滇西腾冲大硐厂铜-铅-锌矿床的辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年

在环绕印度—亚洲大陆碰撞形成的东构造结波密—腾冲弧形构造带中,发育一组含锡铅_锌_铜多金属矿床,但一直没有准确的成矿年龄数据。文章通过对大硐厂铅_锌矿区红沟岩铜矿体中辉钼矿的Re_Os同位素测试,获得精确的成矿等时线年龄为(118.0±2.4)Ma。区内与成矿关系密切的斑岩成岩年龄在143～112Ma,认为斑岩成岩与成矿同期,同为燕山晚期。     

岩浆型Cu-Ni-PGE硫化物矿床研究的几个问题探讨

文章简述了岩浆型Cu—Ni—PGE硫化物矿床的主要特点和研究现状,探讨了矿床的成矿机制,认为其成矿的首要条件是岩浆中硫达到饱和而使硅酸盐岩浆与硫化物熔体发生熔离。综述了如何利用同位素方法确定其成矿物质来源,介绍了如何判别硫饱和度的方法。     

赣南天门山-红桃岭钨锡矿田成岩成矿时代精细测定及其地质意义

素有“世界钨都”美誉的赣南产有密集的与花岗岩类侵入体密切相关的钨锡多金属矿床,然而,目前对钨锡成矿和花岗岩成岩年龄还缺乏很好的约束。本文以天门山-红桃岭钨锡矿田为对象,在详细的矿田地质调查和典型矿床解剖基础之上,采用高精度测年技术开展了成岩成矿年代学研究。利用锆石SHRIMPU-Pb法,分别获得天门山似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩体和红桃岭黑云母花岗岩体成岩年龄分别为151.8±2.9Ma(n=14,MSWD=1.3)和151.4±3.1Ma(n=11,MSWD=0.34);利用辉钼矿Re-Os等时线法,分别获得牛岭内带石英脉型和樟斗外带石英脉型钨矿成矿年龄分别为154.9±4.1~154.6±9.7Ma和149.1±7.1Ma(n=6,MSWD=1.3)。可见,本区钨矿床成矿和与之有密切成因关系的花岗岩成岩年龄限定在晚侏罗世,对应于区域华南中生代第二次大规模成矿作用,钨成矿与花岗岩成岩基本不存在时差。     

内蒙碾子沟钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄及其地质意义

内蒙古碾子沟石英脉型钼矿床是一新发现的钼矿床,通过对主要钼矿体6件辉钼矿样品的Re-Os同位素分析,获得了150.2±2.2~154.4±2.2Ma之间、平均152.4±1.3Ma（2σ误差,MSWD=1.6）的同位素模式年龄,及一个相关性很好的等时线年龄154.3±3.6Ma（2σ误差,MSWD=1.9）,表明碾子沟钼矿床形成于晚侏罗世,属中国东部燕山期大规模钼成矿期成矿,是中国东部中生代构造体制大转折背景下的产物。碾子沟钼矿床辉钼矿的铼含量介于12.6×10^-6~37.0×10^-6,平均24.9×10^-6,通过与其它钼矿床对比,初步认为碾子沟钼矿床成矿物质具有壳幔混源、偏壳源特征。     

小兴安岭鹿鸣大型钼矿LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

鹿鸣钼矿是小兴安岭地区于近年发现的大型斑岩型钼矿床。为探讨研究区成岩成矿关系及其地质意义,在对矿化特征分析的基础上,采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb技术对鹿鸣地区含矿二长花岗岩测年,获得成岩年龄为 (187.1±1.2) Ma (n=15, MSWD=0.70) 。通过辉钼矿样品Re-Os同位素分析,获得等值线年龄为(177.4±3.5) Ma (n=11, MSWD=0.71) ,加权平均年龄为(178.08±0.79) Ma (n=11,MSWD=0.46)。两种方法获得的年龄大致相近,表明它们形成于同一成岩成矿系统。鹿鸣钼矿成岩成矿年龄,与乌奴格吐山铜钼矿、兰家沟钼矿和杨家杖子钼矿等矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄相近,表明包括小兴安岭地区在内的我国东北地区广泛存在早侏罗世岩浆-成矿作用。微量元素和同位素指纹显示,鹿鸣钼矿形成于地壳挤压向拉伸转换的构造环境,成矿物质为壳幔混合来源。     

