沙埝油田沙7块阜三段高分辨率层序地层分析

以高分辨率层序地层学与沉积学等理论方法为指导,综合利用岩心、录井和测井等资料,对沙埝油田沙7块阜三段进行了高分辨率层序地层划分与对比。根据基准面旋回和可容纳空间变化原理,识别出研究区短期和中期2个级次的基准面旋回层序,其中短期旋回层序以向上"变浅"的非对称型和对称型2种基本结构类型为主;在各级次基准面旋回层序识别的基础上,将阜三段划分为3个中期旋回层序和17个短期旋回层序,并应用旋回等时对比技术进行了精细地层对比,建立了沙7块阜三段高分辨率层序地层对比格架,为进一步的储层物性预测及储层结构描述等精细地质研究奠定了基础。     

昌潍坳陷潍北凹陷孔二段优质烃源岩成因与分布

昌潍坳陷潍北凹陷烃源岩分布在孔二段(即始新统孔店组二段),包括暗色泥岩、灰质泥岩和油页岩3种类型,前人对灰质泥岩和油页岩的生烃贡献未进行深入研究。利用有机地球化学方法结合热模拟实验对潍北凹陷各种类型烃源岩品质进行分析,研究表明油页岩和灰质泥岩有机质丰度较高、干酪根类型主要为Ⅰ型和Ⅱ1型,为优质烃源岩;暗色泥岩有机质类型和丰度较差,基本为无效烃源岩。优质烃源岩集中分布在孔二上亚段下部和孔二中亚段上部的油页岩和灰质泥岩中,平面上分布在瓦城断阶带东部和灶户鼻状构造带,与已发现油气藏具有良好的对应性。古生物学标志、古盐度及古氧相分析表明孔二段烃源岩形成于内陆咸化湖泊沉积环境。郯庐断裂带左—右旋转换期构造活动强度较弱和晚古新世到早始新世期间发生的大陆分离事件造成的温暖湿润气候促成了优质烃源岩的发育。     

BZ油田沙二段低渗储层定量预测方法

BZ油田沙河街组低渗储层埋藏深、钻井少、地震资料品质差、相带变化快,储层展布特征认识不清,直接制约油田开发调整及滚动挖潜。针对这一难点,在储层特征、地震资料品质分析基础上,结合井震标定、正演模拟分析,探讨了90°相位转换技术在BZ油田沙二段低渗储层预测中的适用性。结果表明,BZ油田沙二段1—4小层砂层组厚度与地震资料分辨最佳厚度匹配较高,90°相位转换地震剖面中地震零相位反射界面与砂层组岩性界面对应关系好,正演波形能够定量刻画砂层组纵向厚度;基于90°相位转换技术,在砂层组厚度定量表征基础上,运用地震沉积学方法和统计学方法,实现了BZ油田沙二段主力含油层段砂体厚度的定量预测,新增调整井实钻储层厚度与钻前预测基本一致。该研究成果有效指导了BZ油田沙二段低渗油藏整体开发方案的部署和实施,也可为类似区块勘探开发提供借鉴。     

精细古地貌恢复在海上油田中-深层储层预测中的应用——以渤海X油田沙二段为例

近年来渤海X油田生产与资源的矛盾日益凸显,且因钻井少、井距大和储层埋藏深,储层认识及"甜点"预测难度很大。文章综合利用钻、测井资料、地震资料等,以高频层序地层格架下地层发育特征为切入点,采用"地震分析定性、层序格架定时、地层厚度定量、三维可视成图"的思路,重点经过去压实恢复、古水深校正,精细恢复沙二段6个沉积时期古地貌。其结果表明,渤海X油田主要发育沟谷、凹陷、斜坡和凸起四种地貌类型。不同沉积期古地貌特征差异明显:沉积早期以隆起为主,沟谷-凹陷组合仅在西南部发育,沉积范围局限;沉积中后期隆起向西北收缩,沟谷-凹陷组合向东北延伸,沉积范围扩大;沉积晚期全区大范围以沟谷-凹陷组合为特征,地形坡度变化小,砂体连片分布。此外,结合生产动态及薄片资料等,从砂岩厚度、水动力条件、单井产能等方面,以E3S2-1—E3S2-2小层古地貌分布图为基础,综合选择砂岩厚度大于15m、古水深小于7m、比采指数大于0.6等参数作为边界约束,预测出有利储层分布区域3个。上述认识对该区后期开发、调整具有重要的参考价值。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘铜川地区三叠系延长组长9段浊积岩特征及对有机质富集的影响

通过岩芯观察、岩石薄片粒度分析,在鄂尔多斯盆地南缘铜川地区三叠系延长组9段识别出了浊积岩,并揭示了其垂向上典型鲍马序列组合及沉积特征。同时,对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长9段的油页岩、富有机质泥岩等样本进行TOC、热解测试,分析了该段浊积岩特征及对有机质富集的特征及影响。结果表明:半深湖--深湖区油页岩、泥岩干酪根类型以Ⅱ1型为主,浊积岩上下层位的泥岩、泥页岩、粉砂质泥岩等干酪根类型主要为Ⅲ型和Ⅱ2型。长9段浊积岩对含油页岩段的有机质富集具有一定影响,浊积岩AB及ABC序列对底部沉积的泥岩、泥页岩有机质含量影响最大,其有机碳含量相对较低;浊积岩DE序列对底部沉积的泥岩、泥页岩有机质含量影响相对较小,有机质含量相对较高。     

The Green Castle Sandstone Formation: A new name for the Cwmffrwd Formation (Old Red Sandstone) preoccupied by an Ordovician Member

The Geological Survey’s Framework Report on the Old Red Sandstone of the Anglo-Welsh region includes a proposal for a new formational name, the Cwmffrwd Formation, for the basal formation of the Daugleddau Group in Carmarthenshire, S. Wales.The name is preoccupied by the Early Ordovician Cwmffrwd Member of the Carmarthen Formation and a new name, the Green Castle Sandstone Formation is proposed for the Cwmffrwd Formation.     

