硅酸盐岩石化学组成的ICPAES和ICPMS准确测定:酸溶与碱熔分解样品方法的对比

报道了采用酸溶和碱熔分解硅酸盐岩石样品，用ICP-AES和ICP-MS联合测定岩石的主元素和微量元素的分析方法，酸溶方法检出限低，能准确分析除SiO2以外的其他主元素和40余种微量元素；碱熔方法一次分解样品可以直接测定所有的主元素和30多种微量元素，但方法检出限增高，不能准确分析一些检出限高而含量低的元素，因此，根据不同的岩石类型，所需分析的元素种类以及研究目的，采用适当的样品分解方法，用ICP-AES和ICP-MS分析可以获得准确的主元素和微量元素数据。     

Étude expérimentale des transformations de phase dans un gradient thermique : application au granite de Soultz-sous-Forêts,France

The circulation of an injected fluid in the deep granite of the Soultz-sous-Forêts HDR (‘Hot Dry Rock’) site causes important textural and mineralogical modifications. In order to determine the potential crystallization sequences along the fluid pathway, several experiments under thermal gradient were conducted at 600 bar (between 300 and 200 °C). After 40 days, the observed sequences of the newly formed products along the thermal gradient are always as follows, from high to low temperatures: quartz, feldspars, and finally interstratified clays, this implying a significant mobility of aluminium in the solution. To cite this article: A. Baldeyrou et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

Evolution of Mayurbhanj Granite Pluton, eastern Singhbhum, India: a case study of petrogenesis of an A-type granite in bimodal association

The A-type Mayurbhanj Granite Pluton (3.09 Ga), occurring along the eastern margin of the Singhbhum-Orissa Craton, eastern India, represents the final phase of acid plutonism in this crustal block of Archean age. The granite shows a bimodal association with a voluminous gabbroid body, exposed mainly along its western margin, and is associated with the Singhbhum Shear zone. The granite pluton is composed mainly of a coarse ferrohastingsite–biotite granite phase, with an early fine-grained granophyric microgranitic phase and a late biotite aplogranitic phase. Petrogenetic models of partial melting, fractional crystallisation and magma mixing have been advocated for the evolution of this pluton. New data, combined with earlier information, suggest that two igneous processes were responsible for the evolution of the Mayurbhanj Granite Pluton: partial melting of the Singhbhum Granite; followed by limited amount of mixing of acid and basic magmas in an anorogenic extensional setting. The necessary heat for partial melting was provided by the voluminous basaltic magma, now represented by the gabbroid body, emplaced at a shallow crustal level and showing a bimodal association with the Mayurbhanj Granite Pluton. The Singhbhum Shear Zone provided a possible channel way for the emplacement of the basic magma during crustal extension. It is concluded that all three phases of the Mayurbhanj Granite Pluton were derived from the same parent magma, generated by batch partial melting of the Singhbhum Granite at relatively high temperatures (980 °C) and low pressures (4 to <2 kbar) under anhydrous conditions. The coarse ferrohastingsite biotite granite phase shows evidence of limited and heterogeneous assimilation of country rock metasediments. However, the early microgranite phase and late aplogranite phase have not assimilated any metasediments. Compositional irregularities observed along the western margin of the Mayurbhanj Granite Pluton in contact with the gabbro body including a continuous fractionating sequence from quartz diorite to alkali-feldspar granite in the Notopahar area. Gradational contacts between the gabbro and the Mayurbhanj Granite Pluton in the Gorumahisani area etc., may be attributed to a limited amount of mixing between the gabbroid magma and the newly generated Mayurbhanj Granite magma. The mixing was mainly of liquid–liquid diffusive type, with a subordinate amount of mixing of solid–liquid type. Although A-type granites are commonly described as having high total REE (e.g. 270–400 ppm), studies on the late aplogranite phase of the Mayurbhanj Granite show that total REE values (100 ppm) are low. This low REE abundance may be attributed to the progressive residual nature of the Singhbhum Granite source during continued partial melting, when the magmas of the microgranite and coarse granite phases had already been removed from the source region.     