Origin of highly siderophile and chalcogen element fractionations in the components of unequilibrated H and LL chondrites

Osmium isotopic compositions, abundances of highly siderophile elements (HSE: platinum group elements, Re and Au), the chalcogen elements S, Se and Te and major and minor elements were analysed in physically separated size fractions and components of the ordinary chondrites WSG 95300 (H3.3, meteorite find) and Parnallee (LL3.6, meteorite fall). Fine grained magnetic fractions are 268-65 times enriched in HSE compared to the non-magnetic fractions. A significant deviation of some fractions of WSG 95300 from the 4.568 Ga ¹⁸⁷Re-¹⁸⁷Os isochron was caused by redistribution of Re due to weathering of metal. HSE abundance patterns show that at least four different types of HSE carriers are present in WSG 95300 and Parnallee. The HSE carriers display (i) CI chondritic HSE ratios, (ii) variable Re/Os ratios, (iii) lower than CI chondritic Pd/Ir and Au/Ir and (iv) higher Pt/Ir and Pt/Ru than in CI chondrites. These differences between components clearly indicate the loss of refractory HSE carrier phases before accretion of the components. Tellurium abundances correlate with Pd and are decoupled from S, suggesting that most Te partitioned into metal during the last high-temperature event. Tellurium is depleted in all fractions compared to CI chondrite normalized Se abundances. The depletion of Te is likely associated with the high temperature history of the metal precursors of H and LL chondrites and occurred independent of the metal loss event that depleted LL chondrites in siderophile elements. Most non-magnetic and slightly magnetic fractions have S/Se close to CI chondrites. In contrast, the decoupling of Te and Se from S in magnetic fractions suggests the influence of volatility and metal-silicate partitioning on the abundances of the chalcogen elements. The influence of terrestrial weathering on chalcogen element systematics of these meteorites appears to be negligible.     

Magmatic hydrothermal origin of the Hadamengou-Liubagou Au-Mo deposit,Inner Mongolia,China: Constrains on geology,stable and Re-Os isotopes

The Hadamengou-Liubagou Au-Mo deposit is the largest gold deposit in Inner Mongolia of North China. It is hosted by amphibolite to granulite facies metamorphic rocks of the Archean Wulashan Group. To the west and north of the deposit, there occur three alkaline intrusions, including the Devonian-Carboniferous Dahuabei granitoid batholith, the Triassic Shadegai granite and the Xishadegai porphyritic granite with molybdenum mineralization. Over one hundred subparallel, sheet-like ore veins are confined to the nearly EW-trending faults in the deposit. They typically dip 40° to 80° to the south, with strike lengths from hundreds to thousands of meters. Wall rock alterations include potassic, phyllic, and propylitic alteration. Four distinct mineralization stages were identified at the deposit, including K-feldspar-quartz-molybdenite stage (I), quartz-pyrite-epidote/chlorite stage (II), quartz-polymetallic sulfide-gold stage (III), and carbonate-sulfate-quartz stage (IV). Gold precipitated mainly during stage III, while Mo mineralization occurred predominantly in stage I. The δD_H2O and δ¹⁸O_H2O values of the ore-forming fluids range from −125‰ to −62‰ and from 1.4‰ to 7.5‰, respectively, indicating that the fluids were dominated by magmatic water with a minor contribution of meteoric water. The δ¹³C_PDB and δ¹⁸O_SMOW values of hydrothermal carbonate minerals vary from −10.3‰ to −3.2‰ and from 3.7‰ to 15.3‰, respectively, suggesting a magmatic carbon origin. The δ³⁴S_CDT values of sulfides from the ores vary from −21.7‰ to 5.4‰ and are typically negative (mostly −20‰ to 0‰). The wide variation of the δ³⁴S_CDT values, the relatively uniform δ¹³C values of carbonates (typically −5.5‰ to −3.2‰), as well as the common association of barite with sulfides suggest that the minerals were precipitated under relatively high fo₂ conditions, probably in a magmatic fluid with δ³⁴S_ƩS ≈ 0‰. The Re-Os isotopic dating on molybdenite from Hadamengou yielded a weighted average age of 381.6 ± 4.3 Ma, indicating that the Mo mineralization occurred in Late Devonian. Collectively, previous ⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar and Re-Os isotopic dates roughly outlined two ranges of mineralizing events of 382–323 Ma and 240–218 Ma that correspond to the Variscan and the Indosinian epochs, respectively. The Variscan event is approximately consistent with the Mo mineralization at Hadamengou-Liubagou and the emplacement of the Dahuabei Batholith, whereas the Indosinian event roughly corresponds to the possible peak Au mineralization of the Hadamengou-Liubagou deposit, as well as the magmatic activity and associated Mo mineralization at Xishadegai and Shadegai. Geologic, petrographic and isotopic evidence presented in this study suggest that both gold and molybdenum mineralization at Hadamengou-Liubagou is of magmatic hydrothermal origin. The molybdenum mineralization is suggested to be associated with the magmatic activity during the southward subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean beneath the North China Craton (NCC) in Late Devonian. The gold mineralization is most probably related to the magma-derived hydrothermal fluids during the post-collisional extension in Triassic, after the final suturing between the Siberian and NCC in Late Permian.     

