Effects of high-pressure heat treatment on the solid-state phase transformation and microstructures of Cu61.13Zn33.94Al4.93 alloys

The phase transformation activation energy of the Cu_61.13Zn_33.94Al_4.93 alloys, which were treated at 4 GPa and 700 °C for 15 minutes, was calculated by means of differential scanning calorimetry curves obtained at various heating and cooling rates. Then, the effects of high-pressure heat treatments on the solid-state phase transformation and the microstructures of Cu_61.13Zn_33.94Al_4.93 alloys were investigated. The results show that high-pressure heat treatments can refine the grains and can change the preferred orientation from (111) to (200) of α phase. Compared with the as-cast alloy, the sample with high-pressure heat treatment has finer grains, lower β' → β and β → β ' transformation temperature and activation energy. Furthermore, we found that high cooling rate favours the formation of fine needle-like α phase in the range of 5--20 °C/min.     

铝合金钻杆的优越性及在地探深孔中的应用前景

在归纳铝合金钻杆众多优点的基础上,介绍铝合金钻杆与钢接头的连接方式、过盈配合,举例分析铝合金钻杆可显著减少深孔钻进大钩载荷、转盘扭矩和泵压损失的效果,探讨了铝合金钻杆在地探深孔中的应用前景。     

复合片取心钻头的研制及其应用

由金刚石共晶体与硬质合金基座制成的复合体是一种新型超硬研磨材料，用它和特制的钻头胎体制成的复合片取心钻头适用于可钻性小于Ⅶ级岩石的钻进，它的应用可大大提高煤系地层（特别是煤心）的采取率。     

一个适合于金属合金水热实验方法的探讨

文章以银-钯（Ag－Pd）合金＋AgCl在HCl-H2O对热液中的溶解度测定为例，叙述了用合金作为实验初始物和同时测定合金组成的方法。本实验结果与前人在相同实验条件仅用不同方法所获得的结果比较后指出：①本实验中测得的银溶解度位于Zotov和Seward的研究结果之间；②从实验中测得把的溶解度，计算或的存在形式和控制把溶解度反应式的平衡常数与Gammons一致，所有这些结果都表明，用Ag－Pd合金＋AgCl作为溶解度反应的初始物研究该合金组成的方法是可行的。该方法提出了控制体系氧逸度的新方法，为从实验上研究成矿元素在低温下的热液行为提供了可能。     

缅甸铂族金属砂矿中的矿物种类

采用电子探针分析（ＥＰＭＡ），对缅甸铂族金属砂矿中的矿物种类进行了研究。物质组成研究查明：主要组合矿物是Ｐｔ、Ｉｒ、Ｏｓ、Ｒｕ的自然元素和金属互化物。主要矿物是自然铂矿、铁铂合金、钌铱锇矿、等轴锇铱矿和铱锇矿。次要及稀有矿物是铂族金属的硫化物、砷化物、包括（Ｒｈ、Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ）２Ａｓ和（Ｒｈ、Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ、Ｎｉ）２Ａｓ两种陌生矿物、锑化物，以及含铂族元素的Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ硫化物。     

Dynamic behavior and applicability of lead alloy absorber

Introduction As the result of economic development, metropolitans spring out in China. In metropolitans,the cities contact with each other through life line systems, the density of population is larger thanother areas, and social treasure in the unit area is much higher than other cities (GAO, 2003). Atthe same time, the risk of potential earthquake disaster in metropolitans increases greatly. One ofcharacters of metropolitan earthquake damage is that each city in the metropolitan will …     

乙酰胺-尿素-NaBr熔体中Ce-Sm-Co合金膜的电化学制备

应用循环曲线法研究了在353 K的乙酰胺-尿素-NaBr熔体中Co2+在Cu电极上的电化学行为,获知Co2+电还原为金属Co是一步不可逆过程,测得a=0.25和Do=3.24×10-6cm2.s-1;而Ce(Ⅲ)、Sm(Ⅲ)不能单独还原为Ce和Sm,但可以被Co(Ⅱ)诱导而共沉积;由恒电位电解法得到非晶态的Ce-Sm-Co合金膜,合金膜中Ce和Sm的含量随电位、时间和浓度的变化而变化。其合金膜中Sm的最高质量分数可以达到47.98%,Ce的最高质量分数可以达到47.32%。     

Gaseous transport and deposition of gold in magmatic fluid: evidence from the active Kudryavy volcano, Kurile Islands

The distribution of gold in high-temperature fumarole gases of the Kudryavy volcano (Kurile Islands) was measured for gas, gas condensate, natural fumarolic sublimates, and precipitates in silica tubes from vents with outlet temperatures ranging from 380 to 870°C. Gold abundance in condensates ranges from 0.3 to 2.4 ppb, which is significantly lower than the abundances of transition metals. Gold contents in zoned precipitates from silica tubes increase gradually with a decrease in temperature to a maximum of 8 ppm in the oxychloride zone at a temperature of approximately 300°C. Total Au content in moderate-temperature sulfide and oxychloride zones is mainly a result of Au inclusions in the abundant Fe–Cu and Zn sulfide minerals as determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Most Au occurs as a Cu–Au–Ag triple alloy. Single grains of native gold and binary Au–Ag alloys were also identified among sublimates, but aggregates and crystals of Cu–Au–Ag alloy were found in all fumarolic fields, both in silica tube precipitates and in natural fumarolic crusts. Although the Au triple alloy is homogeneous on the scale of microns and has a composition close to (Cu,Ni,Zn)₃(Au,Ag)₂, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows that these alloy solid solutions consist of monocrystal domains of Au–Ag, Au–Cu, and possibly Cu₂O. Gold occurs in oxide assemblages due to the decomposition of its halogenide complexes under high-temperature conditions (650–870°C). In lower temperature zones (<650°C), Au behavior is related to sulfur compounds whose evolution is strongly controlled by redox state. Other minerals that formed from gas transport and precipitation at Kudryavy volcano include garnet, aegirine, diopside, magnetite, anhydrite, molybdenite, multivalent molybdenum oxides (molybdite, tugarinovite, and ilsemannite), powellite, scheelite, wolframite, Na–K chlorides, pyrrhotite, wurtzite, greenockite, pyrite, galena, cubanite, rare native metals (including Fe, Cr, Mo, Sn, Ag, and Al), Cu–Zn–Fe–In sulfides, In-bearing Pb–Bi sulfosalts, cannizzarite, rheniite, cadmoindite, and kudriavite. Although most of these minerals are fine-grained, they are strongly idiomorphic with textures such as gas channels and lamellar, banded, skeletal, and dendrite-like crystals, characteristic of precipitation from a gas phase. The identified textures and mineral assemblages at Kudryavy volcano can be used to interpret geochemical origins of both ancient and modern ore deposits, particularly gold-rich porphyry and related epithermal systems.     

锗的重要迁移形式——锗氢化物

经对锗及其氢化物的物理化学性质、有关矿床矿物流体包裹体化学成分、主要含锗矿物及锗矿物的化学成分、内生锗矿物的共生伴生矿物特征等相关问题的研讨,认为锗氢化物、锗合金氢化物是锗成矿的重要迁移形式。     

铜合金可见光谱特征及其应用

对铜合金可见光谱线进行了计算机数字模拟处理，研究了基体元素铜和各成分元素的可见光谱特征。使用光栅看谱镜和棱镜看谱镜对铜合金可见光谱进行了看谱分析研究，摄制了彩色图谱。利用铜元素及成分元素特征谱线进行了基体鉴别和成分元素分析，研究结果可用于合金基体鉴别及铜合金成分元素的定性和半定量分析。