综合地球物理方法在高放废物处置场址特性评价中的应用

本介绍了地球物理方法在我国高放废物处置库场址特性评价中的作用，即查明研究区内断裂的位置，宽度，倾向，倾角及其含水性和确定预选区内花岗岩底板的埋深，此项研究成果显示了该方法在我国干旱地区的深部地质环境及水资源分布研究中的有利应用前景。     

新疆北山构造带西段小长山南超单元花岗岩特征

小长山南超单元花岗岩是新疆北山构造带中重要的地质体 ,为华力西中期第 2序次岩浆侵入活动的产物 ,包括 5个单元 ,出露面积 132 .9km2 ,其中第 4单元同位素地质年龄 32 0 .2Ma±2 3Ma(锆石 ,Pb -Pb法 )。岩石系列属钙碱性 ,为明显同源岩浆演化序列 ,微量元素指示其具大陆弧背景下成熟弧花岗岩和I型花岗岩特征。综合分析后认为小长山南超单元花岗岩属北山克拉通裂谷闭合期岩浆强力就位产物     

花岗岩动三轴抗压强度的裂纹模型研究(Ⅱ):应用

根据压缩载荷作用下的滑移型裂纹模型，结合裂纹的动态断裂准则，模拟了花岗岩在应变速度从10^-4-10^0s^-1以及围压力20，50，80MPa时的强度特性。结果表明，模拟结果与实验结果基本一致。还探讨了地从裂纹扩展和聚合特性入手揭示岩石材料强度随应变速率以及围压变化的机理。     

川西新场气田蓬莱镇组气藏储层的敏感性研究

浅层气田提高低渗气层的采收率,降低储层的损害程度非常重要。浅层气因其产层埋深浅,地层压力低,储层物性较差等,生产作业中更易造成损害,形成伤害后使得单井产能急剧降低,甚至不能产出天然气。因此,开展必要的储层损害研究显得尤为重要。笔者通过大量的敏感性实验分析,认为新场气田蓬莱镇组浅层气藏储层为弱速敏、中等水敏,临界盐度为(0.35～0.45)×104mg/L气藏,临界pH值在7～8之间变化,并提出对降低各种敏感性的作业条件。     

广东始兴南山钨钼多金属矿床的发现及其意义

南岭东段是世界著名的钨多金属矿集区,多轮的地质工作使区内找矿和研究程度极高,找矿难度极大。南山钨钼多金属矿床是近年来中国地质调查局在该区实施钨多金属矿调查评价中根据岩体型（地下室）找矿模型找到的具有中大型远景的钨钼多金属矿床。钻探验证成果显示该矿床除地表分布的石英脉型钨钼多金属矿体外,在深部燕山晚期岩体中发育了大规模的岩体型（云英岩型和花岗岩型）钨钼多金属矿体,矿区燕山晚期花岗岩自上而下分为白云母化、绿泥石化和钾长石化三带,云英岩型钨钼多金属矿体分布在白云母化带,赋矿岩体为细粒二云母花岗岩;花岗岩型钨钼多金属矿体分布在绿泥石化带和钾长石化带,矿体为细粒浸染状黑云母二长花岗岩和细粒钾长石花岗岩,矿石矿物主要有黑钨矿、辉钼矿、锡石、辉铋矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、白钨矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿等;初步研究表明该岩体型钨钼多金属矿体可能为深部含矿岩浆经分异作用形成,矿床具有品位一般、规模大的特点,成矿元素复杂,主要为W － Mo － Sn － Bi 组合,并富含Pb,Zn,Ag,Nb 等。该矿床的发现不仅填补了南岭东段地区找矿新突破,而且对整个南岭乃至华南地区钨钼多金属矿找矿具有重要的指导作用。     

北京密云环斑花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb 年龄及其构造意义

密云环斑花岗岩与华北克拉通的破坏、燕辽裂谷的启动同期,其年代学研究一直令人关注,已获得的一些数据虽然具有参考意义,但缺乏高质量的SHRIMP定年的制约.利用西澳大利亚科庭大学离子探针中心进行远程测试,首次在该花岗岩体中获得锆石SHRIMP U-Pb加权平均年龄1685Ma±15Ma.这一年龄表明燕辽裂谷最早启动于1700Ma,为准确地标定长城系底界的年龄提供了重要的参考依据.     

河南南部天目山岩体特征及其钼矿化

栾川-明港大断裂是华北板块与秦岭造山带的构造分界,其西部栾川一带形成了与花岗岩有关的南泥湖、上房等知名钼矿床。天目山岩体位于栾川-明港大断裂西段,具有富硅、富碱,稀土元素中轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损、3Eu负异常及微量元素（w、Sn、Bi、Mo、Be、Nb）含量高等特点,属利于成矿花岗岩。通过对岩体中钼矿物的研究,指出钼矿化的主要富集区及今后找矿的重点区域。