赣西北大雾塘钨矿区地质特征及Re-Os同位素年代学研究

通过对大湖塘钨矿田的大雾塘钨矿区辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年代学的研究,测得辉钼矿的w(Re)为0.3368×10~(-6)~8.256×10~(-6),获得的5个模式年龄比较一致,介于(136.6±2.2)Ma~(138.4±2.4)Ma,加权平均年龄为(137.7±2.7)Ma(MSWD=0.07)。将5个模式年龄进行等时线年龄计算,获得一条相关性较好的~(187)Re-~(187)Os等时线,计算得到辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为(137.9±2.0)Ma(MSWD=0.20),与加权平均年龄一致,可代表辉钼矿的形成年龄。结合石门寺和狮尾洞矿区典型矿床地质、地球化学特征和成岩作用时空关系,认为大雾塘矿床的形成是大湖塘钨矿田的第二期次(140 Ma)大规模成矿作用的产物,2期成矿作用可能是大湖塘钨矿田巨量成矿元素堆积的重要原因之一。     

海南省新村钼矿床LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

新村钼矿床是海南省近年来发现的具中型规模的钼矿床。文章对赋矿二长花岗岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为(102.0±1.5)Ma(MSWD=2.3);对辉钼矿进行Re-Os同位素定年,获得5件样品的模式年龄范围为(97.29±1.43)Ma~(98.52±1.55)Ma,加权平均年龄为(97.84±0.64)Ma,等时线年龄为(98.90±3.40)Ma,成岩年龄与成矿年龄在误差范围内一致。辉钼矿的Re含量和锆石Hf同位素特征指示新村钼矿的成岩成矿物质来自于壳幔混源。新村钼矿床的成岩成矿年龄与海南岛最重要的钼成矿期(95~105 Ma)一致,属中国东部早白垩世晚期—晚白垩世早期钼成矿事件的一部分,与该时期岩石圈大规模拉伸减薄、软流圈上涌及强烈壳-幔作用密切相关。     

广东锡坪钼铜多金属矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年及其地质意义

广东锡坪钼铜多金属矿床位于钦杭成矿带的西南端,为一大型的斑岩型矿床。本文利用辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年方法对锡坪钼铜多金属矿床4件辉钼矿样品进行了成矿年代学测定,获得的模式年龄为85.15~88.34Ma,加权平均值为86.1±2.3Ma,对应的等时线年龄为89.9±3.4Ma,模式年龄和等时线年龄结果在误差范围内基本一致,指示锡坪钼铜多金属矿床的成矿时限为晚白垩世。锡坪钼铜多金属矿辉钼矿样品的Re含量较低,表明其成矿物质可能主要来自于壳源。钦杭成矿带成岩成矿作用以中生代燕山期为主,存在180~150Ma、110~80Ma两个爆发期,两期成岩成矿作用可能均与太平洋板块的俯冲有一定的关系。锡坪钼铜多金属矿床是在岩石圈伸展减薄环境下发生的大规模成矿作用的产物。