析,从而用于边坡岩体力学和渗透性能和评价,最终为其稳定性评价及支护设计服务。     

14,000 Years of Sediment, Vegetation, and Water-Level Changes at the Makepeace Cedar Swamp, Southeastern Massachusetts

Data from a transect of four cores collected in the Makepeace Cedar Swamp, near Carver, Massachusetts, record past changes in deposition, vegetation, and water level. Time series of palynological data provide a 14,000-yr record of regional and local vegetation development, a means for biostratigraphic correlation and dating, and information about changes in water level. Differences in records among cores in the basin show that water level decreased at least 1.5 m between 10,800 and 9700 cal yr B.P., after which sediment accumulation was slow and intermittent across the basin for about 1700 yr. Between 8000 and 5600 cal yr B.P., water level rose 2.0 m, after which slow peat accumulation indicates a low stand about the time of the hemlock decline at 5300 ± 200 cal yr B.P. Dry conditions may have continued after this time, but by 3200 cal yr B.P., the onset of peat accumulation in shallow cores indicates that water level had risen to close to its highest postglacial level, where it is today. Peat has accumulated across the whole basin since 3200 cal yr B.P. Data from Makepeace and the Pequot Cedar Swamp, near Ledyard, Connecticut, indicate an early Holocene dry interval in southern New England that began 11,500 yr ago near the end of the Younger Dryas interval. The dry conditions prevailed between 10,800 and 8000 cal yr B.P. and coincide with the arrival and later rise to dominance of white pine trees (Pinus strobus) both regionally and near the basins. Our results indicate a climatic cause for the “pine period” in New England.