Magnetics in geoexploration

The magnetic method is the oldest and one of the most widely used geophysical techniques for exploring the earth’s subsurface. It is a relatively easy and inexpensive tool to employ, being applicable to a wide variety of subsurface exploration problems involving horizontal magnetic property variations occurring from near the base of the crust to within the uppermost meter of soil. Successful applications of the magnetic method require an in-depth understanding of its basic principles and careful field work, data reduction, and interpretation. Commonly, interpretations are limited to qualitative approaches which simply map the spatial location of anomalous subsurface conditions, but under favourable circumstances the technological status of the method will permit more quantitative interpretations involving specification of the nature of the anomalous sources. No other geophysical method provides critical input to such a wide variety of problems. However, seldom does the magnetic method provide the complete answer to an investigation problem. As a result, it is generally used in concert with other geophysical and geological data to limit its interpretational ambiguities.     

嫩江上游第四纪砂金矿控矿条件和富集规律的初步研究

在论述了嫩江上游区域地质背景后，总结了该区砂金矿形成的控矿条件和富集规律。提出了决定砂金矿形成的主要因素是丰富的砂金物质来源，有利的外营力作用，适宜的新构造运动和良好的沉积环境，而且要经历搬运－沉积、再搬运－再沉积的复杂过程，才能达到工业要求的富集程度。     

沉积型钛铁矿品位计算方法

沉积型钛铁矿品位计算中时常出现简化计算公式,忽视钛铁矿中TiO2实际含量和钛物相分布中钛铁矿占比等因素,导致钛铁矿品位计算数据偏差,影响钛铁矿储量计算和项目经济测算。为了减少钛铁矿品位计算的错误,本文以莫桑比克和马拉维钛铁矿项目勘查资料数据为基础,论述钛铁矿物中TiO2实测含量及钛物相分析中钛铁矿占比的意义,正确运用钛铁矿品位计算公式,使沉积型钛铁矿品位计算更接近实际,为提升钛铁矿砂矿资源储量和项目经济性测算的准确性提供重要支撑。     

Chemical Zone of Nephrite in Alamas,Xinjiang, China

The Hetian deposit, located south of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, China, is one of the world's largest dolomite-related nephrite deposits. In the Alamas orebody of the deposit, nephrite occurs as veins or lenses along faults or fissures of the adjacent dolomitic marble. Chemical analyses using electronic microscope probe analysis and X-ray fluorescence spectroscope were carried out on nephrite and dolomitic marble samples collected from a cross section in Alamas to investigate zonal structure of the orebody. The nephrite in Alamas is predominately composed of tremolite with minor calcite, titanite and phlogopite, and that dolomitic marble is relatively pure with a FeO content less than 0.20 wt. %. Contents of color-inducing elements, such as Fe, Mn, and Cr, increase gradually as color changes from white through white-green and then to green, resulting in the formation of color-distinctive zones. Tremolite grain size increases as color changes from white through white-green to green. The trend may be consistent with temperature changes from dolomitic marble to granodiorite, which, in turn, suggests that both change in color from white to green and variations of grain size with increasing temperature resulting in formation of the nephrite zonal structure. Both nephrite zonal structure and minor minerals, such as calcite, titanite and phlogopite found in the contact, indicate that this dolomite-related nephrite orebody is of a metasomatic origin under assumed pressure of 100–200 MPa and temperature <550°C.     

贵州凯里龙井街发现火山岩屑重砂异常

贵州凯里龙井街火山岩屑重砂异常位于区域性施洞口深大断裂近旁，异常物质为黑曜岩屑及火山玻璃，它的存在，显示了施洞口断裂带附近，挽近地质时期曾有酸性火山喷发活动，为贵州基础地质研究提供了新的重要信息。     

西藏班公湖-怒江成矿带中段砂金成色特征

该区砂金成色具有明显的不均一性，继承性和后期改造性。成色变化范围大（531．48－1000），具有粒度越大成色越高的趋势，区同西部砂金矿床的溶蚀系数小于1．03，为近原生源砂金，东部的1．03－1．10，为中近原生源砂金，崩纳藏分布于1．10，为远原生源砂金。自然金化学成分研究表明其原生金矿为中低温热型金矿床，那朗沟一带的燕山晚期花岗岩体内部有找到原生金矿床的可能。     

1992年新疆和田地区地震及地倾斜异常

分析了新疆和田地区１９９２年４月５日发生的Ｍｓ５．９地震和同年９月２日、１２月２５日发生的Ｍｓ４．６级地震的震前地倾斜异常情况。利用迭代法对地震平静年份的资料进行处理，做出正常背景曲线并与异常图象比较，收到了良好效果。另外还各单位介绍了田地区的地质构造背景及历史地震活动，并对常用处理资料方法的预报效能以及异常量大小和震级的关系进行了讨论。     

缅甸铂族金属砂矿中的矿物种类

采用电子探针分析（ＥＰＭＡ），对缅甸铂族金属砂矿中的矿物种类进行了研究。物质组成研究查明：主要组合矿物是Ｐｔ、Ｉｒ、Ｏｓ、Ｒｕ的自然元素和金属互化物。主要矿物是自然铂矿、铁铂合金、钌铱锇矿、等轴锇铱矿和铱锇矿。次要及稀有矿物是铂族金属的硫化物、砷化物、包括（Ｒｈ、Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ）２Ａｓ和（Ｒｈ、Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ、Ｎｉ）２Ａｓ两种陌生矿物、锑化物，以及含铂族元素的Ｆｅ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ硫化物。     

溆浦县栏桥─景江砂锡矿床地质特征

溆浦砂锡矿床赋存在第四系冲积层中，锡石主要富集在底部砂砾石层。矿体呈层状，平均厚０．９２－１．６６ｍ，锡石平均品位６３２～１２２９ｇ／ｍ３。伴生锆石、独居石。本砂锡矿床与白马山花岗岩风化壳密切有关，矿床成因属第四系全新统冲积─堆积型细谷砂矿。