基于NMR的库区滑坡三维稳定性数值模拟

传统的勘探、测试手段, 难以获取可靠的滑坡岩土体水文参数, 直接影响滑坡研究的建模、评价工作.应用核磁共振找水方法并结合其他方法建立滑坡三维地质模型, 并提出基于NMR技术的库区滑坡稳定性研究思路.以赵树岭滑坡进行测试, 获取了岩土体的水文地质参数数据, 确定出该滑坡具有两层地下水, 上部潜水含水层, 下部微承压含水层; 具有两层滑面.该技术的分析结果与钻孔数据吻合较好, 可为建立符合实际的滑坡模型提供可靠依据.利用自编渗流-应力耦合有限元程序和ANSYS进行了145 m、175 m及175m降至145 m滑坡的稳定性模拟.结果表明: 145 m及175 m水位, 该滑坡整体处于稳定状态, 前缘随水位抬升局部破坏范围扩大; 175 m降到145 m时, 坡整体稳定性接近极限状态.且滑坡后缘局部位置出现小规模变形破坏的可能.      

Chemical structural models for coalified wood (vitrinite) in low rank coal

Examination of a series of coalified gymnospermous woods ranging in rank from brown coal to subbituminous coal by solid-state ¹³C NMR and analytical pyrolysis has provided sufficient information to construct structural models depicting the changes that occur to lignin, the primary precursor of vitrinite, during coalification. Progressive changes in the chemistry of coalified wood suggest the following series of reactions: (1) demethylation to form catechol-like structures that are dominant components of brown coal and lignite A; (2) cleavage of aryl ether linkages to form phenols and reactive carbocations that alkylate the catechol rings; (3) dehydration of the catechol rings; (3) dehydration of the catechol-like structures to form the structures of subbituminous coal dominated by alkylphenols; and (4) reduction of the 3-carbon alkyl side chain derived from lignin to form propyl substituents. The models developed for each stage of coalification are derived from chemical modifications of the structure of lignin.     

成烃理论的发展——（Ⅱ）煤成油及其初次运移模式

近几年来，我国针对侏罗系煤系地层的油气勘探，取得了重大突破。在我国西北区的一些含煤盆地中都发现了丰富油气矿藏。煤成油的勘探开发和研究，是对陆相生油理论的重大发展，本文介绍了秦匡宗提出的一种利用＾１３Ｃ ＮＭＲ谱确定油潜力碳、气潜力碳和芳构碳评价生油气潜力的新方法，以及一种煤成烃的阶段性初次运移模式。     

卡拉胶及其结构研究进展

本文概述了卡拉胶的类型、命名、卡拉胶结构特征及卡拉胶在藻体中的存在情况，介绍了卡拉胶的一些分析方法。     

Utilizing in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study sublethal stress in aquatic organisms

In vivo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is a powerful technique for characterizing the sublethal actions of physical and chemical stressors in live, intact organisms. In particular, 31P NMR is ideal for observing perturbations to cellular energetics since critical metabolite concentrations, including phosphagens, ATP and inorganic phosphate (Pi), can be measured non-invasively and in real time. This technique's versatility is demonstrated not only in the diversity of organisms that can be studied, but also in its broad-ranging applicability to environmental research. Illustrative studies include the actions of copper in adult red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) and changes in energetically important metabolites in developing medaka embryos (Oryzias latipes). Advantages and disadvantages of in vivo NMR will be discussed.     

Extending NMR data for permeability estimation in fine-grained sediments

We combine nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) transverse relaxation time data and gamma ray data to estimate lithology-dependent permeability in silt- and clay-rich sediments. This approach extends the utility of the Schlumberger-Doll Research (SDR) permeability equation from reservoirs to aquicludes and seals, and thus improves the value and robustness of NMR data. Data from Keathley Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico show that NMR data can be used to define permeability from 10⁻¹⁸ to 10⁻¹⁴ m² (0.001–10 millidarcies) as calibrated and tested by direct measurements on core samples. We performed uniaxial, constant rate-of-strain consolidation experiments on sediments from Keathley Canyon to determine core-scale permeability. Permeabilities from these experiments were compared to permeabilities calculated from logging-while-drilling data. A better fit between log-derived permeability and laboratory-measured permeability was obtained using the SDR equation with a variable coefficient A, rather than a constant A as is typically used. We show how A is a function of lithology and can be modeled from gamma ray data. The relationship between A and gamma ray values suggests that variations in A are caused by platy clay minerals and the effect they have on the pore system. Our results provide improved means for permeability estimation for application in basin flow modeling, hydrocarbon migration modeling, and well completion design.     

Permeability in Rotliegend gas sandstones to gas and brine as predicted from NMR,mercury injection and image analysis

Permeability characterisation of low permeability, clay-rich gas sandstones is part of production forecasting and reservoir management. The physically based Kozeny (1927) equation linking permeability with porosity and pore size is derived for a porous medium with a homogeneous pore size, whereas the pore sizes in tight sandstones can range from nm to μm. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) transverse relaxation was used to estimate a pore size distribution for 63 samples of Rotliegend sandstone. The surface relaxation parameter required to relate NMR to pore size is estimated by combination of NMR and mercury injection data. To estimate which pores control permeability to gas, gas permeability was calculated for each pore size increment by using the Kozeny equation. Permeability to brine is modelled by assuming a bound water layer on the mineral pore interface. The measured brine permeabilities are lower than predicted based on bound water alone for these illite rich samples. Based on the fibrous textures of illite as visible in electron microscopy we speculate that these may contribute to a lower brine permeability.     

河南省自动雨量监测网地市分中心系统

河南省自动雨量监测网地市分中心系统采用J2EE框架和B/S结构,由分中心雨量简明查询和区域自动站管理两部分组成.能够通过Web方式,实现自动雨量站实时和历史雨量的查询,自动雨量站、四要素自动站基本信息录入、修改、查询,设备维护管理及故障短信报警、暴雨短信报警等功能.     

差示FT-Raman和11B NMR方法研究过饱和镁硼酸盐的溶液结构

用差示FT -Raman和11BNMR光谱研究了MgB6O10 ·7 5H2 O、MgB4O7·9H2 O、Mg2 B6O10 ·1 5H2 O三种镁硼酸盐饱和和过饱和溶液的结构机理 ,其结果表明饱和溶液和过饱和溶液中均存在B(OH) 3 、B(OH) -4、B3 O3 (OH) -4、B5O6(OH) 4 -粒子。镁硼酸盐的结晶过程是一个复杂的动力学平衡过程