Patterns of rare earth and other trace elements in Paleogene and Miocene clayey sediments from the Mondego platform (Central Portugal)

In the present study the origin of clay deposits occurring in an inland platform, in central Portugal, was investigated by their mineralogical and chemical composition. The clay deposits, exploited for ceramic industry are composed of silt-clay facies, the Monteira Member and the Arroça Member, which are assigned to the Coja Formation (Paleogene) and the Campelo Formation (Miocene), respectively. These clayey facies show almost compositional homogeneity, especially concerning texture. The mineralogical composition of the Monteira Member displays slightly higher content in smectite and interstratified clay minerals, which is supported by the chemical composition of samples analyzed. Both members present similar REE patterns, displaying an intense weathering record and little variation in the source area composition. Minor element geochemistry suggests low content in heavy minerals and transition metals. REE patterns and ratios of geochemical parameters support the dominant metasedimentary provenance, with a granite source contribution and also mature recycled sediments of continental origin. The study results’ suggest that the clays of these two members have the same source in terms of lithology and recycled sediments from the Hesperian massif. During the deposition of the Arroça Member, a major remobilization of the Monteira Member is suggested, explaining the geochemical similarity of both facies.     

Provenance, Tectonic Setting and Geochemistry of Ahwaz Sandstone Member (Asmari Formation, Oligo-Miocene), Marun Oilfield, Zagros Basin, SW Iran

The Asmari Formation deposited in the Zagros foreland basin during the OligoceneMiocene. Lithologically, the Asmari Formation consists of limestone, dolomitic limestone, dolomite, argillaceous limestone, some anhydrite(Kalhur Member) and sandstones(Ahwaz Member). This study is based on the analysis of core samples from four subsurface sections(wells Mn-68, Mn-281, Mn-292 and Mn-312) in the Marun Oilfield in the Dezful embayment subzone in order to infer their provenance and tectonic setting of the Ahwaz Sandstone Member. Petrographical data reveal that the Ahwaz Sandstone comprises 97.5% quartz, 1.6% feldspar, and 0.9% rock fragments and all samples are classified as quartz arenites. The provenance and tectonic setting of the Ahwaz Sandstone have been assessed using integrated petrographic and geochemical studies. Petrographic analysis reveals that mono- and poly-crystalline quartz grains from metamorphic and igneous rocks of a craton interior setting were the dominant sources. Chemically, major and trace element concentrations in the rocks of the Ahwaz Sandstone indicate deposition in a passive continental margin setting. As indicated by the CIW′ index(chemical index of weathering) of the Ahwaz Sandstone(average value of 82) their source area underwent "intense" recycling but "moderate to high" degree of chemical weathering. The petrography and geochemistry results are consistent with a tropical, humid climate and low-relief highlands.     

沧东-南皮凹陷舍女寺地区孔店组油层组沉积微相

舍女寺地区位于沧东凹陷和南皮凹陷之间,西靠沧县隆起东与孔店构造带以鞍部相接,朵体范围较大。该目标区孔二段2油层组主要发育辫状河三角洲及水下扇沉积相,延伸至官158井。物源主要来自西侧沧县隆起地区。本文通过砂体联井与代表井岩性及测井特征分析对该地区沉积微相进行详细研究。     

厚层湖泊滩坝砂体成因机制探讨及地质意义——以黄骅坳陷板桥凹陷沙河街组二段为例

滩坝储层是近年来油气勘探、开发的重点目标之一。板桥凹陷沙二段发育典型的厚层湖泊滩坝砂体,单砂体平均厚10余米,垂向上通常累积成厚数十米、内部夹层发育的复合滩坝砂体。根据研究区滩坝砂体的沉积特征、平面形态和发育位置,将滩坝砂体细分为坝中心、坝侧翼、坝间、近岸滩、远岸滩5种微相类型。在古构造、沉积环境等综合研究的基础上,指出该区厚层滩坝砂体是物源、水动力和同生断层在时间和空间上有机结合、共同控制的结果。来自南部的辫状河三角洲砂体作为主力物源为板桥凹陷滩坝沉积提供了物质基础。凹陷缓坡带具有大面积的水动力作用区,控制着滩坝的规模和分布,波浪能量的变化影响着滩坝砂体的相分异。同生断层是板桥凹陷发育厚层滩坝砂体的主导因素。一方面,同生断层控制物源的分配,在断层下降盘具有充足的砂体供应,同时,断面的陡坎部位形成持续的水动力高能环境,并长期接受波浪作用,逐渐形成厚度较大的滩坝砂体;另一方面,同生断层的活动性增加了下降盘基准面上升的概率,为滩坝沉积提供了时间条件,滩坝砂体不再因短期基准面的频繁变化而层层错叠,而是在纵向上连续厚层堆积。断层下降盘是厚层滩坝砂体的有利发育部位,并极易形成构造-岩性圈闭,有利于油气聚集、成藏。